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Diet and Digestion Lesson Objectives DD1 Diet and deficiencies • Recall that balanced diet includes carbohydrate, protein, lipid, vitamins, minerals, water and dietary fibre • Recall sources and functions of carbohydrate, protein, lipid (fats and oils) in the diet, • Vitamins A, C and D, and the mineral ions Ca and Fe, water and fibre (roughage). DD2 Biological molecules and food tests • Test the following food groups: Benedicts (glucose),Iodine (starch), Biuret (protein), alcohol emulsion (fat) • Describe structure of carbohydrates, proteins and lipids as large molecules made up from smaller basic units: starch and glycogen from simple sugar; protein from amino acids; lipid from fatty acids and glycerol DD3 The Mouth and Amylase • Recognise the structures of the human alimentary canal (gut) • Describe functions of mouth (incl teeth/saliva), oesophagus, • Explain how food is moved through the gut by peristalsis • Explain digestion of starch to glucose by amylase and maltase, • explain active sites – theory of enzyme action DD4 The Stomach and Pepsin • Describe functions of stomach, • Describe the digestion of proteins to amino acids by proteases • Define ingestion, digestion, absorption, assimilation and egestion DD5 Bile salts and Lipase • Describe digestion of lipids to fatty acids and glycerol by lipase • Carry out a practical demonstrating the effect of Bile salts on digestion of fat • Explain the role of the pancreas • Describe how the functioning of enzymes can be affected by changes in temperature • State bile is produced by liver, stored in the gall bladder, • Describe the role of bile in neutralising stomach acid and emulsifying lipids DD6 The Model Gut and Small Intestine • Draw a villus, and explain how villi help absorption in S.I. • Explain the role of the small intestine, large intestine • Define : diffusion, osmosis and active transport DD7 Literacy task • Travel supermarket or Vitamin deficiencies DD8 Enzymes and pH (triple only) Key assessment • Explain how the functioning of enzymes can be affected by changes in pH
