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SCIENCE Study Guide
Chapter 6: “The Solar System”
The Sun
The Sun produces more heat, radiation, and __light_____ than anything else in the solar
system.
Know how large the Sun is by understanding how many Earth-sized spheres would fit in it.
More than 1 million
The Sun is a(n) [small, average, large] star.
Is the Sun made of rock at its core? No mostly made up of gas (helium & hydrogen)
It has [no, a weak, a strong] gravitational pull.
It is mostly made of __gas________ called helium and hydrogen.
A process called __nuclear fusion___________ inside the Sun produces solar energy.
Most of the ___energy_______ in the Sun is generated in its core.
The Structure of the Planets
Our Solar System has planets arranged in [straight lines, elliptical paths, zigzagging lines].
Know the order of the planets and asteroid belt from the Sun outward.
Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, asteroid belt, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune
Know which planets are the inner planets and what material they are mostly comprised of.
Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars comprised of rock
Know which planets are the outer planets and what material they are mostly comprised of.
Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune comprised of gas
Know which planets orbit/revolve around the sun more quickly: the closest or farthest ones?
closest
Mercury and Venus are the only two planets in our Solar System that do not have any
__moons____.
Define a comet by its composition, appearance, and movement. A comet is a mixture of
frozen gases, ice, dust, and rock that moves in an irregular circle around the sun
Explain why the label “meteoroid” may change to “meteor” for a particular object in space.
Meteor once enters the earth’s atmosphere
Gravity & Orbit
The forces ___gravity__________ and __inertia____________ keep planets in their orbits around
the Sun.
Understand that the planets and asteroids orbit the Sun and that moons orbit most planets.
Artificial satellites, such as a space station, will stay in orbit around the Earth due to Earth’s
gravity keeping it from flying off into space and ____forward___________ motion
keeping it from falling to Earth.
Know which two factors affect the force of gravity in relation to two objects in space.
1.
The total _____mass________ of the two objects
2. The _____distance_______________ between the two objects
This rule (above) means that which planet has the greatest gravity? Which has the least?
Greatest: Jupiter
Least: Pluto