Download Parent Workshop ~ Year 6 28/09/16

Todays Focus
Vocabulary,
Grammar and
Punctuation.
Year Six
Learning Together
Workshop
Aims
Grammar, spelling and punctuation are key areas in
the teaching of English.
The main aims of this workshop is to help parents to:

Develop children's ability to use language clearly,
concisely and effectively.

Help children use standard English where
appropriate.

Provide children with the vocabulary they need to
discuss, reflect on and understand grammar,
spelling and punctuation.
New Curriculum
Expectations – Year 6
New Curriculum
Expectations – Year 6
Year 5 and 6 word list
accommodate
accompany
according
achieve
aggressive
amateur
ancient
apparent
appreciate
attached
Available
average
awkward
Bargain
bruise
category
cemetery
committee
communicate
community
competition
conscience*
conscious*
controversy
convenience
correspond
criticise (critic + ise)
curiosity
definite
desperate
determined
develop
dictionary
disastrous
embarrass
environment
equip (–ped, –ment)
especially
exaggerate
excellent
existence
explanation
familiar
foreign
forty
frequently
government
guarantee
harass
hindrance
identity
immediate(ly)
individual
interfere
interrupt
language
leisure
lightning
marvellous
mischievous
muscle
necessary
neighbour
nuisance
occupy
occur
opportunity
parliament
persuade
physical
prejudice
Privilege
profession
programme
pronunciation
queue
recognise
recommend
relevant
restaurant
rhyme
rhythm
sacrifice
secretary
shoulder
signature
sincere(ly)
soldier
stomach
sufficient
suggest
symbol
system
temperature
thorough
twelfth
variety
vegetable
vehicle
yacht
Word classes
article/determiner
verb
conjunction
adjective
adverb
noun
pronoun
preposition
Word classes

article/determiner

adjective

noun

verb

adverb

pronoun

conjunction

preposition


a word that tells you where, when, how or how
often an action is done
a word that describes a noun or pronoun

a word used to name a person, place, animal or object
A word that shows action or a state of being.


a word or phrase that modifies the meaning of an
adjective, verb, or other adverb, expressing manner,
place, time, or degree (e.g. gently, here, now, very ).
a word that replaces a noun



a word used to connect clauses or sentences or to
coordinate words in the same clause (e.g. and, but, if ).
usually preceding, a noun or pronoun and expressing a
relation to another word or element in the clause, as in
‘the man on the platform’.
Nouns - a word used to name a person, place, animal or object
KS1 sample paper 2016
KS1 GPS test 2016
Nouns - a word used to name a person, place, animal or object
Circle all the nouns in the sentence below.
The leaves on our tree turned orange as the
weather became colder.
Previous KS2 paper
Determiners
Dog barked at man.
A determiner is like a special adjective that
pins down precisely which noun is being
talked about. In most instances, a noun
cannot stand on its own in a sentence and
needs a determiner to help us know which
particular thing is being referred to.
That dog barked at this man.
Article
• a dog, an apple (indefinite article)
• the dog (definite article)
Some determiners
 this
dog, that dog
 all dogs, every dog, some dogs, no dogs, each dog
 one dog, two dogs, three dogs
 his dog, her dog, my dog
 much, many
Determiner - A word that shows action or a state of being.
Previous sample paper
2016
KS2 sample paper 2016
Determiner - A word that shows action or a state of being.
KS2 GPS test 2016
Pronouns - a word that replaces a noun
Personal pronouns
I/me, you, he/him, she/her, we/us, they/them, it.
I like him.
They don’t want it.
Personal pronouns often ‘replace’ a noun or a noun
phrase and enable us to avoid repetition.
I saw your father but I didn’t speak to him.
As subject
As direct
object
Possessive
with noun
Possessive
on its own
Reflexive
I
me
my
mine
myself
you
you
your
yours
yourself
she
her
her
hers
herself
he
him
his
his
himself
it
it
its
its
itself
we
us
our
ours
ourselves
they
them
their
theirs
themselves
KS2 GPS test 2016
KS2 GPS test 2016
KS2 sample paper 2016
Verbs
A verb is a word (or words) that expresses an action, a
happening, a process or state. It can be thought of as a “doing”
word, eg shouts, has played or a “being” word,
eg am, is, has been
Verbs often occur in chains, eg was living, have been working.
Every sentence needs a verb.
I walk to school every day.
I am waiting for the bus.
He had been driving for hours
Mark is tired and wants to go to bed.
Verbs
I walk to school every day.
I am waiting for the bus.
He had been driving for hours.
Mark is tired and wants to go to bed.
KS1 GPS test 2016
KS1 sample paper 2016
What is a conjunction?
Conjunctions link things or actions within sentences.
They are like glue – they help join words, phrases
and clauses. By joining the parts of sentences
together they can turn simple sentences into
compound or complex sentences (ie from single to
multi-clause).
What is new ..
Change of terminology:
Connectives
Conjunctions (coordinating and
subordinating)
 Cohesive devices (text structure)
 Adverbial (for time connective)

Coordinating conjunctions: and, but, or
The cat and the kitten had both
disappeared. He thought they would
be in the garden or the house but he
couldn’t find them anywhere.
Explain the function of and, but and or in these simple
and compound sentences.
The conjunction detective
The Enormous Turnip
Once upon a time there was a little old man who grew
an enormous turnip. Early one morning he decided to
pull up the turnip to make turnip soup so he pulled
________ he pulled ________he pulled, ________ the
turnip would not budge. Next he asked his wife to help.
So the woman pulled the man ________the man pulled
the turnip _________ still the turnip would not budge.
Next he asked his son to help.
and, but, or
The meal was delicious
?
it was very expensive.
Shall we go by train
?
would you prefer to drive?
I think we should go home
?
have an early night.
You can have an ice cream
now
?
you can save your money for
later.
She is the fastest runner in
the school
?
John likes reading books
?
she is also good at netball.
I prefer watching television.
Pick up a subordinating conjunction and finish the
sentence.
Can you use any subordinator to finish the sentence?
You can’t watch television ...
I don’t like swimming...
She arrived home ...
The policeman knocked on the window ...
Lee didn’t like getting up in the mornings and so
he was often late for school. ___________ the
alarm went off, he would just turn it off and go
straight back to sleep. His father tried to make
him get up but he just kept on returning to bed.
__________ everyone else was busy getting
washed and dressed, he just slept. “_______ you
don’t get up immediately, I’m going to come in
with a bucket of water,” threatened his older
sister. Such threats did not worry him _________
he had wisely locked the door.
Lee didn’t like getting up in the mornings and so he
was often late for school. When/whenever the
alarm went off, he would just turn it off and go
straight back to sleep. His father tried to make him
get up but he just kept on returning to bed. While
everyone else was busy getting washed and
dressed, he just slept. “If you don’t get up
immediately, I’m going to come in with a bucket of
water,” threatened his older sister. Such threats did
not worry him since/because he had wisely locked
the door.
KS2 GPS test 2016
Combination games
even though unless
because
as soon as
while
when
before after
until
although
if
as
Eating too much chocolate is bad for you.
Most children love it
How many of these conjunctions can you use to join the two
sentences while retaining the same meaning?
Which conjunctions will work?
Why won’t the others fit in this context?
Phrases
A phrase is a group of words that act as one
unit
 a big dog
 five minutes ago
 that dog in the window
Clauses
A clause is a group of words that expresses
an event (she drank some water) or a
situation (she was thirsty). It usually contains
a subject and a verb.
 a big dog chased me
 it was raining
 when we went out
 because I was tired
Sentences
 Rule
1. A sentence is a group of words
which make sense on their own.
 Rule 2. It must contain a verb and a
subject – this is the person or something
which is doing the verb.
 Rule 3. It must begin with a capital letter
and end with a full stop, question mark or
exclamation mark.
Common clause structures: SV
S
V
The big dog was barking.
S
V
The queen
was eating.
Teachers
teach.
I
sleep.
The National Literacy Strategy
Grammar for Writing Training Session 2 © Crown Copyright 2000
5
Common clause structures: SVO
S
V
O
The queen was eating a jam sandwich.
.
Teachers
The National Literacy Strategy
teach.
children.
Grammar for Writing Training Session 2 © Crown Copyright 2000
18
Common clause structures: SVC
S
V
C
The queen
was
a friendly person.
Teachers
are.
wonderful.
The National Literacy Strategy
Grammar for Writing Training Session 2 © Crown Copyright 2000
9
KS2 sample paper 2016
Adjectives
An adjective is a word that describes somebody or something.
Adjectives either come before a noun or after verbs such as be,
get, seem, look, etc.
a busy day
nice shoes
I’m busy
those shoes look nice
He tugged his heavy, black coat closer but even
so the cold air seemed to sneak in. As they moved
further into the forest the darkness moved closer.
He could no longer see the silver buttons on his
coat. His hands became odd shapes in front of
him. So it was that he did not see the horse’s
sharp ears stick upright as she picked up on a
distant sound, too soft for a human to hear. It was
a sound that she knew only too well - the sound of
sharp claws, the soft padding of swift feet. It was
the sound of a wolf. A lean, grey wolf with sharp
eyes and an empty belly padded towards them….
Noun phrases
The term “noun phrase” can refer to just one word, eg
Tom, she, but more generally to a group of words, eg a
lot of money, the best team in the world, that functions
in the same way as a noun in the sentence.
A noun phrase can include a determiner, eg these hats,
a baby; an adjective, eg sad face, watery grave; an
additional noun which acts like an adjective, eg library
book; a prepositional phrase, eg man in the moon.
book
joke book (noun)
amusing joke book (adjective)
big, amusing joke book (adjective)
that big, amusing joke book (determiner)
that big, amusing joke book on the table
(preposition)
that big, amusing joke book on the table, by the window
that big, amusing joke book on the table, by the window
in the library
Your turn
Expand the nouns into noun phrases by adding
words before and after the noun.
 the bicycle
 the snake
 the house
 the teacher
ADVERBS - a word or phrase that modifies the meaning of an adjective,
verb, or other adverb, expressing manner, place, time, or degree (e.g.
gently, here, now, very ).
KS2 sample paper 2016
Bridie called softly. Carefully, she picked up the
candle and peered into the darkness. Shadows
flickered. She stood still and listened. Cautiously, she
moved down the corridor. Her dress rustled and she
paused. A gust of wind blew gently and the candle
flickered. Fortunately, it did not blow out. Her mind
raced madly. I will arrive soon, she muttered
anxiously.
Bridie called softly. Carefully, she picked up the
candle and peered into the darkness. Shadows
flickered. She stood still and listened. Cautiously, she
moved down the corridor. Her dress rustled and she
paused. A gust of wind blew gently and the candle
flickered. Fortunately, it did not blow out. Her mind
raced madly. I will arrive soon, she muttered
anxiously.
Adverbs give extra meaning to a
verb
How (manner) – slowly, happily, strangely
Where (place) – there, away, outside
When (time) – now, soon, later
How often (frequency) - ever, regularly
Degrees of intensity – very slowly, fairly well
Adverbial phrases
An adverbial phrase is a group of words that
functions in the same way as a single adverb,
eg by car, three times a day, last week
They left yesterday. (adverb)
They left a few days ago. (adverbial phrase)
She looked at me strangely. (adverb)
She looked at me in a strange way. (adverbial
phrase)
“Grammar to a writer is to a mountaineer a
good pair of hiking boots or, more precisely,
to a deep-sea diver an oxygen tank.”