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Egypt and the Nile River Valley I. Geography a. River valley in middle of desert => b. Nile river over _______ miles long => c. Traveling the Nile => d. “Upper” & “Lower” Egypt: Upper is _________________ and lower is __________________ e. Nile Delta => II. Egyptian Culture a. Social Structures i. Very stratified social hierarchy (draw and label social pyramid) ii. Social mobility, up or down, was _________________ in Egyptian society iii. Women in Egyptian society => b. Technology i. Hieroglyphics => ii. Calendar => iii. Mathematics 1. Excellent at _____________________ 2. Very skillful … iv. Medicine 1. Doctors would take ________________ and set ________________ 2. Actually performed successful _________________________________! c. Religion i. After 3100 BC, pharaoh … ii. Also worshipped ________________+ gods / goddesses => iii. Egyptians believed in an ____________________ 1. Eternal life . . . 2. Practice of mummification for royal, elite dead a. Embalm . . . b. Remove . . . c. Wrap in wax cloth bandages, then . . . iv. Buried pharaohs in _______________ or _________________ III. Early history / Unification of Egypt a. People settled along Nile River . . . b. River allowed . . . c. King Narmer, circa 3100 BC i. Legendary king who . . . ii. Established _____________________ state iii. Earliest . . . iv. Two crowns of Egypt represented Upper and Lower Egypt 1. Upper Egypt = _____________ crown 2. Lower Egypt = ____________ crown IV. Dynasties of Egyptian Pharaohs a. Early Dynastic Period (1st to 3rd Dynasties) (2950 to 2575 BC) i. Highly organized society => ii. First ___________ ___________________ built b. Old Kingdom (4th to 8th Dynasties) (2660 to 2180 BC) i. Primary pyramid building time => ii. Hieroglyphics … iii. Many characteristics of … c. First Intermediate Period (9th to 11th Dynasties) (2175 to 1975 BC) i. State … ii. Rival Egyptians … d. Middle Kingdom (11th to 14th Dynasties) (1975 to 1640 BC) i. Egyptian state _________________ under strong pharaohs ii. Egypt conquered ________________ => iii. Classical period of … e. Second Intermediate Period (15th to 17th Dynasties) (1630 to 1520 BC) i. Hyksos (_________________________________ tribe from Palestine) invaded lower Egypt 1. New tech used against Egyptians => 2. Hyksos were . . . ii. Dynasties continued … f. New Kingdom (18th to 20th Dynasties) (1539 to 1075 BC) i. Egypt overthrew Hyksos in long war ii. Egypt became an empire => iii. Pharaohs were typically ____________________, not priests iv. Anti-foreigner movement very strong => g. Third Intermediate Period (21st to 25th Dynasties) (1075 to 715 BC) i. “___________ ____________________” invaded through Palestine ii. __________________ conquered Egypt h. Late Period (26th to 30th Dynasties) (715 to 332 BC) i. Egypt conquered by foreign powers => ii. Egypt finally became independent (404-332 BC) i. Greco-Roman Period (332 BC – 395 AD) i. Conquered by Alexander the Great => ii. Romans take over after ________ BC => iii. Rosetta Stone carved in ___________