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CHAPTER 15 THE RENAISSANCE The Renaissance Begins • 1400 to 1600 new ideas and a rebirth of Greek and Roman culture spread throughout western Europe • The Renaissance began in Italy in the city-state of Florence Horrible Histories: The Renaissance video The Renaissance Simply Put: • Was a return to a focus on the culture and education of the ancient Greeks and Romans • Lead to advancements and discoveries • Value placed on education • the individual became important Comparing the paintings Middle Ages Renaissance POP QUIZ ! POP QUIZ Lesson 1 1. What was the Renaissance? A) the rebirth of ancient Greek and Roman culture B) the buying and selling of a large quantity of goods C) the largest building ever constructed in Italy 2. Which Italian city-state is considered to be the birth place of the Renaissance? A) Venice B) Milan C) Florence POP QUIZ Lesson 1 3. What wealthy group supported art and education in Italy during the Renaissance? A) Giotto B) patrons C) mercenaries 4. Which family ruled Florence during the Renaissance? A) Gambino Family B) Moniacci Family C) Medici Family POP QUIZ Lesson 1 5. How did warfare change during the Renaissance? A) cannons, crude handguns, foot soldiers were used B) nuclear bomb was invented C) Al Capone invented the Tommy Gun 6. Giotto, Leonardo da Vinci, and Michelangelo Buonarroti were all popular ______ during the Renaissance. A) musicians B) teachers C) artists Chapter 15 THE RENAISSANCE ELSEWHERE IN EUROPE An Invention to Spread the Word • Printing Press – invention by Johann Gutenberg from Germany; - helped spread ideas throughout Europe • The printing press typewriter computer Changes in the Christian Church • 1517 Martin Luther, a priest from Germany, became angry with the Catholic Church • The Catholic Church was selling forgiveness • Martin Luther was put on trial for disagreeing with the Church • Luther’s ideas lead to the formation of the Lutheran Church • Others who protested against the Catholic Church became known as Protestants • This movement to reform the Catholic Church became known as the Reformation Spain • During the Middle Ages, Muslims, known as Moors, controlled Spain • The Moors were driven out by Christian armies • Ferdinand and Isabella took over Spain in 1492; Sent Columbus to the New World • 1588 Philip II of Spain built a many ships to invade England; England was victorious Horrible Histories: Spanish Armada The Tudors of England Henry VII •Took power in 1485 Henry VIII •Popular •1534 established •Ended a civil war the Protestant Church Mary •Became queen in 1553 •A devoted Catholic •Married 6 times; •Murdered those wanted a male who didn’t rejoin heir Catholic Church =“Bloody Mary” Mary Tudor Song Elizabeth I •Most popular Tudor; became queen in 1558 •Restored the Protestant Church •Encouraged trade, business, and exploration •Listened to poetry •Never married Hundred Years’ War Who Between England and France Joan of Arc (1429) What Where When Why War Results France defeated England Horrible Histories: Joan of Arc Mostly in France 1337 to 1453 Edward III, king of England, asserted that he in fact had a superior claim to the throne because his mother was Philip the Fair's (King of France) daughter Development of technology with new siege engines and the use of the longbow as an English weapon POP QUIZ ! Pop Quiz : Renaissance Elsewhere (2) 1. What enabled more books to be spread throughout Europe? A. Typewriter B. Scribes C. Printing press 2. Who is credited with starting the Reformation? A. Joan of Arc B. Martin Luther C. Henry VIII Pop Quiz : the Renaissance Elsewhere 3. Who ruled Spain before Ferdinand and Isabella? A. The Moors B. The French C. The Germans 4. Which member of the Tudor family was known for cruelty A. Henry VII B. Edward C. Mary Pop Quiz: Renaissance Elsewhere 5. How was the Renaissance elsewhere in Europe like the Renaissance in Italy? How was it different? Renaissance Web Quest 1. Sign out a lap top 2. Log on to the lap top 3. Select one of the people from the Renaissance era to learn more about (pick from the word wall) 4. Use school appropriate websites to learn about this person and write a two paragraph essay in your notebook explaining who this person was and how they were influential. Example of influence: Gutenberg invented the printing press. This is influential because it allowed ideas to spread through books and other types of literature. Chapter 15 THE BEGINNING OF MODERN SCIENCE Early Ideas about the Earth’s Shape • Babylonians thought the earth was hollow, to provide space for their underworld • Egyptians thought the earth a square with mountains at the edge supporting the sky • In the 4th century B.C. the Greek philosopher Aristotle introduced geocentrism. The theory that the universe is earth centered. • Early Christians believed God created man in his own image and the universe. Therefore Christians believed the Earth was in the center of the universe Renaissance Scientists Scientists Discovery / Accomplishment Nicholas Copernicus (1473-1543) From Poland Believed the Earth traveled around the sun = heliocentric Galileo Galilei (1564-1642) From Italy Improved the telescope; helped prove the ideas of Copernicus Isaac Newton (1642-1727) From England Discovered gravity Scientific Method 1. Ask a Question 2. Research 3. Hypothesis 4. Test the hypothesis 5. Analyze data and draw conclusions 6. Share results Into The Universe w/ Stephen Hawking Still Learning. Pluto: Not A Planet • Pluto, the distant ice-covered world is no longer a true planet as of 8/24/06 • A full-fledged planet is an object that orbits the sun and is large enough to have become round due to the force of its own gravity. In addition, a planet has to dominate the neighborhood around its orbit. • Pluto has been demoted because it does not dominate its neighborhood. Charon, its large "moon," is only about half the size of Pluto, while all the true planets are far larger than their moons.