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242 CAQs from Marieb & Hoehn, 10th Edition
CHAPTER 16: Pages 633-634
Question 2: Mary Morgan has just been brought into the emergency room of City General
Hospital. She is perspiring profusely and is breathing rapidly and irregularly. Her breath smells
like acetone (sweet and fruity), and her blood glucose tests out at 650 mg/100 mL of blood. She
is in acidosis. Which hormone drug should be administered, and why?
Question 5: Roger Proulx has severe arthritis and has been taking prednisone (a gluocorticoid)
for two months. He isn’t feeling well, complains of repeated “colds,” and is extremely “puffy”
(edematous) Explain the reason for these symptoms.
Question 6: You’ve just attended a football game with your friend Kaylee, who is diabetic.
While Kaylee drank only one beer during the game, she is having trouble walking straight, her
speech is slurred, and she is not making sense. What does it mean when wed say Kaylee is
diabetic? What is the most likely explanation for Kaylee’s current behavior? How could you help
her?
CHAPTER 17: Pages 661-662
Question 4: Mrs. Ryan, a middle-aged woman, appears at the clinic complaining of multiple
small hemorrhagic spots in her skin and severe nosebleeds. While taking her history, the nurse
notes that Mrs. Ryan works as a rubber glue applicator at a local factory. Rubber glue contains
benzene, which is known to be toxic to red marrow. Using your knowledge of physiology,
explain the connection between the bleeding problems and benzene.
Question 5: A reticulocyte count indicated that 5% of Tyler’s red blood cells were reticulocytes.
His blood test also indicated he had polycythemia and a hematocrit of 65%. Explain the
connection between these three facts.
Question 8: Mr. Chu has been scheduled for surgery to have his arthritic hip replaced. His
surgeon tells him he must switch from aspirin to acetaminophen for pain control before his
surgery. Why?
CHAPTER 18: Page 696-697
Question 3: Hannah, a newborn baby, needs surgery because she was born with an aorta that
arises fro mthe right ventricle and a pulmonary trunk that issues from the left ventricle, a
condition called transposition of the great vessels. What are the physiological consequences of
this defect?
Question 4: Gabriel, a heroin addict, feels tired, is weak and feverish, and has vague aches and
pains. Terrified that he has AIDS, he goes to a doctor and is informed that he is suffereing not
from AIDS, but from a heart murmur accompanied by endocarditis. What is the most likely way
that Gabriel contracted endocarditis? (Hint: See Related Clinical Terms.)
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CHAPTER 19: Page 756
Question 5: Edema is a common clinical problem. On your first day of a clinical rotation, you
encounter four patients who have edema for different reasons. Your challenge is to explain the
edema in terms of either an increase or a decrease in one of the four pressures that causes bulk
flow (see Focus Figure 19.1 on pp. 724-725).
(1) First you encounter Mrs. Taylor in the medical ward awaiting a liver transplant. What is the
connection between liver failure and her edema?
(2) Next in the obstetric ward, Mrs. So is experiencing premature labor and has edema in her
legs. Which bulk flow pressures might be altered here?
(3) In emergency, Mr. Herrer is in anaphylactic shock. His capillaries have become leaky,
allowing plasma proteins that are normally kept inside the blood vessels to escape into the
interstitial fluid. Which of the bulk flow pressures is altered in this case and in what direction
is the change?
(4) Finally, in oncology, Mrs. O’Leary is recovering from breast cancer surgery. Her right breast
and all of her axillary lymph nodes were removed. Unfortunately, this severed most of the
lymphatic vessels draining her right arm. You notice that this arm is quite edematous. Why?
Mrs. O’Leary is given a compression sleeve to wear on this arm to help relieve the edema.
Which of the bulk flow pressures will be altered by the compression sleeve?
CHAPTER 20: Page 769
Question 1: Mrs. Jackson, a 59-year-old woman, has undergone a left radical mastectomy
(removal of the left breast and left axillary lymph nodes and vessels). Her left arm is severely
swollen and painful and she is unable to raise it to more than shoulder height.
(a) Explain her signs and symptoms.
(b) Can she expect to have relief from these symptoms in time? How so?
Question 3: Once almost a rite of childhood, tonsillectomy (surgical removal of the tonsils)is ow
rarely performed. Similarly, while ruptured spleens were once routinely removed, they are now
conserved whenever possible. Why should these lymphoid organs be preserved when possible?
CHAPTER 21: Page 805
Question 1: Isabella, a 6-year old child who has been raised in a germ-free environment from
birth, is a victim of one of the most severe examples of an abnormal immune system. Isabella
also suffers from cancer caused by the Epstein-Barr virus. Relative to this case:
(a) What is the usual fate of children with Isabella’s condition and similar circumstances if no
treatment is attempted?
(b) Why is Isabella’s brother chosen asw the hematopoietic stem cell donor?
(c) Why is her physician planning to use umbilical cord blood as a source of stem cells for
transplant if her brother’s stem cells fail (what are the hoped-for results)?
(d) Attempt to explain Isabella’s cancer.
(e) What similarities and dissimilarities exist between Isabella’s illness and AIDS?
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CHAPTER 22: Page 854
Question 1: Daniel, the swimmer with the fastest time on the Springfield College swim team,
routinely hyperventilates before a meet, as he says, “to sock some more oxygen into my lungs so
I can swim longer without having to breathe.” First of all, what basic fact about oxygen loading
has Daniel forgotten (a lapse leading to false thinking)? Second, how is Daniel jeopardizing not
only his time but his life?
Question 2: A member of the “Blues” gang was rushed into an emergency room after receiving a
knife wound in the left side of his thorax. The diagnosis was pneumothorax and a collapsed lung.
Explain exactly (a) why the lung collapsed, and (b) why only one lung (not both) collapsed.
Question 4: After a week of scuba diving in the Bahamas, Mary Ann boards an airplane. During
her flight home, she develops aching joints, nausea, and dyspnea, which resolves upon landing.
During the flight, the cabin pressure was equivalent to an altitude of 8000 feet. Explain her
problem.
CHAPTER 23: Page 912
Question 2: After a heavy meal rich with fried foods, Debby Collins, an overweight 45-year-old
woman, was rushed to the emergency room with severe spasmodic pains in her epigastric region
that radiated to the right side of her rib cage. She indicated that the attack came on suddenly, and
her abdomen was found to be tender to the touch and somewhat rigid. What do you think is theis
patient’s problem and why is her pain discontinuous (colicky)? What are the treatment options
and what might happen if the problem is not resolved?
Question 4: Troy Francis, a middle-aged salesman, complains of a burning pain in the “pit of his
stomach,” usually beginning about two hours after eating and abating after drinking a glass of
milk. When asked to indicate the site, he points to his epigastric region. The GI tract is examined
by X-ray fluoroscopy. A gastric ulcer is visualized, and drug therapy using a proton pump
inhibitor and antibiotics is recommended. (a) Why is this treatment suggested? (b) What are the
possible consequences of nontreatment?
CHAPTER 24: Pages 959-960
Question 3: Frank Moro has been diagnosed as having severe atherosclerosis and high blood
cholesterol levels. He is told that he is at risk for a stroke or a heart attack First, what foods
would you suggest that he avoid like the plague? What activities would you recommend?
Question 5: While attempting to sail solo from Los Angele4s to Tahiti, Seth encountered a storm
that marooned him on an uninhabited island. He was able, using his ingenuity and a pocket knife,
to obtain plenty of fish to eat, and roots were plentiful. However, the island was barren of fruits
and soon his gums began to bleed and he started to develop several infections. Analyze his
problem.
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Question 6: Gregor, a large, beefy man came home from the doctor’s office and complained to
his wife that his blood tests “were bad.” He told her that the doctor said he would have to give up
some of his steaks and butter. He went on to mourn the fact that he would have to start eating
more cottage cheese and olive oil instead. What kind of problem was revealed by his “bad”
blood tests? What do you think of his choice of food substitutes and why? What would you
suggest?
CHAPTER 25: Page 996
Question 2: While repairing a frayed utility wire, Kevin, an experienced lineman, slips and falls
to the gorund Medical examination reveals a fracture of his lower spine and transaction of the
lumbar region of the spinal cord. How will Kevin’s micturition be controlled from this point on?
Will he ever again feel the need to void? Will there be dribbling of urine between voiding?
Explain the reasoning behind your responses.
Question 5: Why does use of a spermidcide increase a woman’s risk for urinary tract infection?
CHAPTER 26: No Questions
CHAPTER 27: Pages 1072-1073
Question 2: Grant, a sexually active adolescent, appeared in the emergency room complaining of
a penile (drip) and pain during urination. An account of his recent sexual behavior was requested
and recorded.
(a) What do you think Grant’s problem is?
(b) What is the causative agent of this disorder?
(c) How is the condition treated, and what may happen if it isn’t treated?
Question 5: Erin had both her left ovary and her right uterine tube removed surgically at age 17
because of a cyst and a tumor in these organs. Now, at age 32, she remains healthy and is
expecting her second child. How could Erin conceive a child with just one ovary and one uterine
tube, widely separated on opposite sides of the pelvis like this?
CHAPTER 28: Page 1105
Question 4: Claire is a heavy smoker and has ignored a friend’s advice to stop smoking during
her pregnancy. On the basis of what you know about the effect of smoking on physiology,
describe how Claire’s smoking might affect her fetus.
Question 5: While Mark was cramming for his anatomy test, he read that some parts of the
mesoderm become segmented. He suddenly realized that he could not remember what
segmentation is. Define segmentation (in your own words), and give two examples of segmented
structures in the embryo.
Question 6: Assume a sperm has penetrated a polar body and their nuclei fuse. Why would it be
unlikely for the resulting cell to develop into a healthy embryo?
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