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Name _______________________________ Teacher _________________ Date __________ Lesson 5.2 Grading Plants Unit Posttest At this point, students can be held accountable for correct answers. Level 4 (correct) responses to the questions are in blue bold italics below. There are also comments about responses you are likely to see from students, which are designed to help you connect these questions to Activities in the Units in blue italics. 1. Answer these questions about what happens when a plant grows. Do you think that materials (solids, Do you think that energy is going into liquids, or gases) are going into the the plant? (circle one answer below) plant? (circle one answer below) Yes No I’m not sure Yes No I’m not sure What materials do you think are going What forms of energy do you think are into the plant? going into the plant? Carbon dioxide, oxygen, water, Light energy. Level 2 or 3 students may minerals from the soil. Level 2 and 3 answer this question by writing names of students may suggest that light is a materials (e.g., air). “material” and suggest that this goes into the plant as well. Do you think that the plant is making Do you think that the plant is materials as it grows? (circle one answer) transforming energy as it grows? (circle one answer below) Yes No I’m not sure Yes No I’m not sure What materials do you think the What forms of energy do you think are growing plant is made of? stored inside the growing plant? Carbon dioxide, oxygen, water. Level 3 Heat energy. Level 2 students might Plants Unit, Lesson 5, Activity 2 Environmental Literacy Project Michigan State University and 2 students may not recognize that suggest that plants need energy to live plants release CO2 and water in addition and grow, avoiding providing a form of to oxygen. energy. How do you think that materials are How do you think that energy is changing inside the plant? changing inside the plant? The carbon atoms from CO2 molecules Light energy from the sun is taken into are used to build glucose during the plant during photosynthesis and photosynthesis. Glucose is used to stored in the C-H and C-C bonds of form larger organic molecules called glucose during photosynthesis. This polymers (starch, carbohydrate, fats, chemical energy can either be stored in proteins) during biosynthesis. The organic molecules, or released as heat atoms from glucose are used to build energy during cellular respiration. Level CO2 and water during respiration. Level 3 students may not have a complete 3 students might suggest that the plant story about energy at this point, or they takes in carbon dioxide and gives off might suggest that energy turns into oxygen, or that the materials are burned matter. Level 2 students might suggest off or turned into energy. Level 2 that the plant needs energy to grow. students might suggest that the materials are helping the plant grow. What are you not sure about in your answers? Explain what you need to know to answer these questions better. Level 4 students and some Level 3 students will be able to identify gaps in their own knowledge. This may be more challenging for some Level 3 and most Level 2 students. The Three Questions Framework applied to the inquiry investigation and the molecular modeling activity will help students answer all the above questions. 2. Grass needs energy to live and grow. How does it get its energy? Which of the following statements is true? Circle the letter of the correct answer. Plants Unit, Lesson 5, Activity 2 Environmental Literacy Project Michigan State University 2 a. ALL of the grass’s energy came originally from sources outside the plant, OR b. SOME of the grass’s energy was made by the plant as it grew. Circle the best choice to complete each of the statements about possible sources of energy from outside the grass. How much of the grass’s energy come from the AIR? All or most Some None How much of the grass’s energy come from the All or Some None SUNLIGHT? most How much of the grass’s energy come from the WATER? All or most Some None How much of the grass’s energy come from the SOIL All or most Some None NUTRIENTS? Explain your choices. How does the grass get its energy? Grass gets its energy from the sun. This comes in the form of light energy and is transformed to chemical energy in the plant during photosynthesis. The energy is stored in high energy C-H and C-C bonds in organic molecules in the plant’s body. 3. Like all materials, the wood of a large oak tree is made of atoms. There were some atoms in the original acorn that the oak tree grew from. Where do you think the additional atoms came from? Circle the letter of the correct answer: a. ALL of the additional atoms were originally outside the tree, OR b. SOME of the additional atoms were made by the tree as it grew. Circle the best choice to complete each of the statements about possible sources of mass from outside the tree. How much of the dry mass comes from the AIR? All or Some None most Plants Unit, Lesson 5, Activity 2 Environmental Literacy Project Michigan State University 3 How much of the dry mass comes from SUNLIGHT? All or most Some None How much of the dry mass comes from WATER? All or most Some None How much of the dry mass comes from SOIL All or most Some None NUTRIENTS? Explain your choices. How does the oak tree gain mass as it grows? The majority of a plant’s mass comes from CO2 it takes from the air. During photosynthesis, the carbon is transformed from CO2 into organic molecules that are used to build the mass of the plant. A very small, trace amount of the plant’s mass comes from nutrients in the soil, but most of the mass comes from the air. 4. When a tree is alive it has energy stored in its living parts (roots, trunk, branches and green leaves). When the tree dies all the parts are still there (including fallen brown leaves). How much of the energy stored in the living tree is still there in the dead tree? a. ALL of the energy b. MOST of the energy c. SOME of the energy d. A LITTLE of the energy e. NONE of the energy Explain your answer. What kinds of energy are stored in the living tree? Where did they come from? The tree stores chemical potential energy in the bonds of the organic molecules in the leaves, trunk, and roots of the tree. This energy remains in the dead tree until decomposition occurs and the decomposers release the energy as heat during cellular respiration. Plants Unit, Lesson 5, Activity 2 Environmental Literacy Project Michigan State University 4 What kinds of energy are stored in the dead tree (if any)? How are they connected to the energy in the living tree? Potential chemical energy is stored in the bonds of the organic molecules that make up the mass of the tree. This is the same energy that was stored in the living tree. 5. Answer these true-false questions: True False Carbon is a kind of atom. True False Carbon is a kind of molecule. True False There is carbon in a tree’s leaves. True False There is carbon in a tree’s roots. True False There is carbon in the wood of a tree’s trunk. Plants Unit, Lesson 5, Activity 2 Environmental Literacy Project Michigan State University 5