Download Cellular Respiration

Cellular Respiration
Mr. Graham
Harvesting Energy from Food!
• Many organisms
harvest the energy
stored in foods.
Cellular respiration is
a chemical reaction
that uses oxygen to
convert the chemical
energy stored in
organic molecules
into ATP.
ATP
• Adenosine triphosphate –
it is the source of energy
used for most cellular
work.
• When we take in food,
ADP is converted to ATP
in the process of cellular
respiration.
• When our cells use this
energy, ATP is converted
to ADP.
What can ATP be used for?
• ATP can be used for:
– Moving a Muscle Protein
– Building Large Molecules
– Active Transport
Synthesis and Active Transport
Aerobic Cellular Respiration
• Aerobic = with oxygen
• Occurs in the mitochondria
• The use of oxygen releases more energy per glucose
molecule than anaerobic = without oxygen
• Uses oxygen but releases carbon dioxide and water
SUMMARY EQUATION:
Cellular Respiration
• Cellular Respiration is an aerobic
process, meaning that it requires oxygen.
Both plant and animal cells carry out the final stages of
cellular respiration in the mitochondria.
Intermembrane
Mitochondrion
space
Outer membrane
Animal Cells
Plant Cells
Inner
membrane
Matrix
Cellular Respiration
• There are three parts of cellular
respiration. They are glycolysis, krebs
cycle, and electron tranport system.
STAGES OF CELLULAR
RESPIRATION
• Respiration occurs in three main stages
High-energy electrons
carried by NADH
GLYCOLYSIS
Cytoplasmic
fluid
KREBS
CYCLE
ELECTRON
TRANSPORT CHAIN
Mitochondrion
Cellular Respiration
Glycolysis
2ATP Produced Cytoplasm
Krebs Cycle
2ATP Produced Mitochondria
Electron
Transport
System
34 ATP
Mitochondria
Fermentation is an anaerobic alternative to
aerobic respiration
• Process operates by means of chemical
reactions catalyzed by enzymes in cytoplasm of
cell
• Primary mode of energy production for some
bacteria and fungi (yeast)
• use glycolysis alone to produce small amounts
of ATP
• Important in production of foods such as cheese,
buttermilk, yogurt, alcohol, (wine/beer) and
bread
• 2 types: 1. alcohol & 2. lactic acid
Fermentation
• Some organisms can
ferment glucose to make
energy. This is a form of
anaerobic respiration.
• The products of
fermentation depend
upon the type of
organism. Some yeast
ferment sugar and make
alcohol as a by product.
• What is a problem with
fermentation?
Lactic Acid Fermentation
• When oxygen levels decrease, your
muscles make energy using lactic acid
fermentation. The by product of this
fermentation is 2ATP and lactic acid.
How do microbes help us?
• Bacteria and fungi are used to tranform
milk into yogurt and cheese. The
sharpness or sour flavor of yogurt is due to
lactic acid.
Comparing photosynthesis and
Cellular Respiration