Download Bell Work: What is the difference between habitat and niche

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March 19, 2014
Monday, March 31
Bell Work:
What is the difference between habitat and niche?
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section14.2.notebook
March 19, 2014
An organism's habitat is all the biotic and abiotic factors in an area where an organism lives. A niche is composed of all the physical, chemical and biological factors that species needs to survive, stay healthy and reproduce.
Examples:
Habitat
Niche
Food
All the ones in habitat, plus hunting Other lions
behavior
Trees
Watering Hole
Wildebeest
Zebra
Sand
Temperature
Grass
Savanna
Habitat­where it lives
Niche­ How it survives
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Competitive exclusion­ when two species are competing for the same resources, one species will be better suited to the niche and the other species will be pushed into another niche or become extinct.
There are three possible responses:
1. Pushed into another niche or become extinct
2. The two species could divide the niche, for example one squirrel eats nuts from the top of the tree and the other from the bottom of the tree.
3. Divergent evolution could allow one species to eat larger nuts (larger teeth) and one to eat the smaller nuts (smaller teeth).
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Ecological Equivalents­ species that occupy similar niches, but live in different geographical regions.
­ Even though the mantella frog and the poison dart frog eat the same insects, live in similar habitats and both have protective coloration and are poisonous, they do not share a niche because they are on different continents!
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Habitat is where an organism dwells or lives.
In competitive exclusion 2 organisms of different species are competing and the one who it not selected for will be excluded.
Equivalent means two sets that are similar to each other (3/6=1/2). In biology this relates to ecological equivalent because the habitats are equal, but separate areas.
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Competition­ occurs when there is an overlap of species and the overlapping resources are limited
Interspecific­ 2 different species competing for a limited resource. Example: grass and dandelions compete for space, nutrients, water and sunlight in your yard.
Intraspecific­ competition between the same species. Example: male birds competing for female birds.
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Predation­ a predator capturing, killing, and consuming its prey
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Symbiosis­ close relationship between two or more organisms of different species that live in direct contact with one another.
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Mutualism­ both species benefit from one another.
Examples: Lesser long­nosed bat­ the bat depends on night­blooming cacti as its source of food. As the bat feeds on the cactus fruit, it ingests the seeds and then disperses them as it flies across the desert.
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Commensalism­ relationship between 2 species where one species is benefited and the other is unaffected.
Human eyelashes are home to tiny mites that feast on oil secretions and dead skin without harming us.
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Parasitism­ relationship in which one species benefits while the other is harmed.
­It is not predation because the parasite does not want to kill its host, it needs it to survive.
Example: Braconid wasp lay larvae on hornworm caterpillars. The larvae feed on the caterpillar until they are large enough to leave. The hornworm will eventually die as its organs are consumed by the larvae.
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Endoparasite­ live inside the organism and feed on the tissues and organs of the host.
Examples: hookworm, tapeworms, protozoans
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Ectoparasite­ make home on the exterior of the body.
­usually feed on body fluids
Example: Leeches, ticks, fleas
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