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Year 7 PE Theory – Term 2
Components of Fitness
• There are 5 Health Related Components of
Fitness.
• Muscular Strength, Flexibility, Body
Composition, Muscular Endurance and
Cardiovascular Endurance.
• There are 6 Skill Related Components of
Fitness.
• Speed, Reaction Time, Power, Agility, Balance
and Coordination.
Muscular Strength - Health
• Is the ability of our
muscle or muscles to
exert maximal force
to move or lift a
resistance.
• Sports where
Strength is needed:
• Rugby e.g. Pushing in
the scrum.
Cardiovascular Endurance - Health
• Is the ability to
sustain movement or
effort over a period
of time without tiring
• Sports where
Cardiovascular
Endurance is needed:
• Athletics e.g. 1500 m
running.
Muscular Endurance - Health
• Is the ability of the
muscle or muscles to
sustain powerful
muscular contractions
over a prolonged
period of time without
tiring.
• Sports where Muscular
Endurance is needed:
• Cycling e.g. Time Trial
Flexibility - Health
• Flexibility is the range of
movement possible at a
joint.
• It can improve
performance and reduces
a participant’s chance of
becoming injured.
• Sports where Muscular
Endurance is needed:
• Gymnastics e.g. Balance
Beam
Body Composition - Health
• Is the relative percentage of muscle, fat and
bone that a person has.
• It can provide a measure of body composition
linked to body shape and muscularity which is
called somatotyping.
Body Composition
• Ectomorphs - narrow-shaped body, with little
fat or muscle.
• This is the ideal body type for long-distance
runners.
Body Composition
• Mesomorphs - wedge-shaped body, wide
shoulders, narrow hips, muscular.
• This is the ideal body type for sprinters.
Body Composition
• Endomorphs - pear-shaped body, wide hips,
wide shoulders, can have a lot fat on body,
arms and thighs.
• When fit, this is the ideal body type for
weightlifting and sumo wrestling.
Speed - Skill
• SPEED is the
maximum rate at
which a person can
move his / her body or
a specific body part.
• Sports where Speed is
needed:
• Football e.g. sprinting
with the ball.
Reaction Time - Skill
• Reaction Time is time
it takes to respond to a
stimulus.
• Sports where Reaction
Time is needed:
• Athletics e.g. 100 m
Sprint at the start of
the race when the gun
goes off.
Balance - Skill
• Balance is the ability
to hold a position
still.
• Sports where Balance
is needed:
• Gymnastics e.g. On
the balance beam.
Coordination - Skill
• Coordination is the
ability to use two or
more body parts
together.
• Sports where
Coordination is
needed:
• Cricket e.g. To hit the
ball with the bat.
Power - Skill
• Power is the ability to
undertake strength
performances quickly.
• Sports where Power
is needed:
• Athletics e.g. When
taking off in Long
Jump or Triple Jump.
Agility - Skill
• Agility is the ability
to change direction
quickly.
• Sports where Agility
is needed:
• Football e.g.
Changing direction
when dribbling with
the ball.