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Parts of Speech Nouns Names a person, place, thing, or idea People Friendship, trust, love, Apple, worry, value, book, liberty Grammy Award, fever, life Skater, grandfather, Mrs. Griesel valley, school, New York, Council Rock High School North Names any one of a group of person, places, things, or ideas children, nation, event, holiday Names a particular person, place, thing, or idea America, June, Miami, Valentine’s Day Hearing, Names an object that can be perceived by the senses sight, smell, taste, or touch Guitar, cafeteria, chicken, Ocean City Names a quality, characteristic, emotion, or idea Skill, bravery, love, charm, solitude, humor Collective Nouns names a group class, fleet, crew, team Compound Noun Two or more words used together as a single noun. Some are written as one word, some as separate, others as hyphenated words Sidewalk, telephone pole, bull’s-eye Due now Exercise 1 1-5 Exercise 2 1-5 Pronoun Personal pronouns in place of a noun or more than one noun. Relative Interrogative pronouns pronouns Reflexive and Intensive Pronouns Used Demonstrative Pronouns Indefinite pronouns Personal pronouns Interrogative pronouns Indefinite pronouns Demonstrative Pronouns Relative pronouns Reflexive and Intensive Pronouns Antecedent Ante-before Pronoun has to match to antecedent Match in : number & gender Grandma Moses began painting when she was 76 years old. The student left their school bag in the hallway. "Why should I study math? You don't get anything out of it" A person should be able to make up their own mind about prayer in schools. Do now: Exercises 3 and 4 Adjectives A word used to modify a noun or pronoun Tell: how many: six days which one: that game what kind: old book Due now: exercise 5 & 6 boys odd girls even Prepositions Shows a relationship of noun/pronoun to other words in the sentence. Always introduce a phrase The noun or pronoun that ends the prepositional phrase is the OBJECT of the preposition. ( Prepositions ) (Prepositional phrase) NEVER: Contains sentence Due Now Exercise 11 the complements of the Contains the subject of the sentence Direct object of the sentence Contains the verb of the sentence prepositional phrase a group of words containing a preposition a noun or pronoun object of the preposition, and any modifiers of the object. NEVER: has the subject or verb of a sentence in it Verbs A word that expresses action or helps to make a statement Action Verbs Dance, run, tell, go Think, believe, estimate, consider Express ACTION Either physical or mental Action verbs which can not be seen Transitive Verbs Action verb that takes an object The object tells who or what receives the action Jack crossed the school cafeteria. Nicole tuned her car’s engine. Intransitive Verb An action verb that DOES NOT take an object. The children laughed. The letter came from your aunt in Texas. Nothing is receiving the action of laughed. Nothing is receiving the action of came. Help to make statement by being a link between two words. Linking Verbs Aka: state of being verbs; Connects the subject with a word that identifies or describes it am is are was were & any verb ending in be or been is a form of be. BE verbs Other common Linking Verbs Appear Seem Become Smell Grow Look Sound Remain Stay Taste Turn Many linking verbs can be used as action verbs as well The chicken tasted good. The verb links the subject, chicken, to a word that describes it, good. The chicken tasted good. HW: Did you taste the chicken? The verb describes an action taken by the subject, you Did you taste the chicken? Consists of a main verb and at least one helping or auxiliary verb Common helping verbs: Forms of be Forms of have Forms of do Did speak Must have been sleeping Is working Auxiliary Can Could May Might Must Shall Should Will Would verbs Due Now: Exercise 7 &8 Girls=even Boys=odd Exercises 9 and 10 Used to modify a verb, adverb, or adjective Adverb tell How When The drummer plays well. Will summer be here soon? Where The shutters flew open. To what extent? I have never seen the ocean. Write your own example for each. Due now: Review exercises 1 A, B, & C conjunction A word used to join words or a group of words. Coordinating Conjunctions join words or groups of words used in the same way. FANBOYS And but for or nor yet so Advanced ticket sales were slow, but many people showed up at the door. Chose two of the FANBOYS and write a sentence. Correlative Conjunctions are use in pairs to join words or groups of words used in the same way. both…and neither…nor whether…or either…or not only…but (also) Both moose and elk live in the north. Now you do one. Subordinating Conjunction Begins clause. a subordinate clause and connects to an independent after although as as if as long as as much as as soon as as well as as though because how if inasmuch in order that lest now that provided (that) since even if till ( or 'til) unless until when whenever wherever than so that even though though where while that before We should take a taxi since the bus is late. Now you do… An Interjection is a word that expresses emotion. It has no grammatical relation to other words in the sentence. It is set off from the rest of the sentence by an exclamation point or comma! Hey! Watch out for the chair. No, you may not flirt in school. Do now exercise 13 odds Homework evens The part of speech is determined by the way the word is used in the sentence Determining POS Parts of Speech Do now: Exercise 15 Homework exercise 2 Chapter review HW