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Module 1 Study Guide
Directions: Complete the Pretest! Then, complete this study guide as you are completing your
lessons and assignments. Remember, this study guide does not count for a grade. It is to help
you understand the module and prepare for your Discussion Based Assessment.
Lesson 1.01 Set the Stage
1. Name three challenges that emperors faced when the borders of their empires expanded:
Match the important events of the Roman Empire:
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
____ 1000 BCE
____ 509 BCE
____ 275 BCE
____ 264 BCE-146 BCE
____ 58-51 BCE
____ 44 BCE
____ 27 BCE
____ 200 CE
a. Roman empire controls Italian Peninsula
b. Punic Wars
c. Julius Caesar conquers Western Europe
d. Rome is founded
e. Rome sets up Republic
f. Roman Empire reaches height of its power
g. Augustus takes control of Rome
h. Julius Caesar assassinated.
10. Describe two reasons for why the Roman Empire split into eastern and western parts.
Match the city with its importance to the Byzantine Empire
11. ____ Antioch
a. government center of Italian territory
12.
____ Alexandria
b. capital of Sicily
13.
____ Ravenna
c. religious center
14.
____ Syracuse
d. government center or Eastern territory
List the places that the following empires controlled.
15. The Persian empire controlled...
16. The Roman Empire controlled...
17. The Byzantine Empire controlled...
18. The Ottoman Empire controlled...
Lesson 1.02 Monotheistic Religions
Abraham
Imam
Jesus Christ
Church, Cathedral
Synagogue
Word Bank
Sunni and Shi’a
Church of the Nativity
Moses
Reform, Conservative, and Orthodox
Mosque
Temple Mount
Torah
Kaaba
Rabbi
Afterlife
One God
Bible
Pope
Priest
Not yet come
Original Sin
Fill in this chart using terms from the word bank
Judaism
Prophets
Messiah
Holy Book
House of Worship
Religious Leaders
Holy Sites
Sects
Basic Beliefs
Christianity
Islam
1.03: The Expansion of Islam
Directions: while reading the lesson, fill in the blanks with key terms.
This lesson explores the __________________ or spread, of the __________________ faith
from its beginnings in the seventh century to today. Although the largest numbers of Muslims
live in ___________, ____________, and __________________ followers of the Islamic faith
make up sizable minority groups in Europe and in North America. Muhammad had been
preaching the ____________ given him by the angel Gabriel in ____________. His teachings
emphasized the belief in and ____________ to a single god. Islam means: ____________ to the
will of God. A ____________ is someone one who submits to the will of God. From the time of
____________, Arab merchants carried their ____________ beliefs with them and shared them
with the people with whom they traded. Through ____________ and ____________ trade, Islam
reached into North, Sub-Saharan, and East ____________, as well as across Southwest and
Central ____________. In 632, ____________ ____________ without leaving a clear plan for
how newly united Arabia should be ruled. Followers of Islam split into ____________ factions
over the issue of ____________: the ____________Muslims and the ____________ Muslims. In
the ____________ ____________, there were four social classes. Not only did ____________
impact the Mediterranean area and the Middle East, its influence reached ____________ and
parts of ____________ ____________. Although the Islamic empires in India did not
____________, the Islamic religion remains a ____________ ____________ among people in
the region today. The help of a ____________ ____________, universal banking system, and
common language – ____________, contributed to unifying the empire both politically and
economically.
Match the city with the country it is in.
City:
_______ Granada
_______ Mogadishu
_______ Tangier
_______ Timbuktu
_______ Cairo
_______ Constantinople
_______ Tabriz
_______ Baghdad
_______ Jerusalem
_______ Aden
Country:
a. Israel
b. Mali
c. Somalia
d. Iraq
e. Spain
f. Turkey
g. Morocco
h. Yemen
i. Iran
j. Egypt
1.04 The Golden Age of Islam
Directions: After reading module 1.04, list 4 achievements of the Golden Age of Islam:
1. Economic Achievement (relates to money and trade)
2. Intellectual Achievement (relates to Arts and Architecture, education, philosophies, writing
systems)
3. Political (relates to government)
4. Social (relates to Gender roles, family, race, ethnicity, social and economic class)
1.05 The Byzantines
Directions: while reading the lesson, fill in the blanks with key terms.
The Roman Empire had stretched so large by the fourth century CE that it had several provincial
________________. The two most important political centers were ________________ in the
________________ and ________________ in the ________________, which had formerly
been called ________________. With ________________ the Great's support,
________________ had become the official ________________ of the Roman Empire by the
end of the fourth century CE. Latin was the official ________________ of the Roman Empire,
but more people spoke ________________ in the ________________. In the Byzantine Empire,
the highest ________________ authority and highest ________________ authority was the
________________ person. However, in the ________________, kings and church leaders were
________________, though kings answered to the ________________. In the eighth and ninth
centuries, the Byzantine Empire is probably most famous for the ________________
________________. The pope and bishops in the West ________________. the use of icons, as
did most Byzantine bishops.
The use of ________________ as religious symbols was not the only issue dividing the
________________ and ________________ churches. One was the use of ________________
instead of unleavened bread in worship. Another issue was the power of the ________________,
who saw the position of the emperor over the ________________ in the East as a challenge to
his own authority. This event marks the ________________ ________________, or split, in
________________ between East and West. The Church in the ________________ became the
Roman ________________ Church. The Eastern ________________ Church continued to grow
in the East, based in ________________. St. ________________ was talented in learning
languages and worked to create the first written ________________ for the Slavonic
________________.
1.06 Byzantine Empire: Achievement and Expansion: Objectives
1. Describe three ways Emperor Constantine contributed to the Byzantine Empire:
a.
b.
c.
2. Describe three ways Constantinople's Location Contribute to Trade:
a.
b.
c.
3. What is the Hagia Sophia?
4. What were the 3 classes of the Byzantine Empire?
a.
b.
c.
5. Describe 3 characteristics of Byzantine Culture:
a.
b.
c.
6. Who was Justinian I?
7. What are the two principles of the Justinian Code?
01.07 Collapse of an Empire
In 2-3 sentences, explain how each of the following categories contributed to the fall of the
Byzantine Empire:
Political:
Military:
Macedonian Dynasty
Crusades
Ottoman Turks
In 1-2 sentences, describe each aspect of the Ottoman Empire’s culture:
Religion:
Role of Women:
Social Classes:
Byzantine Influence:
Vocabulary Terms
1. Abraham: a Mesopotamian man who lived around 1800 BCE and is believed to be the
patriarch of the three major monotheistic religions. Alexandria: a religious center of the
Byzantine Empire
2. Abbasid Caliphate: It became the second major Islamic dynasty.
3. Antioch: the government center of the far eastern Byzantine Empire
4. Bedouin: an Arab ethnic group that largely lives a nomadic or seminomadic life in the deserts
of Southwest Asia and North Africa and whose people are generally organized into tribes or
clans
5. Bible: Holy book of Christianity.
6. Bureaucracy: a group of officials and other workers who take care of the daily business of
government
7. Burqa: An outer garment worn by women in public in Islamic cultures
8. Byzantine Empire: Eastern half of the Roman Empire. Capital city was Constantinople
(Istanbul). Lasted from 300s C.E. to 1453 C.E.
9. Canaan: Biblical or ancient name for the lands of modern Israel that lie between the Jordan
River and the Mediterranean Sea
10.
Constantine I: Roman emperor who ruled from 306 CE to 337 CE. He was the first
Roman emperor to convert to Christianity, and he established Christianity as the empire's
religion; he also moved the Roman capital from Rome to Constantinople
11.
Constantinople: noun. The former name of the city of Istanbul, Turkey.
12.
Continent: noun. One of the main landmasses of the globe, usually reckoned as seven in
number (Europe, Asia, Africa, North America, South America, Australia, and Antarctica).
13.
Denominations: branches or subgroups of a religion with specific beliefs or practices
that distinguish it from other branches
14.
Diffusion: the process of spreading phenomena, such as religion and other cultural
elements, from one area or group of people to another through contact
15.
Economic Focus: trade, commerce, production, currency, natural resources
16.
Five Pillars of Islam: The Five Pillars of Islam are a set of acts considered by Muslims
to be central to their faith. They are shahadah (statement of belief), salat (daily prayers), sawm
(fasting) during Ramadan, zakat (alms-giving), and hajj (pilgrimage to Mecca).
17.
Hellenistic: relating to ancient Greek civilization
18.
Hijira: the journey of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and his followers from Mecca to
Yathrib (later Medina) in 622 CE
19.
Hindu: a follower of Hinduism, a religious system that originated on the Indian
subcontinent that emphasizes a cycle of rebirth in human existence and the role of dharma, or
one's duty according to basic universal principles and laws
20.
The House of Wisdom: The House of Wisdom was a school and library founded by
Caliph Al-Ma'mun in Baghdad, which attracted scholars from surrounding continents.
21.
Iconoclasm Controversy: debate in the seventh to ninth centuries of the Byzantine
Empire over the Church's creation and use of icons
22.
Intellectual Focus: Arts and Architecture, education, philosophies, writing systems
23.
Janissaries: slaves of the sultan trained for battle.
24.
Jesus Christ: He is the most important figure in Christianity, held by tradition to have
been the son of God. Christians believe that Jesus allowed himself to be crucified by the
Romans to atone for the sins of humanity.
25.
Jizya: a poll tax paid by minority religious groups within the Muslim empire
26.
Justinian Code: a collection of laws and legal interpretations formed with the support of
the Byzantine emperor Justinian I
27.
Kinship: a relationship or connection between two parties that share a common
biological, cultural, or historical origin
28.
Muhammed: Muhammad is the founder of Islam. Muslims consider him to be the last in
a line of prophets of God. His prophesies, collected in the Qur'an, are believed by Muslims to
be the word of God.
29.
Moses: He is the most important figure in Judaism, believed to have written the Torah
(the first five books of the Hebrew Bible). Moses is an important prophet in both Christianity
and Islam.
30.
Ottoman Turks: Turkish group ruled by the Ottoman dynasty; formed an empire that
lasted from about 1300 to 1922
31.
Patriarch: a man considered the father or founder of a family, race, or religion
32.
Political Focus: forms of government, revolutions, legal systems, war and peace
33.
Punic Wars: three wars fought between Carthage and the Roman Republic between 264
BCE and 146 BCE
34.
Qu’uran: Holy book of Islam.
35.
Ravenna: the government center of the Italian territory of the Byzantine Empire
36.
Religious Focus: Beliefs, prophets, rituals.
37.
Roman Republic: a political state established by the Roman people that had a
representative government for its citizens; it lasted from 509 BCE to 27 BCE.
38.
Social Focus: Gender roles, family, race, ethnicity, social and economic class,
population, demographics
39.
Sultanate: a state or country, generally Islamic, governed by a ruler known as a sultan
40.
Syracuse: the capital of the island of Sicily during the Byzantine Empire
41.
Technological Focus: science, inventions, technology,
42.
Torah: Holy book of Judaism
43.
Umayyad Caliphate: The Umayyad Caliphate (661 CE to 750 CE) was the second
Islamic caliphate after Muhammad's death. It was also the first Islamic empire.