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Name: _____________________
Homeroom: __________________
Date: _______________
Unit 5 Study Guide ANSWER KEY  Due Friday, February 7
Directions: Check your answers to each of the questions below. You must correct any question that is
INCORRECT on your original study guide using a different colored pen or pencil. You will turn your study
guide in with the correction key on Thursday.
Directions: Check your answers to each of the questions below. You must correct any question that is
Overall Score: _____ / 22 (each question is worth one point)
INCORRECT on your original study guide. You will turn your study guide in with the correction key on Friday.
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Answer
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
Section A – Metals
Section B – Metals
Section C – Metals (Semimetals are farther right)
Section D – Nonmetals
Section E – See diagram
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(a) Indium (In) – Metal
(b) Niobium (Nb) – Metal
(c) Hydrogen (H) – Nonmetal
(d) Silicon (Si) – Semimetal
(e) Krypton (Kr) – Nonmetal
(f) Krypton is an inert gas.
The inert gases are located in Group 18 (see diagram below).
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(c) Group 4
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(b) They are all nonmetals
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The diagram represents 2 isotopes of lithium because the diagram represents two
atoms of the same element with the same number of protons (3), but a different
number of protons. One of the pictures represents an atom of lithium with 3 protons
and 3 neutrons. The other picture represents an atom of lithium with 3 protons and 4
neutrons. Isotopes are versions of the same element with the same number of
protons, but a different number of neutrons.
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Isotopes have the same atomic number (number of protons), but a different atomic
mass (protons + neutrons). The number on the bottom is the number of protons, so
both of these Sulfur atoms have 16 protons. The first atom of Sulfur has 17 neutrons
and the second atom of Sulfur has 15 neutrons. Therefore, these atoms have the
same number of protons, but a different number of neutrons.
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(b) Isotopes have the same atomic number and a different atomic mass
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The diagram to the right represents different elements (an atom of hydrogen, an
atom of helium, and an atom of lithium). Isotopes are version of the same element,
not different elements altogether. Hydrogen, helium, and lithium have a different
number of protons (because they are different elements), so they are not isotopes.
Correct or
Incorrect?
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SUBSTANCE
14
15
16
ELECTRONS
76
114
76
72
31
31
41
31
Manganese with a mass number of 56
25
31
25
Cesium
55
78
55
Cu
29
35
29
Europium
63
89
63
151
62
62
89
62
Thorium with a mass number of 230
90
140
90
Sm
13
NEUTRONS
Os
Ga
12
PROTONS
The atomic mass of an element on the periodic table represents an average of the
mass of the different isotopes of an atom. It is a weighted average, meaning that
the average takes into account how many of each type of isotope exist. For
example, carbon has 3 isotopes: carbon-12 (with 6 protons and 6 neutrons), carbon13 (with 6 protons and 7 neutrons), and carbon-14 (with 6 protons and 8 neutrons).
However, because 98.9% of carbon is carbon-12, the average of the atomic mass is
12.01.
The mass of an atom is equal to the number of protons + the number of neutrons.
Electrons are tiny (approximately 0 amu), so they are no included in the mass of an
atom.
(c) Malleable
(a) Metal
(a) Metal
(g) Metal
(b) Nonmetal, Semimetal
(h) Nonmetal
(c) Metal
(i) Semimetal (metalloid)
(d) Nonmetal
(j) Metal
(e) Nonmetal
(k) Semimetal (metalloid)
(f) Metal
(l) Metal
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(c) Move to an element in the same group (same column).
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Metals are more dense than nonmetals. The particles in a metal are more tightly
packed together than nonmetals (remember that metals are solid at room
temperature, while nonmetals are gas at room temperature). Therefore, the ratio of
mass to volume (density) is greater in metals than in nonmetals.
Metals have a higher melting point than nonmetals. The particles in a metal are
more tightly packed together, so it takes a higher temperature to give the particles
enough energy to separate them. The particles in a nonmetal are not as tightly
packed together, so it does not take as much heat to give the particles enough
energy to separate them.
SPONCH! (Sulfur, phosphorous, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, and hydrogen)
Macromolecules are large, complicated molecules. Examples of macromolecules
include DNA, protein, fat, and carbohydrates. Micromolecules are smaller, simpler
molecules, such as water, carbon dioxide, oxygen, salt, iron, and oxygen.
(Remember, a molecule is two or more atoms that are bonded together).
Carbon is able to form four bonds, it is able to bond with other carbon atoms, and it
is able to bond with other elements. Due to these bonding abilities, carbon is able to
form different molecules that are fundamental for living things.
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