Download File - Mrs. Malm`s 5th Grade

Name: __________________________
Science
Test Date: _________________
Earth Science Test Review
Anticipated test dates: Wales- 1/14, Malm 1/15
Check the box if you know it
I. Rocks
o Igneous – formed when melted rock cools
o Sedimentary – formed when small bits of rocks and minerals are
deposited on the bottom of the ocean and undergo tremendous
pressure over a long time
o Metamorphic – formed when rocks undergo both pressure and heat
II. Minerals
o A mineral is an inorganic, naturally occurring, chemical substance
with a definite crystal structure.
o Quartz and diamond are two minerals.
o Minerals can be identified by checking their (1) color, (2) luster, (3)
density, (4) streak, and (5) hardness.
III. Soil
o Soil is formed by a mixture of organic and inorganic materials, air
and water
o Inorganic materials for soil come from weathered rocks and
minerals.
o Organic materials for soil come from dead, decomposing plants and
animals, microbes, and small organisms such as worms, all of these
things provide nutrients to help plants grow.
o Soil is fertile when it has a good balance of the four ingredients
o Properties of soil include: color, texture (size of particles), the
ability to retain water, and the ability to support plant growth
IV. Weathering
o Weathering is the breaking down of rocks and minerals into smaller
pieces.
o Weathering agents, such as liquid water, wind, plants’ roots, and
ice all work to slowly break rocks down.
V. Erosion
o Erosion is the movement of weathered rocks and minerals to a new
location.
o Erosion can be caused by wind, running water, ice, humans, or
gravity.
o Erosion can occur slowly, as when a rock is moved by a glacier, or
quickly, as when it is moved by a landslide.
VI. Water Cycle
o Evaporation – when liquid water gets enough heat energy to
become water vapor
o Condensation – when water vapor begins to cool and form clouds,
fog, or dew
o Precipitation – when condensed water falls from the sky as rain
(liquid water), snow (frozen crystals), sleet (a mix of rain and ice), or
hail (balls of ice)
o Infiltration – when precipitation hits the earth and seeps into the soil
and goes underground
o Run-off – when precipitation hits the earth and stays on the surface,
running into larger bodies of water
o Water evaporates (or boils) at 100 degrees Celsius or 212 degrees
Fahrenheit
o Water freezes/melts at 0 degrees Celsius or 32 degrees Fahrenheit
o Water can be a liquid, solid, or gas
VII. Weather
o Weaterh is particular to a specific time and place.
o Components of weather: (1) temperature (2) precipitation (3) wind
speed, (4) wind direction, and (5) humidity (or moisture in the air)
VIII. Climate
o Climate is the average weather conditions in a place or region and
is determined over a long period of time
IX. Astronomy Review–Yes! Just because you’ve already been tested on it
doesn’t mean you should forget it!
o Identify the 8 moon phases
o Know the 8 planets and their order from the sun
o Understand rotation and how it causes night and day
o Understand revolution and how one revolution equals a year
o Explain why we have seasons
TEST FORMAT
-Draw, label the 5 stages of the water cycle.
-Label a rock cycle diagram
-Multiple choice (MCAS style questions)
-Matching definitions
-Fill in the blank
-Short Answer
-Open response