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Chapter 16 Notetaking Study Guide
Now you are ready to answer the Chapter 16 Focus Question: How did the rise
of neighboring empires have an impact on the Greek city-states?
Fill
in the following chart to help you answer this question. Use the notes that
you took for each section.
Persian Empire
Cyrus the Great
• began his reign in 559 B.C.
• conquered Ionian city-states and
Babylon
Darius the Great
• extended and strengthened
the empire
• The empire was divided into
____________________ each run
by __________________________.
• constructed Royal Roads for travel
and trade
• Persian postal service: __________
_____________________________
Persian Wars
Ionian City-States
• very unhappy, rebelled against
Persian rule
• burning of Sardis led to Greek
victory at Marathon
Athenian and Spartan city-states
• united to fight
• major battles:
• Afterward Athens entered a
“Golden Age” of
.
• Pericles led
.
Macedonia
Athenian and Spartan Alliances
• Athens formed an alliance called the
Delian League.
• Athens used its leadership position
to _____________________.
• Sparta formed the _____________
____________________________.
Athens and Sparta at war
• Rivalry led to _______________
____________________________,
which began in ____________ and
lasted for ______ years.
• In the end, __________ defeated
_____________.
Philip of Macedon
• overthrew
• conquered all of _______________
Alexander the Great
• conquered ___________________
____________________________
____________________________
• liberated city-states from
____________________________
• spread Greek culture through a
process known as ___________.
Refer to this page to answer Unit 5 Focus Question on page 205.
204
Unit 5
Chapter 16 Notetaking Study Guide
© Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Prentice Hall. All Rights Reserved.
Peloponnesian War
SSAC_IRNSG.book Page 205 Tuesday, September 20, 2005 3:47 PM
Unit 5 Pulling It Together Activity
What You Have Learned
Chapter 13 Greek-speaking peoples moved into the Greek Peninsula. They
began building societies with advanced cultures.
Chapter 14 The Greek city-states of Athens and Sparta developed different
kinds of government.
Chapter 15 The ancient Greeks had a highly developed culture. Many of their
ideas influenced other cultures.
Chapter 16 The Persian Empire won many battles against the Greeks before a
Macedonian leader named Alexander defeated them.
Think Like a Historian
Read the Unit 5 Focus Question: How might geography affect how a civilization develops?
Use
the organizers on this page and the next to collect information to answer
this question.
What were the effects of landform and location on Greece’s development?
One of them is listed in this organizer. Review your section and chapter notes.
Then complete the organizer.
© Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Prentice Hall. All Rights Reserved.
Effects of Landform and Location on Greece’s Development
Landform: a mountainous
peninsula, surrounded by
seas and small islands
Location: on the Mediterranean
Sea between
• Europe
•
•
The seas provided
1. a source of food.
2. a highway for
•
•
Location was a crossroads for
•
•
Travelers and traders exchanged
• goods
•
•
Unit 5 Pulling It Together Activity
205
SSAC_IRNSG.book Page 206 Tuesday, September 20, 2005 3:47 PM
The Unit Focus Question asks how geography might affect how a civilization
develops. The organizer below considers the effects of mountains on the
development of civilization in Greece. Review your section and chapter notes.
Then fill in the rest of the organizer.
Effects of Mountains on Greece's Development
Isolated settlements: made it
difficult for Greeks to unite into
one country
Limited farmland: Greeks could
not produce enough food to
feed the population.
1. Conquest
• to gain land and resources
2.
•
3. Expansion
•
1. Spread ___________________
_________________________
2. Brought __________________
_________________________
206
Unit 5 Pulling It Together Activity
© Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Prentice Hall. All Rights Reserved.
Exchange of culture and ideas:
SSAC_IRNSG.book Page 207 Tuesday, September 20, 2005 3:47 PM
Unit 6
Ancient Rome
What You Will Learn
Chapter 17 Rome developed along the Tiber River in present-day Italy. In
response to the rule of Etruscan kings, the people of Rome eventually formed the
Roman Republic.
Chapter 18 As Roman power expanded, the growth presented problems for the
republic. Rulers such as Caesar and Augustus led Rome as it changed from a
republic to an empire.
Chapter 19 During the Roman control of Galilee and Judea, a teacher named
Jesus attracted many followers. Christian beliefs are drawn from the teachings of
Jesus and his apostles. Though they faced great challenges, Christians spread
their beliefs across the Roman Empire.
Chapter 20 The Romans made advances in art, architecture, literature, and engineering. Roman government greatly influenced modern political and legal systems.
© Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Prentice Hall. All Rights Reserved.
Focus Your Learning As you study this unit and take notes, you will find the
information to answer the questions below. Answering the chapter focus questions
will help build your answer to the unit focus question.
Chapter 17 Focus Question
What factors influenced the
rise and development of
the Roman Republic?
(page 208)
Chapter 18 Focus Question
How did the ambitions of Roman
rulers have both good
and bad effects?
(page 222)
Unit 6 Focus Question
Why do some empires have a
greater influence on the
world than others?
(page 255)
Chapter 19 Focus Question
What is Christianity, and
how did it spread?
(page 233)
Chapter 20 Focus Question
How did the Roman Empire
have a lasting impact?
(page 244)
Unit 6
207