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Transcript
UGANDA SUSTAINABLE LAND MANAGEMENT PRIORITIES Stephen Muwaya Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Industry and Fisheries International Workshop on Faith-based Sustainable Land Management at the Ankrah Foundation, Mukono, Uganda, 14 October, 2014 5/8/2017 1 Main Causes of Land Degradation in Uganda Capital-deficient unsustainable agriculture Poor farming practices Overgrazing Deforestation Climate Change and Variability / Drought Land Tenure Policy 5/8/2017 2 Land Degradation in Uganda i. ii. iii. iv. 36% of Uganda is affected by severe land degradation & 10% by very severe land degradation Costs of natural resources degradation in the country estimated at 17% of GDP per year Land degradation effects expressed via declining yields, rural poverty, food insecurity, high cost of food etc Highly degraded areas are more prone to the effects of climate change due to loss of resilience 5/8/2017 3 Land degradation in Uganda The poor are increasingly farming marginal areas that are prone to degradation Herdsmen that used to practice transhumance are now required to settle due to pop. dynamics & other concerns Highly degraded areas have lost / reduced resilience (AGBD & BGBD) Highly degraded areas are more prone to effects of climate change 5/8/2017 4 Linking Land Degradation and Attainment of Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) Land degradation directly linked to: MDG1 – Eradicate Extreme Poverty and Hunger – Target 2: halve, between 19902015, the proportion of people who suffer from hunger MDG 7 – Ensure Environmental Sustainability – Target 9: Integrate the principle of sustainable development into country policies and programs and reverse the loss of environmental resources 5/8/2017 5 Justification and Rationale for a Country SLM Investment Framework Land degradation is recognized as a major impediment to development but has not received the desired attention in the development agenda of Uganda. Initiatives to address land degradation are very few, poorly resourced and are implemented in a piecemeal and uncoordinated manner Land degradation is an impediment to attainment of MDGs The urgently needed smallholder productivity revolution in Uganda must be based on a technology change that systematically integrates Sustainable Land Management (SLM) 5/8/2017 6 GOAL of Uganda’s SLM Investment Framework The goal is to promote key sectors cooperation to improve natural resource based livelihoods and ecosystem services. The development objective is to strengthen sector cooperation in order to halt, reverse and prevent land degradation / desertification and to mitigate the effects of climate change and variability. The purpose of the SIF is to upscale SLM practices across sectors programmatically and to avoid duplication across stakeholders and sectors. Tol tap into synergies across sectors and promote sharing of common baselines, knowledge and monitoring and evaluation. 5/8/2017 7 OBJECTIVES of Uganda’s SLM Investment Framework i. ii. iii. iv. to scale up targeted pro-poor on-theground investments in SLM; mainstream SLM in development frameworks and strategies at all levels; improve governance for land management decision making, and improve mutual learning across stakeholders. 5/8/2017 8 MAAIF SIP MTIC SIP MWE SIP MEMD SIP MLHUD SIP SLM Investment Framework is a tool to allow National SLM Committees to coordinate SLM activities as a portfolio. 5/8/2017 9 SLM Country Platforms The Inter-Ministerial National Steering Committee composed of Permanent Secretaries of the five sectors The National Technical Committee (SLM-NTC) composed of technical officers from the five sectors The National SLM Multi-Stakeholder Platform/ Committee The CSO – SLM Network composed of CSOs, etc and led by PELUM (Participatory Ecological Land Use Management) The Faith Based Organizations led by UFNEA 5/8/2017 10 Geographical Focus in Adressing Land Degradation Four land degradation hotspots across the country were identified: 5/8/2017 The Dry Lands / The Cattle Corridor, The Highlands - Southwestern and Eastern Highlands, Eastern and Northern Uganda Lake Victoria Crescent Region, 11 Map of Uganda showing land degradation hotspots 5/8/2017 12 Sector SLM issues Lands Sector Lack / absence of Land Use Plans Lack of support for LGs, investors, and other land users to implement the land use policy and land use plans Land tenure insecurity Poor policy harmonization and implementation 5/8/2017 13 Sector SLM issues b. Trade Sector Weak compliance to market requirements for SLM friendly products Weak SLM-friendly practices within commodity sectors Limited business development skills Limited access to market information Poor knowledge of SLM value added to value chain development Poor policy harmonization and implementation 5/8/2017 14 Sector SLM issues d. Agricultural Sector Limited use of fert. & organic manures leading to Nutrient mining of soils Soil erosion/ limited use of land management practices Poor infrastructure for water for production Under developed early warning system with regard to food security Poor policy harmonization and implementation 5/8/2017 15 Sector SLM issues c. Water and Environment Sector Impacts of climate change and variability; Inadequate early warning systems (short and medium term weather and climate forecasts drought, floods, etc) Deforestation and poor watershed management Poor infrastructure for water for production Poor policy harmonization and implementation 5/8/2017 16 Sector SLM issues e. Energy Sector Unsustainable biomass energy sources management (inefficient utilization, over extraction, losses, etc) Underdeveloped renewable energy sources Poor policy harmonization and implementation 5/8/2017 17 Sector SLM Priorities e. Trade Sector Promotion of trade diversification through SLM Promotion of SLM friendly value chains Promotion of inter-ministerial cooperation on trade development for agricultural and natural product sectors Business skills development Information on markets and requirements Mainstreaming SLM into trade promotion and policy making processes and related implementation plans. 5/8/2017 18 Sector SLM Priorities Agriculture Sector Integrated Nutrient Management including inorganic and organic fertilizers, Biological Nitrogen Fixation, agro-forestry, etc. Soil and water conservation Conservation Agriculture (entailing minimum tillage, cover crops/green manures, judicious crop rotations, etc) Water utilization components e.g. watering structures, irrigation, etc. Development of an early warning system Adaptation to climate change and variability e.g. drought resistant/ early maturing crop varieties, etc. Validation of decision support tools/ crop models Knowledge management and M&E Policy harmonization & implementation (e.g. Land Use Policy) 5/8/2017 19 Sector SLM Priorities b. Water and Environment Sector Adaptation and mitigation to impacts of climate change and variability Establishment of early warning systems (short and medium term weather and climate forecasts drought, floods etc) Water harvesting/ water supply to pastoral communities Watershed management / IWRM, Afforestation, reforestation and agro-forestry 5/8/2017 20 Sector Roles and responsibilities Sector SLM Priorities c. Energy Sector Sustainably managed biomass energy sources (balanced and efficient utilization Developed renewable energy (e.g. gasification for homes and institutions) Improve efficiency in charcoal production & use 5/8/2017 21 Sector SLM Priorities d. Lands Sector Development of land use plans Participatory land use planning (PLUP) Participatory watershed management plans Improved land administration Policy harmonization & implementation (e.g. Land Use Policy) 5/8/2017 22 U-SLM Themes i. ii. iii. iv. v. Supporting on-the-ground activities for scaling up SLM Strengthening the enabling institutional and policy environment for SLM Strengthening commercial and advisory services for SLM and alternative livelihood options Supporting SLM research and dissemination of best-bet technologies and Improving and strengthening SLM knowledge management (KM) and M&E 5/8/2017 23 Roles and responsibilities of CSOs,FBOs Private Sector, Farmer Organizations Implementation of the framework will take place through existing structures The SIF implementation involves an inclusive and integrated approach that takes into account synergies and partnerships between various players in dealing with challenges of SLM in accordance with their comparative advantage. CSOs, FBOs,private sector, farmer organizations have vital roles to play at different levels – most of the activities will be implemented at the grassroots level 5/8/2017 24 Implementation Approach for on the ground action • • • • • • • • Target farming community groups and schools Priority to Women and youth with at least 50% women participation. Identify and empower community initiatives Farmer to farmer mutual learning with emphasis on farmer to farmer visits, field days, community trainers. Stakeholder platforms bringing together – farmers, researchers, private sector, CSOs and extension officers. Finance on ground action through small grants Demonstrations of practices Advocacy through media and drama Initiatives to implement the sustainable land management agenda in Uganda Some SLM Projects under implementation ATAAS Project (GEF/World Bank) SLM Mainstreaming project (Norway - UNDP) SLM Enabling Environment (GEF UNDP) Kagera TAMP (GEF/FAO) Stimulating Community Initiatives in SLM (GEF/UNEP) Climate Smart Agriculture Project( Norway/ DFID/EU COMESA) Sustainable Charcoal Project (GEF/ UNDP) SLM Climate Change Highlands Project GEF – UNDP) 5/8/2017 26 Thank You for Listening 5/8/2017 27