Download Post PPE Support - Stratford School Academy

KNOWLEDGE
Developing Statements
THE
QUESTION
Whether it’s 2 or 6 marks!
Demonstrating you’re not Simple
They could use continuous training… because the increased time they are exercising for will
increase their cardiovascular performance.
Digging for a Second time
I know a sprinter could use the Method of Training – Interval Training to develop speed… but I
also know they could use Weight Training to develop power as well.
Definitions need to have Supporting content
Cardiac Output is the amount of blood ejected by the heart each minute… the more blood we
can pump around our body in a minute, the more oxygen we can supply to working muscle and
more carbon dioxide we can remove. Helping a performer work for longer, at a higher intensity
with less fatigue.
Displaying Sporting examples
Weight training would be useful for a Javelin Thrower… because they could lift increasingly
heavier weights. For example improving their bench press from 80kgs to 90kgs. Allowing them to
release the javelin with greater force and therefore throwing a longer distance in competition.
Different categories principles of training,
goal setting, methods of training
PRINCIPLES OF TRAINING
REST AND RECOVERY
The period of time allocated to
recover and time required for
repair of damage to the body
caused by training.
INDIVIDUAL
DIFFERENCE/NEEDS
Matching training to the
requirements of an individual.
SPECIFICITY
Matching training to the
requirements of an activity.
REVERSIBILITY
Any adaptation that takes
place as a consequence of
training will be reversed when
you stop training.
GOAL SETTING
S – SPECIFIC
M – MEASURABLE
A – ACHIEVEABLE
R – REALISTIC
T – TIME BOUND
PROGRESSIVE OVERLOAD
To gradually increase the
amount of overload so that
fitness gains occur, but
without potential for injury.
F – FREQUENCY
I – INTENSITY
T – TIME
T – TYPE
METHODS OF TRAINING
INTERVAL TRAINING
CONTINUOUS TRAINING
FARTLEK TRAINING
CIRCUIT TRAINING
WEIGHT TRAINING
CROSS TRAINING
PUPIL RESPONSE – Zakariyyaa Meza
‘Specificity is training which is specific to the
sport or activity (statement). If you are a
midfielder in football, you are expected to run
the most (example). So a person can base his
training around that. Carrying out continuous
training so he could improve his cardiovascular
fitness (developed statement).’
PUPIL RESPONSE – Aadil Ahmed
‘Progressive overload is gradually increasing the
amount of work you do (statement), if a person
is doing weight training and starts at 10kg and
gradually increases to 15kg (example), this will
allow the muscles to adapt, so that he can move
on (developed statement).’
Describe, explain and apply the principles of progressive
overload; specificity; individual differences/needs; rest and
recovery
RE-TEST
13. Discuss, using examples, how the principles
of training can improve the fitness of a group of
GCSE PE students.
Common Errors: 1. Not knowing the principles
of training or getting mixed up 2. Basic
statements provided but no developed
statements 3. No specific examples given
Understand the potential for muscle injuries through exercise
and physical activity and know common techniques for
treatment
Hypertrophy
Increased size of skeletal
muscle
Atrophy
Decreased size of skeletal
muscle
CARDIAC MUSCLE ALSO GOES
THROUGH HYPERTROPHY AND
ATROPHY
PROGRESSIVE OVERLOAD
REVERSIBILITY
PEOPLE
ROLE MODELS
RESOURCES
PEERS
FAMILY
IMAGE
LOCATION
ACCESS
AVAILABILITY
TIME
HEALTH AND WELL-BEING
HEALTH
PROBLEMS
FASHION
ILLNESS
MEDIA COVERAGE
CULTURE
SOCIO ECONOMIC
RACE
GENDER
STATUS
DISABILITY
AGE
COST
National Governing Bodies and Sport Initiatives
Task 1
Build up a bank of National Governing Bodies (an
organisation that regulates a sport, defining the
way that sport operates) as a table, swapping a
sharing ideas.
Task 2
Write a list of aims you believe our PE department
has when we deliver PE.
E.g. To reduce the chance of our pupils developing
coronary heart disease in later life.
Joint Classification – Hinge Joint
A hinge joint is a common class of synovial joint that
includes the ankle, elbow, and knee joints.
Hinge joints are formed between two or more bones
where the bones can only move along one axis
to flex or extend.
Joint Classification - Pivot
A pivot joint is a type of
synovial joint in which a
circular bone rotates upon the
axis of another bone.
Joint Classification – Ball and Socket
Ball-and-socket joints are a special class of synovial joints that enjoy
the highest freedom of motion in the body thanks to their unique structure.
The shoulder and hip joints are the only ball-and-socket joints in the human body
Two main components make up a ball-and-socket joint:
a bone with a spherical head and a bone with a cup-like socket.
Joint Action
Description
Flexion
Bending a limb at the joint.
Extension
Straightening a limb at a joint.
Abduction
Movement of a limb sideways
away from the centre of the
body.
Adduction
Movement of a limb sideways
towards the centre of the
body.
Rotation
Circular movement around the
joint.
TIMING OF DIETRY INTAKE
Redistribution of Blood Flow
REDISTRIBUTION OF BLOOD FLOW
Vasoconstriction (decreased)or
vasodilation (increased) of blood
vessels to alter rate of blood flow to
control blood flow to different parts
of the body.
SHUNTING
The process which results in the
redistribution of blood flow.
VASOCONSTRICTION
Contraction of the muscular wall to
reduce blood flow through the
vessel.
VASODILATION
Relaxation of the muscular wall to
increase blood throw through the
vessel.
Identify one benefit of living a healthy active lifestyle and give an example of how that
benefit is achieved. (2)
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Identify one of the stages on the participation pyramid and explain the characteristics
of that stage. (3)
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Highlighting two skill related component of fitness. Explain how it supports being an
outstanding performer in one of the following sports; Archery, Badminton or
Sprinting. (4)
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Compare the different methods of training a shot putter would need in comparison to
a 800 meter runner. Making links to the health related and skill related components of
fitness they are trying to develop. (5)
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Discuss the importance of a balanced diet to a performing maintaining good health
and performing at a high level. (6)
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Identify one benefit of living a healthy active lifestyle and give an example of how that
benefit is achieved. (2)
SOCIAL
PHYSICAL
MENTAL
meet friends/learn to cooperate/keeps
out of trouble/way to meet opposite sex
lose weight/muscle definition/improved
fitness/improves health
stress release/improves confidence/like
competition or challenge/good at
it/develops aesthetic appreciation
Identify one of the stages on the participation pyramid and explain the characteristics
of that stage. (3)
FOUNDATION
Introduced to sport/basic
skills
Greatest number of people
at this stage
PARTICIPATION
Choose to take part/not
compulsory/leisure time
Playing competitively but
at a low standard
PERFORMANCE
Skills developed through
coaching
Competing at the higher
divisions of leagues
EXCELLENCE
Highest skill
level/competing at national
or international level
Least number of people at
this stage
Highlighting two skill related component of fitness. Explain how it supports being an
outstanding performer in one of the following sports; Archery, Badminton or
Sprinting. (4)
ARCHERY
Coordination
Balance
BADMINTON
Agility
Power
Speed
Reaction Time
Coordination
Balance
SPRINTING
Speed
Power
Reaction Time
Aiming at target/moving body parts
into position
Remain steady or stable/ensure base of support doesn’t upset aim
Moving side to side/Moving
from front to back
Hitting a smash/serving a
high serve
Getting to the shuttle/Moving feet
quickly
Reacting to the serve/Returning
a smash
Serving in to the corners/Performing a drop shot
over the net
Keeping controlled based of support while on the move
Maintaining speed after start/moving
body parts quickly
Pushing out of the blocks/driving over
the first 10 meters
Responding to the stimulus/gun
Compare the different methods of training a shot putter would need in comparison to
a 800 meter runner. Making links to the health related and skill related components of
fitness they are trying to develop. (5)
SHOT PUTT
Interval Training – For
speed/power
Circuit Training – For muscular
strength
Weight Training – For
muscular strength/power
Health Related
Muscular Strength – To apply
force to the shot
Body Composition – Build
muscle mass
Skill Related
Speed – Move across the circle
quicker
Power – Release the shot with
strength and speed
Balance – Stay in control when
moving across circle
Increase strength/Increase distance/Increase mass
800M
Interval Training – For speed
Continuous Training – For
muscular
endurance/cardiovascular
fitness/body composition
Fartlek Training – For
speed/muscular
endurance/cardiovascular
fitness
Health Related
Muscular Endurance – To
maintain technique at the end
Cardiovascular Fitness – To
keep supplying
oxygen/removing carbon
dioxide and lactic acid
Body Composition – To
minimise weight/less mass
requires less energy to move
Skill Related
Speed – To get in to
advantageous positions during
the race/to sprint in the final
meters
Limit fatigue/Perform for longer/Provide blood flow/Provide Oxygen
Discuss the importance of a balanced diet to a performing maintaining good health
and performing at a high level. (6)
Macronutrients
CARBOHYDRATES
FATS
PROTEIN
Bread/potatoes/rice
Dairy products/fatty
meats/sweets
Meat/fish/eggs
Performance
Energy for work/used during
aerobic/anaerobic activity
Performance
Provide energy/aerobic
activity
Health
Keep body warm
Performance
Muscular
hypertrophy/repairing muscle
tissue
Health
Growth and repair of cells
Micronutrients
VITAMINS AND MINERALS
FIBRE
WATER
Fruit/vegetables
Fruit/vegetables/nuts/
cereal
Most foods/liquids
Performance
Used in chemical reactions in
the body/muscular
contractions
Health
Formation of
tissues/hair/skin/teeth/bones
Health
Aids digestion/Reduces
chances of bowel cancer
Performance
Prevents
dehydration/regulates body
temperature