Download Language Arts Review for Entering Seventh Graders

Language Arts Review for Entering Seventh Graders
Name _____________________________________________
Date _____________________
Identifying and Punctuating Sentences
There are four kinds of sentences.
 A declarative sentence is a statement, and it always ends with a period.
o The nurse told Mr. Kennedy to roll up his sleeve so that she could check his blood pressure.
 An interrogative sentence is a question, and it always ends with a question mark.
o Do you have any plans for the upcoming weekend?
 An imperative sentence is a command. It makes a request or tells someone to do something, and it usually
ends with a period. If the command shows strong feeling, it ends with an exclamation mark.
o For this assignment, use references to support your claims.
o Don’t drive so quickly in the construction zone!
 An exclamatory sentence is like a statement, but it shows surprise or strong feeling. An exclamatory
sentence always ends with an exclamation mark.
o I can’t wait to travel through Europe this summer!
Directions: Add the correct punctuation to the following sentences. On the line beneath the sentence, identify
the sentence as declarative, interrogative, imperative, or exclamatory.
1. One of Jupiter’s craters is wider than the United States
______________________________
2. That was the best performance I've ever seen
______________________________
3. Which local reservoirs supply our town with its fresh water
______________________________
4. Return the pliers to the toolbox in the garage when you're done
_____________________________
5. Please put the chicken, fish, and vegetables on the large white platter
______________________________
6. Whose responsibility is it to wake the mayor when there is an emergency
______________________________
7. Your project on Mars is amazing
______________________________
8. Moss often hangs from the branches of the bald cypress, a tree that grows in swamps in the
South
_____________________________
Subject and Predicate
Every sentence has a subject and a predicate.
 The simple subject tells whom or what the sentence is about. It is just the subject noun or pronoun without
any other words that describe or modify it.
o Jarrett sleeps late on the weekends.
o His best friend sleeps late on the weekends.
 The simple subject tells who sleeps late on the weekends.
 The simple predicate tells what the subject is doing. It is just the verb without any other words that
describe or modify it.
o His best friend sleeps.
o His best friend sleeps late on the weekends.
 The simple predicate tells what his best friend does.
 Since the predicate is always a verb, please review the two types of verbs listed below before completing
this activity.
o Action verbs tell about an action. Action verbs can have direct objects.
o Linking verbs connect the subject to an adjective or noun (the subject complement) in the
predicate. They do not show action.
 The most common linking verbs are forms of the verb to be. Other linking verbs include
look, taste, feel, sound, appear, become, grow, stay, and remain.
o Some verbs can be used as either linking verbs or action verbs.
 Linking verb: Rachel grew tired as the evening wore on.
 Action verb: Rachel grew tomatoes and squash in her garden last year.
Directions: 1. Underline the simple subject and simple predicate.
2. Write an S above the simple subject.
3. Write a P above the simple predicate. Identify-- AV= Action Verb and LV = Linking Verb
S
P
(Example) In the story creatures from Mars invade the earth. ____AV___
1. The invaders are huge and ugly monsters. ______
2. In Denmark, Hans Christian Andersen wrote 168 fairy tales. ______
3. For example, Mr. Spock worked closely with earth people. ______
4. Like humans, aliens have been both good and evil. ______
5. The Grimm brothers collected fairy tales during the early 1800’s. ______
6. With each human meal, the Blob grew bigger and bigger. ______
7. It ate old rusty cars for dinner. ______
8. King Uther lived in a castle and ruled all of Britain. ______
9. Not all aliens in science fiction are mean. ______
Simple, Compound, and Complex Sentences
 A clause is a group of words that contains both a subject and a predicate.
o An independent clause is a complete thought. It can stand alone as a sentence.
 the oranges on our tree are ripe
 The clause can stand alone. It is independent.
o A dependent clause is not a complete thought. It cannot stand alone as a sentence.
 after we pick up Will from work
 The clause cannot stand alone. It is dependent.
 A simple sentence is made up of a single independent clause.
o Ex.: Emily and I spent all day relaxing by the pool.
o Some simple sentences have introductory phrases, but the introductory phrase is part of the
predicate.
 In the winter, Danny usually wears his heavy coat. OR Danny usually wears his heavy coat
in the winter.
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
A compound sentence is made up of two independent clauses joined by a coordinating conjunction such
as and, but, or, or so. Remember to place a comma before the coordinating conjunction.
o We heard a rumble of thunder, and seconds later we saw the flash of lightning.
A complex sentence is made up of an independent clause and a dependent clause. The dependent clause
usually begins with a subordinating conjunction such as after, although, as, because, before, if, since,
unless, until, when, or while.
o If she ever gets the chance, Shannon would love to visit the Egyptian pyramids.
Directions:
Identify each sentence as simple, compound, or complex. Label the italicized noun common (C) or proper (P).
1.
After I heard a recording of Yo-Yo Ma playing the cello, I fell in love with classical music. ____________
2. Our cat has been scratching himself more than usual, so I checked him for fleas. ___________________
3. Although it snowed all weekend, there was still not enough snow for skiing. ________________________
4. In 1900, the state with the largest population was New York. ___________________________________
5. My pen pal and I have written to each other for five years, but we have never met in person. __________
6. The audition for the part of Dracula will begin in just a few minutes. _____________________________
7. If we hike Bright Angel Trail in the Grand Canyon, we won’t see Mooney Falls. ____________________
8. You might be excited by all of the activity in Tokyo, or it might be a bit overwhelming. _______________
Possessive Nouns
 A possessive noun shows who or what owns something or has something.
 Add an apostrophe and -s ('s) to a singular noun to make it a possessive noun.
o Sean → Sean's glove
 When a plural noun ends in -s, just add an apostrophe (') to make it a possessive noun.
o the boys → the boys' camp
 When a plural noun does not end in -s, add an apostrophe and -s ('s) to make it a possessive noun.
o the children → the children's toys
Directions:
Fill in the blank with the possessive form of the noun in parentheses.
1.
some ________________ (infants) sleep patterns
2. this __________________ (charity) purpose
3. these _______________________ (manuscripts) authors
4. a _______________________ (photographer) studio
5. the _______________________ (graduates) joy
6. the ____________________ (geese) flight pattern
7. that ____________________ (orphanage) location
8. the _____________________ (delegates) press conference
9. the ___________________ (mice) tails
10. the ____________________ (senators) voting records
Subject and Object Pronouns

You can use a subject pronoun as the subject of a sentence or clause. It tells who is doing something, and
it is usually at the beginning of the sentence. The subject pronouns are I, you, he, she, it, we, and they.
o After finishing the experiment, I showed my teacher the results. (The subject pronoun I is the
subject of the sentence.)

You can use an object pronoun after an action verb. You can also use an object pronoun after a
preposition (like at, for, of, on, to, or with). The object pronouns are me, you, him, her, it, us, and them.
o After finishing the experiment, my teacher showed me the results. (The object pronoun me is
used after an action verb, showed)

When a pronoun is connected to a noun with the word and (like Rick and I or Rick and me), it can be
hard to tell which pronoun is correct. To tell which one is correct, look at the sentence without the other
noun.
o Rick and I discussed the results with the teacher.
I discussed the results with the teacher.
(The subject pronoun I is used as the subject of the sentence.)

The teacher discussed the results with Rick and me.
The teacher discussed the results with me.
(The object pronoun me is used after the preposition, with.)
Directions:
Circle the correct pronoun to complete the sentence.
1.
Just for fun, Ellie drenched ( he , him ) and his toys with the garden hose.
2.
At the wedding ceremony, Nick recited a poem for ( they , them ) and their guests.
3. Mr. Bradford escorted ( us , we ) and our children to our hotel room.
4. The layout editor and ( me , I ) want to schedule a photo shoot with you.
5. Is it true that ( she , her ) and Uncle Troy moved to Fairview?
6. Camille greatly admires ( he , him ) and the other volunteers.
7. Receiving the award for most improved team completely surprised ( they , them ) and their coach.
8. Mr. Gordon rarely worries about ( she , her ) and Jack, because they're both so responsible.
Subject-Verb Agreement
 A compound subject is made up of two subjects joined by the conjunction and, or, or nor.


Mark and Amanda
This week or next
Neither Josh nor my friends
When a compound subject is joined by and, use a plural verb.
Plural verbs usually do not end in -s, -es, or -ies.
 Where do Mark and Amanda go to school?
When a compound subject is joined by or or nor, use a verb that agrees with the subject that is
closest to the verb.
 If the subject closest to the verb is singular, use a singular verb.
Singular verbs end in -s,-es, or -ies.
 This week or next seems likely to be hectic.
 If the subject closest to the verb is plural, use a plural verb.
Again, plural verbs usually do not end in -s, -es, or -ies.
 After reading the reviews, neither Josh nor my friends expect the movie to be
successful.
Directions:
Complete the sentence by circling the appropriate verb.
1. Whenever Fido runs out into the yard, the chickens and the rooster ( disappears , disappear) into the
coop.
2. Whenever Madison and Ben ( hear , hears ) the bells of the neighborhood ice cream truck, they quickly
run upstairs to get some change.
3. The award-winning author and his editor ( speak , speaks ) to audiences of writers and students every
week.
4. After such a long day of travel, neither Uzoma nor Ryan ( think , thinks ) it's wise to drive more tonight.
5. Neither the teachers nor their students ( believe , believes ) that selling junk food in vending machines is a
good idea.
6. Whenever we go camping, either Jessica or Patrick ( set , sets ) up the tent while Claire and I start the
campfire.
7. According to Keegan, either a slice of key lime pie or lemon bars ( make , makes ) the perfect tart dessert.
8. ( Do , does ) your brother or your sisters know when your mother is returning home?
9. Neither my family nor our neighbors ( want , wants ) the empty lot on our street turned into a gas station.
10. Neither the director nor the producers ( expects , expect ) to earn much money by making this movie, but
they are making it anyway because they believe in its message.
11. Each evening the chef or his assistant ( try , tries ) all of the sauces before they are served.
12. Neither he nor Thomas ( agree , agrees ) with me that building more highways would be the best solution
for Maryland's transportation problems.
13. Every time we look at my baby pictures, Mom or Dad ( cry , cries ) a little remembering how happy they
were to become parents.
14. Neither Sunny nor his owner ( enjoys , enjoy ) hiking when it's really windy.
Verb Tense Review
 Most verbs are regular in past tense. That means you follow a rule like "add -ed" or "add -d" to get
the past-tense form of the verb.
 Some verbs are irregular in past tense. That means you don't follow a rule. Instead, you must
remember the past-tense form of the verb.
 Luis did his homework. (Did is the irregular past-tense form of do.)
Directions:
Complete the sentence with the past tense form of the verb in parentheses.
1.
To avoid being swept downstream, Max ________________ (cling) to the boulders along the shore.
2. Dean took a deep breath to fill his lungs and then blew up the balloon until it nearly ___________ (burst).
3. I __________________ (bring) a book to read on the train.
4. Mr. Pruitt thought he could easily resolve the company's storage problem, but as soon as he
_______________________ (undertake) the project, he realized that he was in over his head.
5. The little deer looked at the cougar for one brief moment, trembling, and then ______________ (flee)
swiftly across the field.
6. After a long, cold winter, we ___________________ (awake) one morning to the sound of birds chirping
and the smell of lilacs in the air.
7. The local authorities ________________ (forbid) anyone to ski on the mountain because of the threat of
an avalanche.
8. It took determination and hard work, but Austin finally __________________ (repay) his debt and started
saving money for a house.
9. I ________________ (buy) a sandwich for Maria and me to share.
10. As additional housing developments went in, the local heron population ___________________ (shrink)
even further.
Adjectives
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An adjective is a word that modifies, or describes, a noun or a pronoun; an adjective
tells what kind, how many , or which one.
Proper adjectives are formed from a proper noun (America
American).
Articles (a, an, the) are always adjectives.
Demonstrative adjectives: this, that, these, those
Interrogative adjectives: which, what, whose
Possessive adjectives: my, our, your, his, her, its, their
Predicate adjectives follow a linking verb and describe the subject of the sentence.
Directions:
In the following sentences, underline all adjectives. Do not underline articles. Draw a line from the adjective to
the noun or pronoun it describes.
1. Which river is longer, the Mississippi or the Missouri?
2. Can you imagine a gorgeous floral tablecloth spread on a grand banquet table?
3. The English people had a humble view that fingers were meant to eat with.
4. That year, Walter Hunt became famous for his “invention,” the safety pin.
5. Today, anyone with a missing button or a broken zipper is grateful to Walter Hunt.
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Adverbs

An adverb modifies a verb, an adjective, or another adverb; an adverb tells how, when, where, to
what extent about the word it modifies.
Directions:
In the following sentences underline all adverbs. Draw a line from each adverb to the word it describes. Label
the word as a verb, an adjective, or another adverb.
1.
A Pony Express rider comes quickly into view.
2.
The fresh rider brings his horse abruptly to a halt.
3.
Mail delivery in the Old West was unbelievably slow.
4.
It often took two to three months for a letter to arrive.
5.
Bad weather and rough trails never stopped a Pony Express rider.
Proofreading
Make all corrections to the following draft. You may use proofreading symbols; you may also make corrections
by rewriting the corrections above the word. Correct all errors in spelling, capitalization, punctuation and
grammar.
The Bald Eagle is one of America’s most majestic sights. It’s enormous
wingspan and instantly recognizable colors makes it hard to miss. When I was ten,
my family and me traveled to Yellowstone national park in wyoming. On out very
first day, we saw several Eagles floating around the sky, Hunting for food, and
surveying the mountans. It was amazing I could barely beleive my eyes. Dad and
Mom commented, “this is the most fascinating animal we have ever seen”.
Prepositions

A preposition is a connecting word. It comes before a noun or pronoun and connects it to the rest
of the sentence. The noun or pronoun that comes after the preposition is called the object of the
preposition.
 I will call you after dinner.
The preposition is after. It connects the object, dinner, to the rest of the sentence.

We walked across the wet grass.
The preposition is across. It connects the object, grass, to the rest of the sentence.
Most prepositions tell about time, place, or movement, but some do not.
Time:
I will call you after dinner.
Place:
The sunglasses on the table are mine.
Movement:
We walked across the wet grass.
Other:
Did you read the book about wolves?
Some common prepositions are about, above, across, after, along, around, at, behind, below, beside, by, down,
during, for, from, in, inside, into, near, of, on, outside, over, through, to, under, up, and with.
Directions:
For each sentence, underline the prepositional phrase. Label the preposition “P” and label the object of the
preposition “O”.
1.
Never be afraid of failure.
2. The skilled snowboarder soared through the air.
3. There is a delicious Indian restaurant in Columbia.
4. We should hang Bridget’s photo over the mantel.
5. Will you meet me outside the theater tomorrow night?
6. You should wrap some gauze around your arm.
7. Maggie watched the salmon swim up the river.
8. Ekene slid down the muddy river bank.
9. Look behind the ketchup and you’ll find the mustard.
10. A large schooner sailed across the harbor.