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UGANDA SUSTAINABLE LAND
MANAGEMENT PRIORITIES
Stephen Muwaya
Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Industry and Fisheries
International Workshop on Faith-based Sustainable Land
Management at the Ankrah Foundation, Mukono, Uganda,
14 October, 2014
5/8/2017
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Main Causes of Land Degradation in
Uganda
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Capital-deficient unsustainable agriculture
Poor farming practices
Overgrazing
Deforestation
Climate Change and Variability / Drought
Land Tenure
Policy
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Land Degradation in Uganda
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36% of Uganda is affected by severe land
degradation & 10% by very severe land
degradation
Costs of natural resources degradation in the
country estimated at 17% of GDP per year
Land degradation effects expressed via declining
yields, rural poverty, food insecurity, high cost of
food etc
Highly degraded areas are more prone to the
effects of climate change due to loss of resilience
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Land degradation in Uganda
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The poor are increasingly farming marginal
areas that are prone to degradation
Herdsmen that used to practice
transhumance are now required to settle due
to pop. dynamics & other concerns
Highly degraded areas have lost / reduced
resilience (AGBD & BGBD)
Highly degraded areas are more prone to
effects of climate change
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Linking Land Degradation and Attainment
of Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)
Land degradation directly linked to:
 MDG1 – Eradicate Extreme Poverty and
Hunger – Target 2: halve, between 19902015, the proportion of people who suffer
from hunger
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MDG 7 – Ensure Environmental Sustainability
– Target 9: Integrate the principle of
sustainable development into country policies
and programs and reverse the loss of
environmental resources
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Justification and Rationale for a
Country SLM Investment Framework
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Land degradation is recognized as a major impediment to
development but has not received the desired attention in the
development agenda of Uganda.
Initiatives to address land degradation are very few, poorly
resourced and are implemented in a piecemeal and
uncoordinated manner
Land degradation is an impediment to attainment of MDGs
The urgently needed smallholder productivity revolution
in Uganda must be based on a technology change that
systematically integrates Sustainable Land Management
(SLM)
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GOAL of Uganda’s SLM Investment
Framework
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The goal is to promote key sectors cooperation to improve
natural resource based livelihoods and ecosystem services.
The development objective is to strengthen sector
cooperation in order to halt, reverse and prevent land
degradation / desertification and to mitigate the effects of
climate change and variability.
The purpose of the SIF is to upscale SLM practices across
sectors programmatically and to avoid duplication across
stakeholders and sectors. Tol tap into synergies across sectors
and promote sharing of common baselines, knowledge and
monitoring and evaluation.
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OBJECTIVES of Uganda’s SLM
Investment Framework
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to scale up targeted pro-poor on-theground investments in SLM;
mainstream SLM in development
frameworks and strategies at all levels;
improve governance for land management
decision making, and
improve mutual learning across
stakeholders.
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MAAIF
SIP
MTIC
SIP
MWE
SIP
MEMD
SIP
MLHUD
SIP
SLM Investment Framework is a tool to allow National SLM
Committees to coordinate SLM activities as a portfolio.
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SLM Country Platforms
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The Inter-Ministerial National Steering
Committee composed of Permanent
Secretaries of the five sectors
The National Technical Committee (SLM-NTC)
composed of technical officers from the five
sectors
The National SLM Multi-Stakeholder Platform/
Committee
The CSO – SLM Network composed of CSOs,
etc and led by PELUM (Participatory
Ecological Land Use Management)
The Faith Based Organizations led by UFNEA
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Geographical Focus in Adressing
Land Degradation
Four land degradation hotspots across
the country were identified:
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The Dry Lands / The Cattle Corridor,
The Highlands - Southwestern and Eastern
Highlands,
Eastern and Northern Uganda
Lake Victoria Crescent Region,
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Map of Uganda showing land degradation
hotspots
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Sector SLM issues
Lands Sector
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Lack / absence of Land Use Plans
Lack of support for LGs, investors, and other land
users to implement the land use policy and land
use plans
Land tenure insecurity
Poor policy harmonization and implementation
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Sector SLM issues
b. Trade Sector
 Weak compliance to market requirements for SLM
friendly products
 Weak SLM-friendly practices within commodity
sectors
 Limited business development skills
 Limited access to market information
 Poor knowledge of SLM value added to value chain
development
 Poor policy harmonization and implementation
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Sector SLM issues
d. Agricultural Sector
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Limited use of fert. & organic manures leading to
Nutrient mining of soils
Soil erosion/ limited use of land management
practices
Poor infrastructure for water for production
Under developed early warning system with regard to
food security
Poor policy harmonization and implementation
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Sector SLM issues
c. Water and Environment Sector
 Impacts of climate change and variability;
 Inadequate early warning systems (short and
medium term weather and climate forecasts drought, floods, etc)
 Deforestation and poor watershed management
 Poor infrastructure for water for production
 Poor policy harmonization and implementation
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Sector SLM issues
e. Energy Sector
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Unsustainable biomass energy sources management
(inefficient utilization, over extraction, losses, etc)
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Underdeveloped renewable energy sources
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Poor policy harmonization and implementation
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Sector SLM Priorities
e. Trade Sector
 Promotion of trade diversification through SLM
 Promotion of SLM friendly value chains
 Promotion of inter-ministerial cooperation on trade
development for agricultural and natural product
sectors
 Business skills development
 Information on markets and requirements
 Mainstreaming SLM into trade promotion and policy
making processes and related implementation plans.
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Sector SLM Priorities
Agriculture Sector
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Integrated Nutrient Management including inorganic and
organic fertilizers, Biological Nitrogen Fixation, agro-forestry,
etc.
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Soil and water conservation
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Conservation Agriculture (entailing minimum tillage, cover
crops/green manures, judicious crop rotations, etc)
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Water utilization components e.g. watering structures,
irrigation, etc.
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Development of an early warning system
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Adaptation to climate change and variability e.g. drought
resistant/ early maturing crop varieties, etc.
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Validation of decision support tools/ crop models
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Knowledge management and M&E
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Policy harmonization & implementation (e.g. Land Use Policy)
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Sector SLM Priorities
b. Water and Environment Sector
 Adaptation and mitigation to impacts of climate
change and variability
 Establishment of early warning systems (short and
medium term weather and climate forecasts drought, floods etc)
 Water harvesting/ water supply to pastoral
communities
 Watershed management / IWRM,
 Afforestation, reforestation and agro-forestry
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Sector Roles and responsibilities
Sector SLM Priorities
c. Energy Sector
 Sustainably managed biomass energy sources
(balanced and efficient utilization
 Developed renewable energy (e.g.
gasification for homes and institutions)
 Improve efficiency in charcoal production &
use
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Sector SLM Priorities
d. Lands Sector
 Development of land use plans
 Participatory land use planning (PLUP)
 Participatory watershed management plans
 Improved land administration
 Policy harmonization & implementation (e.g.
Land Use Policy)
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U-SLM Themes
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Supporting on-the-ground activities for scaling up
SLM
Strengthening the enabling institutional and policy
environment for SLM
Strengthening commercial and advisory
services for SLM and alternative livelihood
options
Supporting SLM research and dissemination of
best-bet technologies and
Improving and strengthening SLM knowledge
management (KM) and M&E
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Roles and responsibilities of
CSOs,FBOs Private Sector, Farmer
Organizations
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Implementation of the framework will take place
through existing structures
The SIF implementation involves an inclusive and
integrated approach that takes into account
synergies and partnerships between various players
in dealing with challenges of SLM in accordance with
their comparative advantage.
CSOs, FBOs,private sector, farmer organizations have
vital roles to play at different levels – most of the
activities will be implemented at the grassroots level
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Implementation Approach for on the
ground action
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Target farming community groups and schools
Priority to Women and youth with at least 50%
women participation.
Identify and empower community initiatives
Farmer to farmer mutual learning with emphasis on
farmer to farmer visits, field days, community trainers.
Stakeholder platforms bringing together – farmers,
researchers, private sector, CSOs and extension
officers.
Finance on ground action through small grants
Demonstrations of practices
Advocacy through media and drama
Initiatives to implement the
sustainable land management
agenda in Uganda
Some SLM Projects under implementation
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ATAAS Project (GEF/World Bank)
SLM Mainstreaming project (Norway - UNDP)
SLM Enabling Environment (GEF UNDP)
Kagera TAMP (GEF/FAO)
Stimulating Community Initiatives in SLM (GEF/UNEP)
Climate Smart Agriculture Project( Norway/ DFID/EU
COMESA)
Sustainable Charcoal Project (GEF/ UNDP)
SLM Climate Change Highlands Project GEF – UNDP)
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Thank You for Listening
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