Download gcse year 10 revisio..

GCSE YEAR 10 REVISION
1. As a result of adopting an active lifestyle an individual may improve aspects of health-related exercise.
Which of the following is not an aspect of health-related exercise? (1)
A Cardiovascular endurance
B Muscular strength
C Power
D Muscular endurance
2. Which of the following is a test of power? (1)
A Sergeant Jump test
B Cooper’s 12-minute run test
C 30-metre sprint test
D Harvard Step Test
3. Planning what and when you eat is an important part of leading a healthy, active lifestyle. Which of the
following would be the most appropriate amount of time to leave before exercising after a large meal?
(1)
A No need to wait as the food will provide essential energy
B Five minutes
C Half an hour
D Two hours
4. Which of the following performers would consider an ‘ectomorph’ somatotype to be the most
appropriate body type for their activity? (1)
A Shot putter
B 400m runner
C 200m runner
D High jumper
5. If an individual had high levels of low density lipoprotein (LDL ‘bad’ cholesterol), which of the following
should he/she avoid in order to improve his/her health? (1)
A Foods high in unsaturated fats (e.g. sunflower oil, nuts)
B Foods high in soluble fibre
C Foods high in saturated fat (e.g. butter, crisps)
D Moderate exercise
6. Which of the following is a long-term effect of participation in exercise and physical activity on the
respiratory system? (1)
A Increase in blood flow to the lungs
B Increase in oxygen debt
C Increase in vital capacity
D Increase in breathing rate
7. Which one of the following muscles is contracting to allow the cyclist in Figure 1 to flex his leg at the
knee?
A Trapezius
B Hamstrings
C Gastrocnemius
D Quadriceps
8. In order for the gymnast to achieve and maintain the position in Figure 2 he needs to have strong
bones. Which of the following nutrients is essential in the diet for bone strength?
A Protein
B Vitamin C
C Carbohydrate
D Vitamin D
9. Which one of the following would be most important to a rower 8 minutes into a 12-minute race?(1)
A Muscular strength
B Muscular endurance
C Flexibility
D Body composition
10. Which one of the following statements is false? (1)
A The components of the FITT principle are Frequency, Interval, Time, Type
B The FITT principle overlaps with the principle of Specificity
C Reversibility can result in a drop in fitness levels
D The principle of Individual Differences considers the needs of the individual rather than just the sport
11. Which one of the following statements is true? (1)
A There is no need to wait to exercise after eating a large meal
B During exercise blood is redistributed away from the muscles being used
C The amount of exercise, work and rest has no impact on personal health
D Blood shunting is the term used to describe the redistribution of blood during exercise
12. Which one of the following statements correctly defines the term cardiac output? (1)
A Heart rate ÷ stroke volume = cardiac output
B Cardiac output = heart rate – stroke volume
C Cardiac output = heart rate x stroke volume
D Stroke volume x vital capacity = cardiac output
13. Which one of the following statements accurately explains an effect of smoking on the respiratory
system? (1)
A Cigarette smoke increases the amount of oxygen carried in the blood by haemoglobin
B Sprinters who smoke notice a greater effect on their performance than endurance athletes who smoke
C If a performer is a heavy smoker it will slow their recovery whatever their event
D Oxygen supply to the body is not affected by smoking
14. Which one of the following statements correctly explains the term isometric? (1)
A An isometric muscle contraction does not result in movement
B A gymnast running across the floor towards the vault is using isometric muscle contractions
C A swimmer using her leg muscles to ‘explode’ from the blocks when the whistle blows uses isometric
contractions
D An isometric muscle contraction is less strenuous than an isotonic contraction. This means the muscle can
continue to work for longer.
15. Which one of the following statements is correct? (1)
A Flexion, extension and abduction are all possible at the shoulder
B Tennis elbow, badminton elbow and athletes ankle are all types of joint injury
C Flexion, extension and abduction are all possible at the knee
D Compound, greenstick and brownstick are all types of fracture
16. Which one of the following methods of training is least likely to improve both aerobic and anaerobic
fitness?
A. Circuit
B. Fartlek
C. Cross
D. Weight
17. Which one of the following performers relies most heavily on a high level of cardiovascular fitness for
success?
A. 200m runner
B. 400m runner
C. 800m runner
D. 1500m runner
18. Which one of the following nutrients should form the largest proportion of our diet?
A. Vitamins
B. Fats
C. Proteins
D. Carbohydrates
19. Which one of the following is not an effect of alcohol on the body?
A. Reduced tension
B. Reduced concentration
C. Slower reflexes
D. Improved reaction time
20. Which one of the following is not an effect of smoking on the respiratory system?
A. High blood pressure
B. Emphysema
C. Bronchitis
D. Lung Cancer
21. Which one of the following is the correct statement about muscle action and antagonistic pairs?
A. When a muscle contracts it pushes a bone, for example, the biceps and triceps
B. Movement is brought about through antagonistic pairs, for example, the pectorals and abdominals
C. Muscles are arranged in pairs, for example, the hamstrings and quadriceps
D. When one muscle contracts the other relaxes to bring about movement, for example the trapezius and
latissimus dorsi.
22. Which statement correctly identifies the effect of calcium on the skeletal system?
A. Keeps the skeleton free from the disease
B. Gives the skeleton strength
C. Provides the skeleton with energy
D. Assists the skeleton in the production of red blood cells
23. Fitness requirements vary for different activities. The performers in Figures 3 and 4 need power, muscular
endurance, strength and cardiovascular fitness for their activity, but the importance of each component
varies depending on the activity. In the table:
• identify the two most important components for each performer (select from: power, muscular endurance,
strength and cardiovascular fitness) (4)
• explain how your first chosen component for each performer is used in his/her activity. (2)
Important component used
by performer
Choice 1
Choice 2
Important component used
by performer
Choice 2
Choice 2
How first chosen
component (Choice 1)
for each performer is used
in his/her activity
24. Diet and rest are two important factors to consider when planning for a healthy, active lifestyle. How may
diet and rest influence personal health?
(i) Diet (1)
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(ii) Rest (1)
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(b) Why do you need to consider what you eat if you exercise regularly? (1)
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25. Although not illegal, smoking can have dangerous side effects on the body.
In the table:
• Name the two body systems that can be seriously damaged by cigarette smoke (2)
• State a health risk associated with smoking for each of these systems. (2)
Body system damaged by smoking
Health risk associated with smoking
for this system

Apart from the obvious health risks, why are sports performers advised not to smoke? (1)
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26. An oxygen debt can occur when working hard during physical activity. Explain the term ‘oxygen debt’. (3)
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27. The skeletal system has a very important role to play in allowing us to lead a healthy, active lifestyle. Give
two examples to demonstrate how the role of the skeleton helps us to be active. (2)
1.....................................................................................................................................................................................
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2.....................................................................................................................................................................................
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28. (a) Name the muscle that contracts in order to flex the arm at the elbow. (1)
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(b) Name the joint action occurring at the shoulder as the arm moves away from the mid-line of the body.
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29. Identify three components of skill-related fitness that would be relevant to all the performers in Figure 1.
Component 1………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Component 2…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
Component 3…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
30. Explain the requirements of a balanced diet. (4)
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31. The performers in Figure 3 have the same body type (somatotype).
POLE VAULTER
LONG DISTANCE RUNNER
Name the body type of the performers in Figure 3. (1)
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Describe a characteristic of this body type. (1)
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Give one advantage of this body type for:
(i) The pole vaulter (1)
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(ii) The long distance runner. (1)
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32. The performers in Figure 3 will have a different optimum weight compared to performers in other athletic
activities such as sprinting and shot put. State two factors that will cause optimum weight to vary
between individuals competing in the same event. (2)
1.
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2.
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33. Diet and rest need to be considered when planning a healthy, active lifestyle. Describe the impact of diet
and rest on the cardiovascular system.
(i)
Impact of diet on the cardiovascular system. (3)
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(ii)
Impact of rest on the cardiovascular system. (2)
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34. The following statements are effects of participation in exercise and physical activity on the
cardiovascular system. State whether the effect is immediate or long term.
Increased heart rate.................................................................................................................................
Increased cardiac output..........................................................................................................................
Increased maximum cardiac output..........................................................................................................
35. Oxygen debt can occur as a result of exercise.
(a) State whether oxygen debt occurs as a result of aerobic or anaerobic respiration. (1)
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(b) When is oxygen debt ‘paid back’? (1)
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(c) Give an example of when the following performers would experience oxygen debt in their activity.
(i) A runner in a 1500 metres race. (1)
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(ii) A player in a game of tennis. (1)
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(iii) A boxer in a boxing match. (1)
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36. Complete the statements below by identifying which muscles are contracting to allow the gymnast in
Figure 4 to achieve the described actions.
(a) Keeping the arm straight at the elbow. (1)
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(b) Keeping the leg straight at the knee. (1)
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(c) Moving the arms away from the mid-line of the body. (1)
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(d) Pointing the toes. (1)
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37. identify three functions of the skeletal system in use during physical activity (3)
38. Give one example of how each function is used during a game of basketball. (3)
Function of the skeletal system during
physical activity
Example of use during a basketball game
39. Health related exercise demands can vary within sporting activities. For a named activity of your choice,
identify a different situation or technique when the stated components, listed below, would be used in
this activity.
Name of activity………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
a. Muscular Strength: (1)
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b. Muscular Endurance: (1)
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C. Flexibility: (1)
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40. When setting goals to plan involvement in physical activity it is important to apply the principles of
SMART targets. The statements below are all examples of year 10 students SMART targets.
A. I need to take 60 seconds off my 3000m time as soon as possible
B. I want to improve by one lap in the cooper run test within the next month
C. I will complete a two mile run in under 10 minutes
I.
Apart from specific which principle of SMART target setting have all three year 10 students applied? (1)
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II.
Explain which of the year 10 targets, above, would be considered to be the most effective target for a
performer. (3)
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41. Explain why the target heart rate zone for a 20 year old is different to that suggested for a 40 year old. (3)
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42. Our heart rate will vary depending on whether we are physically resting, working or recovering. Explain
why resting heart rate is lower than recovery heart rate. (3)
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43. Explain the importance of micronutrients in maintaining a healthy active lifestyle. (2)
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44. Complete the equation that is used to calculate the amount of blood ejected from the heart per minute.
…………………………………………=Heart Rate X …………………………………………….
45. Blood pressure can be used to help monitor the health of an individual. A normal blood pressure reading
would be 120/80. The 120 represents systolic blood pressure. Name the other blood pressure
represented in this reading. ……………………………………………….. (1)
46. Explain the immediate effect of exercise on blood pressure (2)
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47. As soon as start to exercise our breathing rate and depth of breathing increases. Explain two reasons why
the respiratory system responds in this way when beginning exercise. (4)
Explanation 1: ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………....................
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Explanation 2: ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….................
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48. Explain how the respiratory system helps the body to recover from the oxygen debt after exercise. (3)
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49. Several muscles are listed in the table below. Using the muscles in the table, match the correct muscle to
the stated action in each of the following statements.
abdominals
triceps
gastrocnemius
gluteals
Latissimus dorsi
pectorals
quadriceps
trapezius
a. Moves the thigh backward at the hip (hip extension)………………………………………………………………… (1)
b. Moves the upper arm back and inwards towards the body……………………………………………………….. (1)
c. Adducts the upper arm at the shoulder…………………………………………………………………………………….. (1)
50. The following are two training adaptations, muscular hypertrophy and increased bone density.
a. Identify the method of training that is most likely to cause muscular hypertrophy (1)
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b. Identify an exercise activity that will result in an increase in bone density. (1)
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51. Complete the following statements about hinge joints.
a. The range of movement at a hinge joint is ………………………….. to ………………………………… (1)
b. The…………………………….. is an example of a hinge joint in the body (1)
c. Give a specific sporting action where the range of movement is used at this joint (1)
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52. Imran plays for the school football team. At the start of the season the team undergo a series of fitness
tests. In the table below:
• tick the most relevant fitness test for a football player (not goalkeeper) (1)
• explain why this fitness test is relevant to Imran. (1)
Tick most
relevant
fitness test for
football player
Explanation why this fitness test is relevant to
football player
Illinois Agility Run
Hand grip strength test
Standing Stork test
53. Rob and Imran make sure their training matches the needs of their activity. Which principle of training
does this relate to? (1)……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
54. Some training methods can be adapted to suit different activities. In the table below:
• name a training method that Rob and Imran could both use for their activity (1)
• explain how each boy would adapt this training method to suit his own activity. (2)
Training method that can be
used by both boys
How training method would be
adapted by Rob
(Cross-country runner)
How training method would be
adapted by Imran (Footballer)
55. Both activities require the boys to work aerobically and anaerobically. For each of the following
statements, state whether the activity is aerobic or anaerobic.
(i) Rob kept a steady pace for the first mile and a half of the race. (1)
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(ii) At one point near the end of the race Rob had to sprint to prevent the runner behind overtaking him
and going into the lead. (1)
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(iii) During the fifth minute of the game Imran had a chance to score a goal, he struck the ball hard and
gave his team an early lead. (1)
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(iv) In the second half of the game Imran spent a lot of time slowly jogging back into position. (1)
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56. Both boys were encouraged by their teachers to set SMART targets to help them improve their
performance in their activities.
(i) Give two reasons why target setting could help improve performance. (2)
Reason 1
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Reason 2
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(ii) Give an example of a measureable target for Rob.(1)
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