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Chapter 4
Verbs
Part 1
Verb
A word used to
express an action,
condition, or a state of
being.
Action Verb
Tells what the subject
does. This can be
physical or mental.
Linking Verb
Links the subject to a
word in the predicate.
Linking Verb
is, am, are, was, were,
been, being, appear,
become, feel, grow,
look, remain, seem,
smell, sound, taste
Helping Verb
Helps the main verb
express the degree of
meaning.
Helping Verb
be, am, is, are, was,
were, been, being, do,
does, did, have, has,
had, could, should,
would, may, might,
must, can, shall, will
Verb Phrase
Helping verb and main
verb.
1. Antz is an example of
feature-length animation.
a. action verb
b. linking verb
c. helping verb
d. verb phrase
B
2. The filmmakers will create
the graphics on computers.
a. action verb
b. linking verb
c. helping verb
d. verb phrase
D
3. Real ants are nothing
like the ones in the film.
a. action verb
b. linking verb
c. helping verb
d. verb phrase
C
4. The filmmakers created
the graphics on computers.
a. action verb
b. linking verb
c. helping verb
d. verb phrase
A
5. In the movie, a worker ant
falls in love with a princess
ant.
a. action verb
b. linking verb
c. helping verb
d. verb phrase
A
6. The worker and the
princess will escape to the
outside world.
a. action verb
b. linking verb
c. helping verb
d. verb phrase
D
Direct Object
A noun or pronoun that
names the receiver of
the action. Answers
“what” or “whom”.
Indirect Object
Tells to what or whom
or for what or whom an
action is done.
Transitive Verbs
An action verb that has
a direct object.
Intransitive Verb
An action verb that
does not have a direct
object.
Subject Complement
a word that a linking
verb connects its
subject to
Predicate Noun
A noun that follows a
linking verb and
identifies , renames, or
defines the subject.
Predicate Adjective
Follows a linking verb
and modifies
(describes) the subject.
1. Steven Spielberg has
given us many hit
movies.
a. direct object
b. indirect object
c. predicate noun
d. predicate adjective
B
2. Spielberg made his
first film at age 12.
a. direct object
b. indirect object
c. predicate noun
d. predicate adjective
A
3.He staged the wreck
of two toy trains.
a. direct object
b. indirect object
c. predicate noun
d. predicate adjective
A
4. The job title “continuity
clerk” may seem
unimpressive.
a. direct object
b. indirect object
c. predicate noun
d. predicate adjective
D
5. But a continuity clerk is
an important person on
a movie set.
a. direct object
b. indirect object
c. predicate noun
d. predicate adjective
C
6. The continuity clerk’s
tasks are very tedious.
a. direct object
b. indirect object
c. predicate noun
d. predicate adjective
D
Lie
To rest in a flat position
Lay
To put or place
Sit
To be seated
Set
To put or place
Rise
To move upward, to
get out of bed
Raise
To lift, to care for, to
bring up
May
To be allowed to
Can
To be able to
1. Do the most talented
artists (raise/rise) to the
top?
rise
2. In Hollywood, they
(may not/cannot).
cannot
3. Most studio heads don’t
want to (sit/set) down
with anyone who hasn’t
made a successful
commercial movie.
sit
4. But film festivals give
young filmmakers a
chance to (lie/lay) their
reputations on the line.
lay
5. They (raise/rise) the
hopes of artists who
might not otherwise have
a chance.
raise
6. They (sit/set) their
sights on quality instead
of money.
set
7. Winning at a festival
can help a filmmaker
(raise/rise) money for
distributing his or her
film.
raise
8. Success (lies/lays)
ahead for some of these
artists.
lays
9. They (sit/set) a
festival’s tone with
movies about important
themes.
set
10. Festival participation
might not help, but it
(may not, cannot) hurt.
may not
The End
of Part 1
Part 2
Simple Tenses
Present
Shows that an action or
condition happens now.
Past
Shows that an action or
condition was completed
in the past.
Future
Shows that an action or
condition will happen.
Tense
Singular
Present I aid/ you aid/
he, she, it aids
Plural
We aid/ you
aid/ they aid
Past
I aided/ you
We aided/
aided/ he, she, it you aided/
aided
they aided
Future
I will aid/ you
We will aid/
will aid/ he, she, you will aid/
it will aid
they will aid
1. The sun rose.
past
2. The sun warms the
earth.
present
3. The warm night air will
dry the puddles.
future
4. Jim Smith watched his
first movie at the age of
seven.
past
5. Smith lives in a remote
corner of Wales.
present
6. He says he will always
live there.
future
Progressive Tenses
Tense
Helping
Ending
Verbs
Present Am, Is, Are -ing
Past
Was, Were
Future Will be
-ing
-ing
1. The sun is chasing the
clouds away.
present progressive
2. It will be snowing
before long.
future progressive
3. Last month, snow was
falling every day.
past progressive
4. Randall was viewing
the sun set.
past progressive
5. He will be watching
the clouds turn varied
colors.
future progressive
6. We are still enjoying the
snow.
present progressive
Perfect Tenses
Tense
Helping
Verbs
Present Has, Have
-ed
Past
-ed
Had
Future Will have
Ending
-ed
1. I have walked every
day for a month.
present perfect
2. The window had
cracked before the storm.
past perfect
3. The ice will have
melted before the
weekend.
future perfect
4. Audiences have
watched movies for more
than a century.
present perfect
5. In twenty years, movies
will have lost none of
their appeal.
future perfect
6. Before 1900, movies
had lasted only a minute
or two.
past perfect
The End