Download HUNGER: A CLOSER LOOK

HUNGER: A CLOSER LOOK!
Signals that Increase Hunger
(Neg. Energy Balance)
Weight Loss
Leptin (adipose tissue) – Decrease
Insulin (pancreas) – Hormone secreted by
pancreas; controls blood glucose.
Insulin levels decrease when hungry Decrease
Signals that Decrease Hunger
(Pos. Energy Balance)
Weight Gain
Leptin (adipose tissue) – Protein secreted
by “bloated” fat cells; when increased
sends a message to “stop eating” to brain
that increases metabolism and decreases
hunger - Increase
Insulin (pancreas) – Increase
Neuropeptide Y (hypothalamus) –
triggers eating behavior, reduces body
metabolism, and promotes fat storage Increases
Neuropeptide Y (hypothalamus) –
Decreases
Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone
(hypothalamus) – Decreases
Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone
(hypothalamus) – reduces food intake
and increases body metabolism - Increase
Orexin (hypothalamus) – triggering
hormone secreted by hypothalamus. As
glucose levels drop, orexin levels
increase and person feels hungry Increase
Ghrelin (stomach) - Hormone secreted by
empty stomach; sends "I'm hungry"
signals to the brain. - Increase
Cholecystokinin CCK (Intestines) decreases
Orexin (hypothalamus) – Decreases
Ghrelin (stomach) – Decreases
Cholecystokinin CCK (Intestines) secreted by the intestines; it promotes
satiation and reduces or stops eating Increase
DIRECTIONS: For each of the above terms:
 (Area of Body where it is Found)
 draw a line to where they can be found in the body
 describe their function
 whether they will increase or decrease
HOW IS APPETITE/HUNGER STIMULATED?
 INCREASED levels of ghrelin, orexin, and
neuropeptide Y.
HOW IS APPETITE/HUNGER SUPPRESSED?
 INCREASED levels of leptin, insulin, CCK, and
CRH

1.
2.
3.
4.
SATIATION SIGNALS TO STOP:
taste buds that activate chemical signals in the
stomach and intestine to prepare for digesting
food
stretch receptors in the stomach that communicate
sensory information to the brainstem
hormone cholecystokinin (CCK) that is secreted
by the intestines; it promotes satiation and reduces
or stops eating
sensory-specific satiety - the reduced desire to
continue consuming a particular food
PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS THAT AFFECT
EATING:
• Through classical conditioning, the time of day at
which you normally eat acts as a conditioned
stimulus and elicits reflexive internal
physiological changes (the CR), which increases
your hunger
• Positive reinforcement plays a role in eating;
voluntary eating behaviors are followed by the
addition of a reinforcing stimulus—food
• Due to prior learning experiences, certain tastes,
especially sweet, salty, and fatty tastes, hold
greater positive incentive value