Download Global Regents Review Outline End of Year 2015

Name
World History 10-Minchillo
Global Regents Study Packet
CRITICAL INFORMATION:
When is the NYS REGENTS EXAM?
Wednesday, June 17, 2015
8:30 AM
What you will NEED?
Pens, pencils, textbook to return to Minchillo’ office (3N9) by 12:30 pm
Exam FORMAT:
50 multiple choice questions
1 thematic essay
1 document based essay with scaffolding questions
What will you need TO STUDY?
-You may choose to purchase the blue and red Baron’s Review books
-You may chose to use the outline below to assist in organizing yourself
and creating a study guide.
There are two parts to the review packet.
Part 1 is digital. It is posted on my teacher page. It is all the multiple choice questions from approximately 20 past NYS
Regents exams organized according to topics frequently asked on the test. The best way to study for this part of the test
is to do the practice questions. I suggest that you do a few topics a night.
Part 2 is this packet. It is all possible content that can be used to answer essay questions organized by themes.
It is meant to help you organize the content from the 9th and 10th grade curriculums for the essay portions of the exam. It
is organized by major THEMES, followed by examples of thematic and document-based essays from past NYS Regents:
WORLD BELIEF SYSTEMS
GEOGRAPHIC FEATURES
TURNING POINTS
GOLDEN AGES
HUMAN RIGHTS
IMPERIALISM
NATIONALISM
ECONOMIC SYSTEMS
TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE
WAR AND PEACE
TERRORISM
ENVIRONMENT AND ENERGY
DETERMINATION OF POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC SYSTEMS
Each topic has a list of critical terms to know, followed by broad questions to help synthesize your content, and example
of content that can support these questions.
How you study is up to you.
It is important to stress that not all of this content will be on the exam, so it is not mandatory for you to memorize
everything in order to do well.
However, if you are able to identify and generally explain/describe what is listed below, you should be more than
adequately prepared for the Regents Exam.
Good Luck!
May the force be with you!
Live long and prosper!
(I ran out of pop culture references...)
THEME 1
WORLD BELIEF SYSTEMS
Terms to know:
civilization
polytheism
monotheism
pilgrimage
religion
What you should know for each:
1. Identify the nation or region where it was founded.
2. Describe the basic teachings of the belief system.
3. Discuss how the belief system has influenced the culture of the areas in which it is currently practiced.
Types of Belief Systems:
Animism: Shaman
Shinto: Kami; ancestor worship; Torri
Hinduism: Ahimsa; Atman; Bhagavad Gita; Brahma; Brahman; Caste System; Ganges River; karma; Mahabharata;
Moksha; Ramayana; reincarnation; Samsara; Shiva; Untouchables; Upanishads; Vedas; Vishnu
Judaism: Abraham; Hebrew; Holy Land; messiah; Moses; Torah; Rabbi; Talmud; Ten Commandments
Buddhism: Buddha; Dalai Lama; dharma; Eightfold Path; Four Noble Truths; Siddhartha Gautama; karma; Nirvana;
reincarnation; Tripitka; Wheel of Life
Confucianism: The Analects; Confucius; dharma; filial piety; Five Relationships; Kong Fu Zi; Mencius
Taoism: Lao Tze; Tao-te-Ching; Yin and Yang
Christianity: Jesus Christ; Holy Land; Holy Trinity; New Testament; Old Testament; sacraments; Ten Commandments
Islam: Caliph; Five Pillars of Islam; hajj; Hegira; Holy Land; Imam; jihad; Mecca; Mohammed; mosque; Muezzin; Quran;
Ramadan
THEME 2
GEOGRAPHIC FEATURES
What you should know:
1. Explain how geographic features effect historical development of a nation or region, giving historical examples in your
answer.
Rivers
Rivers provide fresh water for irrigation, act as trade routes & invasion routes, and provide fertile soil along their valleys.
Major river valleys such as the Nile, Tigris-Euphrates, Indus, and Yellow, all were home to early civilizations.
Mountains
Mountains often act as barriers for civilizations. This can have a positive effect in that it protects a culture from invasion.
An example of mountains as a barrier would be the Himalayas protecting early India from China. They can also have a
negative effect by preventing cultural diffusion. An example of this would be the near isolation of the Incan Empire along
the Andes.
Oceans
Oceans often act as barriers for civilizations, but can also be a source of food and livelihood. The barrier effect has both
positive and negative aspects. A positive example would be the Pacific Ocean was a barrier to Korean invasion of Feudal
Japan. A negative example would be the Atlantic Ocean prevented cultural diffusion between Mesoamerica and the rest
of the world for centuries.
Africa has a regular coastline.
A positive effect of this was that it was difficult to invade Africa by sea. A negative effect was that Sub-Saharan Africa
remained isolated from the rest of the world for many centuries.
Islands
Islands often act as barriers to both invasion and cultural diffusion. Japan has been able to stay free of foreign control
though most of its history, but has also been isolated from the world for centuries at a time. Great Britain was able to stay
free of German control during World War II because they are an island nation.
Rainforests
Rainforests often act as barriers, but can also be a resource center. As a barrier, they prevent invasion and cultural
diffusion. An example would be the African rainforests. They can also be a source of raw materials. An example would
be the Amazon Rainforests which provide hardwoods, medicines, and other raw materials to many countries in South
America.
Deserts
Deserts often act as barriers. An example would be the Sahara Desert that protected lower Africa from invasion for many
centuries. But, the Sahara also prevented cultural diffusion to this area.
THEME 3
TURNING POINTS
-Neolithic Revolution
-Commercial Revolution
-Reformation
-Exploration
-Scientific Revolution
-Enlightenment
-Political Revolutions (19th Century)
-Nationalism (19th and 20th Century)
-Industrial Revolution
-Agrarian Revolution
-World War Two
-Cold War
-Terrorism
What you should know:
1. Describe the causes and key events that led to turning points throughout history.
2. Explain how these turning point changed the course of history in the short term and the long term.
3. Identify the major revolutions in world history and the factors that led to them
4. Identify and discuss the immediate and long terms effects of these revolutions
Neolithic Revolution
Paleolithic Period (beginnings of human life until about 10,000 BCE)
nomads
hunting and gathering
“Stone Age”
Neolithic Revolution (about 10,000 BCE, when they started to cultivate crops and domesticate animals)
permanent settlements
social classes
civilizations
terrace farming
*major turning point in human history
Commercial Revolution
(end of the European Middle Ages; Crusades)
trade increased
cultural diffusion between the Islamic world and Europe
Silk Road
Venice
The Black Plague
Guilds
Capitalism
*new business practices
*fundamental change in European society took place
*Italian City States became the center of the resurgence of trade
Reformation
Protestant Reformation
Martin Luther
John Calvin
Church Corruption
indulgences
95 Theses
Calvinism
Counter/Catholic Reformation
The Society of Jesus (Jesuits)
anti-Semitism
*affect religious life in Europe, as well as social, political, and economic institutions
Exploration
demand for goods from Asia
Trade routes
Bartholomeu Dias; Vasco Da Gama; Christopher Columbus
Old World vs. New World
Columbian Exchange
Inca
Aztecs
colonization
African diaspora
slavery
new technology
new ideas
*expansion of the Ottoman Empire caused disruption in trade
*leads to increased European populations and new lands to conquer
*turning point in history because it altered the way people lived across the world
Scientific Revolution
Copernicus: heliocentric model of the universe
Galileo: telescope
Isaac Newton: gravity
The Scientific Method
observation
experimentation
*question traditional beliefs about the workings of the universe
*changed the way people thought about the universe
*resulted in discoveries in medicine, physics, and biology
*resulted in the Enlightenment
Enlightenment
Thomas Hobbes: absolutism (man was basically greedy, selfish, and cruel); Leviathan; social contract theory; no right to
revolution
John Locke: limited goverment (could be reasonable and moral); Two Treatises of Government; Natural Rights (Life,
Liberty, and Property); right to revolution
Voltaire: freedom of speech
Baron de Montesquieu: The Spirit of the Laws; separation of powers (Judicial, Legislative, and Executive branch); checks
and balances
Jean Jacques Rousseau: The Social Contract; General Will (majority rules)
Rene Descartes: the laws of nature and man; reason
Enlightened Despots: Maria Teresa; Catherine the Great
*changed the way people lived as political and social scholars began to question the workings of society and government,
while rejecting traditional ideas
*stimulated people's sense of individualism, and the basic belief in equal rights
*led to the Glorious Revolution is Britain, the American Revolution, the French Revolution, and the Latin American
Revolutions
*a few monarchs retained absolute control of their countries while also enacting reform based on Enlightenment ideas
Political Revolutions
American Revolution: The 13 British colonies; “no taxation without representation”; Declaration of Independence; US
Constitution; US Bill of Rights
French Revolution: political, social, and economic causes; absolute monarchy; 3 Estates; King Louis XVI; Estates
General; National Assembly; limited monarchy; Constitution of 1791; representative assembly; Radicals; Maximillien
Robespierre; Reign of Terror; The Directory; Moderates; Napoleon; coup d'etat; "Liberty, Equality, Fraternity"
*democratic ideals spread across Europe
*nationalist ideas were spread
*growing middle class asserted their power, and would come to dominate politics throughout Europe as limitations were
placed on existing monarchs, or they were ousted in favor of other forms of government
*usually the result of poor or oppressive government, and many times end in a worse situation than before
*political revolutions are major turning points in a country's history.
Latin America Revolutions: causes (Enlightenment ideas, the examples of the American and French Revolutions, and the
basic inequalities present in their societies) .
Russian Revolution: causes (attempts to westernize and industrialize, maintain traditions, social structure); “autocracy,
orthodoxy, and nationality); pogroms; Czar Nicholas II; World War I; March Revolution of 1917; Bolsheviks; Vladimir
Lenin; Communists; Karl Marx; Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
Chinese Communist Revolution: Kuomintang; Jiang Jieshi (Chiang Kai Shek); Mao Zedong; the Long March; One-Party
Dictatorship
Iranian Revolution: Muhammad Reza Pahlavi; shah; westernization and modernization; Islamic fundamentalists; Ayatollah
Khomeini
Nationalism
Congress of Vienna
Metternich
Italy: Guiseppe Mazzini; Count Camillo Cavour; Guiseppe Garibaldi; Young Italy; Red Shirts
Germany: Prussia; Austria; the Zollverein; Otto von Bismarck; Blüt und Eisen (Blood and Iron); Danish War (1864);
Austro-Prussian War (1866); Franco-Prussian War
(1870); Kaiser Wilhelm I (William I)
Japan: Meiji Restoration; Tokugawa Shogunate; Emperor Meiji; rapid modernization and industrialization; expansion
Zionism: Palestine; anti-Semitism; Theodor Herzl; Israel
India: Indian National Congress; Muslim League; independence; Mohandas Gandhi; Pakistan; Bangladesh; Salt March;
nonviolence; civil disobedience
Africa: Pan Africanism
Balkans: Serbs, Greeks, Romanians, Bulgarians; Ottoman Empire; Pan Slavism; Yugoslavia; ethnic cleansing
*develops among people who usually share a common language and history
*can be an unifying force or a dividing force
Industrial Revolution
Agrarian Revolution
Enclosure Movement
Great Britain
iron ore and coal
capital
mass production
factory system
big business
shares and stockholders
profits and losses
laissez-faire economics
Adam Smith: Wealth of Nations
urbanization
working conditions
societal changes
communism: Karl Marx; The Communist Manifesto (1848); bourgeoisie; proletariat
imperialism
*effects were long reaching, and influenced many other cultures both positively and negatively
*a fundamental change in the way goods were produced, and altered the way people lived
World War Two
Fascism: nationalistic; imperialistic; Benito Mussolini; Adolf Hitler
Axis Powers
Allies
Hiroshima and Nagasaki
superpowers: the Soviet Union and the United States
*allies occupied and rebuilt Japan and Germany
*most destructive war in human history and became a turning point in history as is resulted in the division of the world into
two competing political ideologies: Democracy and Communism.
*former colonial possessions of European nations became sovereign nations, establishing their own governments.
Cold War
Stalin; Krushchev; Brezhnev; Gorbachev
arms race: brinkmanship; mutually assured destruction; deterrence;
Truman Doctrine: Marshall Plan; Berlin Airlift
bipolarization: NATO; Warsaw Pact; Third World
Berlin Wall
“Iron Curtain”
Soviet Bloc
domino theory: Korean War; Vietnam War (Viet Cong; Ho Chi Minh; escalation)
Afghanistan War
Cuban Revolution: Bay of Pigs; Cuban Missile Crisis; Castro
Glasnost
Perestroika
Post Cold War Hot Spots
Middle East: Tensions have continued to escalate in the Israeli – Palestinian struggle
North Korea: economic hardships; is rumored to posses nuclear weapons; maintains its hope of uniting the two Koreas
one day; poses a threat to the nations of the west who are allied with South Korea, namely, the United States.
India & Pakistan: India and Pakistan continue to be hostile toward each other. Issues range from religious differences, to
the subject of Kashmir, a region divided between the two in 1949; nuclear weapons
China: one party communist dictatorship; human rights issues; growing economically closer to West; Taiwan
Terrorism
Northern Ireland
Middle East
Al Qaeda
THEME 4
GOLDEN AGES
-Athens and Hellenistic Culture
-Pax Romana
-Gupta Dynasty in India
-Islamic world from the 8th through the 12th centuries
-Olmec, Maya, Aztec, and Inca of Mesoamerica
-Ghana, Mali, and Songhai of West Africa
-Shang, Zhou, Han, Tang, Song, Dynasties in China
-Japan
-Renaissance in Europe
-Enlightenment
What you should know for each:
1. Describe the specific achievements of each culture identified.
2. Explain how these achievements continue to influence the modern world
Athens and Hellenistic Culture
Terms to Know:
democracy
philosophy
Ancient Greek golden age (5th century BCE)
Pericles
city-state of Athens
Hellenistic golden age
Alexander the Great
Greek mainland all the way to the Indus River Valley
*blending of Greek, Egyptian, Persian, and many other cultures that gave rise to advancements in math, science, art, and
literature.
Government:
democracy
citizen
direct democracy
non-citizens (women, slaves)
Philosophy:
Socrates: Socratic Method; ; Society has three classes: Philosophers, Soldiers, and Workers
Plato: The Republic; favored a strong, controlling government
Aristotle: favored the one strong and wise rule as best form; human reason was the key to learning
Literature:
Aeschylus
Sophocles
*tragedies and comedies about human conflict and interaction between the gods and man
Herodotus
Art & Architecture”
idealized realism
perfect form
elaborate buildings
Greek column
Parthenon
Math & Science:
Pythagoras
Aristarchus
Eratosthenes
Euclid
Archimedes
Medicine:
Hippocrates: Hippocratic Oath
Pax Romana
Roman Republic
Senators
Patricians
Plebeians,
Conquest: Carthage, Macedonia, Greece, parts of Asia Minor
Julius Caesar
Augustus
Pax Romana
Law:
Laws of the Twelve Tables
*many aspects of this system of justice survive today in law codes around the world.
Art & Architecture:
*blending of Greek and Roman elements
the arch and dome
Pantheon
engineering: roads, harbors, bridges, aqueducts
*Egypt remained a center of learning under the Romans
Gupta Dynasty in India (320 - 550 CE)
Hinduism
strict caste system
*peace and prosperity created under Gupta leadership enabled the pursuit of scientific and artistic endeavors
Math & Science:
concept of zero
decimal system based on the number 10
Arabic Numerals
Arts & Literature:
stone temples to the various Hindu gods
Buddhists shrines to house the remains of select holy people (stupas)
*form of architecture made its way to China where it was altered slightly and renamed the pagoda.
Sanskrit
*stories spread west to Persia, Egypt, and Greece, and became the basis for many Islamic literary works such as, Ali
Baba and the Forty Thieves and Aladdin and his Magic Lamp
Islamic world from the 8th through the 12th centuries
*Islam began in the Arabian Peninsula in the early 7th century CE and quickly spread throughout the Middle East before
moving across North Africa, and into Spain and Sicily
*reasons for success: strength of the Arab armies, use of a common language, fair treatment of conquered peoples,
welcomed conversion to the Islamic faith
Arabic
Qur'an
Abbassid Dynasty (mid 8th century until the mid 13th century)
*blending of Arab, Persian, Egyptian, European traditions
Islamic art: forbidden from using human figures in religious art, style of geometric shapes and patterns, Mosques
*non-religious artists were allowed to use human figures
*Islamic architects borrowed heavily from the Byzantine Empire which used domes and arches extensively throughout
their cities
Dome of the Rock
Literature:
*most works were based on the Qur'an
*poetry about the joys and sorrows of love: “The Thousand and One Nights, which is a collection of tales that includes
such well known stories as Aladdin and His Magic Lamp”
Philosophy:
*translated philosophic texts from a variety of cultures (China, India, Ancient Greece) *scholarly commentary written about
these texts influenced a variety of cultures, including European civilizations
Math & Science:
*Islamic scholars studied both Greek and Indian mathematics before making important contributions of their own.
al-Khwarizimi: algebra
astronomy: eclipses, the rotation of the planets, calculated the circumference of the earth to within a few thousand feet.
hospitals and emergency rooms
Ibn Sina: Canon on Medicine
Trade:
*a vast trading network was created which helped to spread religion, culture, and technology among the different peoples
of the empire.
partnerships
use of credit
banks
Law:
based on the Qur'an
The Sharia
Olmec, Maya, Aztec, and Inca of Mesoamerica
Olmecs (1400 BCE - 500 BCE)
Gulf coast of Mexico
ceremonial pyramid shaped temples
Mayan Civilization (300 - 900 CE) l
city-states along the Yucatan Peninsula of Mexico and much of Central America
agricultural society
elaborate palaces and pyramid shaped temples
irrigation systems
staple crops (corn, beans, squash)
hieroglyphics
365 day a year calendar
concept of zero
Aztec (from the late 1200's until the time of European conquest)
most of Mexico
tribute
deeply religious
human sacrifice
accurate calendar similar to the Mayan
medicine: setting broken bones, filling cavities in teeth
Tenochtitlan
pyramid temple
aqueducts
causeways for travel
art: large stone carvings; colorful paintings
schools
Inca (1400's until the time of European conquest)
along the Pacific coast of South America
elaborate road system
system of relay runners
Temple of the Sun in Cuzco
terrace farming
Quipas
Ghana, Mali, and Songhai of West Africa
*all three kingdoms maintained vast trading networks across the Sahara desert and into the Middle East and North Africa
*main export was gold, which made each kingdom wealthy and strong, and provided them with the conditions necessary
for cultural and intellectual achievement
Islamic Influences:
*all influenced by Islam to different degrees
*kings of Ghana often had Islamic advisors, while Mali and Songhai established Islamic Empires after converting
*Mali, the emperor Mansa Musa was famous for his pilgrimage to Mecca, which made Mali closer to the Islamic world and
increased trade between Mali and Muslim Empire
Arts & Literature:
*religious in nature
statues and masks carved from ivory, wood, and bronze
oral and written literary traditions passed from generation to generation and contained moral lessons and were used as a
teaching device
University of Timbuktu
Commerce:
“gold for salt trade”
trade routes that were in use for centuries
*a negative effect of this interaction was the start of the slave trade
Shang, Zhou, Han, Tang, Song, Dynasties in China
Terms to Know:
pictographs
ideographs
divine right of rule
dynastic cycles
Shang Dynasty 1650 - 1027 BCE
*major contribution to Chinese culture: writing system
The ancient Chinese system of writing used, or drawings of objects, and
Zhou Dynasty 1027-256 BCE
Mandate of Heaven
Dynastic Cycle
silk
book making
brush and ink
Book of Songs
Han Dynasty 206 BCE – 220 CE
Emperor Wudi
Silk Road
Confucianism
Civil Service Exam
textbooks on subjects ranging from zoology to botany and chemistry
astronomy
clocks
make paper from wood pulp
inventions: the rudder for use on ships, the fishing reel, the wheelbarrow
acupuncture
art: carvings in jade, wood, or ivory, and the building of elaborate temples.
Tang Dynasty 618 – 907
expansion into Central and Southeast Asia (Korea and Vietnam)
tribute
redistribution of land
established a law code
renovated the canal system to encourage trade and communication inside of China
strict social structure (the gentry, the peasantry, and the merchants; rights and duties; social mobility)
inventions: gunpowder; block printing; mechanical clocks; small pox vaccine
Song Dynasty 960 – 1279
rice cultivation (two rice crops a year)
extensive trade with the India, Persia, and the Middle East
art: fine porcelain, calligraphy, landscape paintings, pagoda,
inventions: movable type printing machines, spinning wheel
Ming Dynasty 1368 ACE – 1644
better farming methods
new crops brought over from the Americas (corn, sweet potatoes)
industry: porcelain, paper, tools
communication: renovated canal system, new methods of printing, increase literacy rate
art: blue and white porcelain vases, revival of landscape painting, revival of Confucian poetry, opera, drama
Voyages of Zheng He (1405 – 1433)
Japan (early 100s CE until approximately 600 CE)
*early Japanese culture was heavily influenced by Korean and Chinese civilization, with Korea often acting as the bridge
between the other two
cultural diffusion:
*Japan also adapted Buddhist and Confucian ideas to their civilization, with Zen Buddhism becoming very popular among
the people
*Cultural ideas such as tea drinking, and the elaborate tea ceremony were also adapted from China, as well as the
architectural designs for the pagoda.
Feudal Japan (12th century until the 19th century):
Shogun
Tokugawa Shogunate(1603 - 1868)
Kabuki theatre
Haiku
landscape painting
Renaissance in Europe
*rebirth of cultural and intellectual pursuits after the stagnation of the Middle Ages
*centered in Italy during 1300s, before spreading throughout Europe in 1500 & 1600s
Humanism:
importance of education
study of ancient Greek and Roman texts
importance of the individual
Art & Architecture:
religious art
realism
revived many ancient Greek and Roman styles
Leonardo Da Vinci: “renaissance man”, Mona Lisa, The Last Supper, flying machines, underwater boats
Michelangelo: The Sistine Chapel, David.
Literature:
William Shakespeare
Dante: The Divine Comedy
Miguel de Cervantes: Don Quixote
Niccolo Machiavelli: The Prince
vernacular
Technology:
printing press
Johann Gutenberg
Gutenberg Bible
*led to a higher literacy rate among people, and helped with the spreading of Renaissance ideas.
Scientific Revolution:
* an offshoot of the Renaissance
*same spirit of inquiry that fueled the Renaissance, led scientists to question traditional beliefs about the workings of the
universe
Scientific Method
Nicolaus Copernicus
Galileo
Isaac Newton
Rene Descartes
Enlightenment
*developed as an extension of the Scientific Revolution
*attempted to explain the purpose of government and describe the best form of it
Thomas Hobbes
John Locke
Voltaire
Baron de Montesquieu
Jean Jacques Rousseau.
*Enlightenment ideas helped to stimulate people's sense of individualism, and the basic belief in equal rights
*Enlightenment ideas led to the Glorious Revolution is Britain, the American Revolution, the French Revolution, and the
Latin American Revolutions
*some of these revolutions resulted in government based upon Enlightenment ideas
Enlightened Despots: Maria Teresa, Joseph II, Catherine the Great
THEME 5
HUMAN RIGHTS
Terms to know:
Self-determination
ethnic cleansing
religious persecution
Holocaust
genocide
human rights
United Nations
Universal Declaration of Human Rights
*Since the Holocaust, efforts have been made to end human rights abuses around the world, but violations have not
prevented or punished satisfactorily
What you should know:
1. Define the term “human rights”
2. Identify examples of human rights violations, when they occurred, where they occurred, who inflicted these violations,
upon whom, and why.
3. Identify and
Examples may include:
Christians in the early Roman Empire
native peoples in Spain’s American colonies
untouchables in India
blacks in South Africa
Jews in Nazi Germany
Muslims in Bosnia,
Kurds in Iraq or Turkey
Tibetans in China
Cambodians under Khmer Rouge
Ethnic cleansing in Rowanda and Darfur, Sudan
THEME 6
IMPERIALISM
Terms to know:
white man’s burden
economic imperialism: (industrialization, competition, raw materials, markets, labor, naval bases)
political imperialism: (protectorates, colonies)
cultural imperialism
religious imperialism: (missionaries)
nationalism
What you should know:
1. What are the causes of imperialism?
2. Which countries imperialized, when and where?
3. What were the short term and long term effects of imperialism?
4. What was decolonization, and when, where, and why did it occur?
Examples may include:
England: India, Middle East, China, Caribbean, Africa
France: Southeast Asia, Africa, Caribbean, China
Germany: Africa, Caribbean, China
The Netherlands: Africa, Southeast Asia
Japan: Korea, China
United States: Pacific islands, Caribbean, Latin America
THEME 7
NATIONALISM
Terms to know:
unification
self-determination
decolonization
What you should know:
1. Identify nations or regions where nationalist movements took place.
2. Identify the leaders of these movements and when they took place.
3. Describe the historical background leading up to that nationalist movement.
4. Discuss the actions of these leaders and their movements, and what effect they had on the nation or region.
Examples may include:
Simon Bolivar
Jose de San Martin
Toussaint L’Ouverture
Fidel Castro
Camilo Cavour
Giuseppe Garibaldi
Giuseppe Mazzini
Otto von Bismarck
Sun Yixian
Jiang Jieshi
Mao Zedong
Ho Chi Minh
Mohandas Gandhi
Kwame Nkrumah
Jomo Kenyatta
Nelson Mandela
Kemal Ataturk
Gamal Abdel Nasser
Theodor Herzl
David Ben-Gurion
Ayatollah Khomeini
Yasir Arafat
THEME 8
ECONOMIC SYSTEMS
Terms to know:
scarcity
production
law of supply and demand
need verses want
traditional economy
barter
market economy
free enterprise
capitalism
command economy
communism
socialism
mixed economy
What you should know:
1. Define the term “industrialization”.
2. Identify the nations where industrialization changed the lives of workers, the economy, and social structure
3. Discuss how workers, reformers, the government, and intellectuals in each of these countries responded to the
change.
Examples may include:
Great Britain (19th century)
Japan (19th or 20th century)
Russia (19th or 20th century)
Korea (post–World War II)
THEME 9
TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE
What you should know:
1. What are the scientific or technological advances that had a major impact on global history?
2. What short term and long terms effects did these major advances have on society and the course of history?
Examples may include:
development of agriculture
irrigation systems
the astrolabe
gun powder
the printing press
the telescope
nuclear power
steam power
the microscope
the computer
the Internet
THEME 1O
WAR AND PEACE
What you should consider:
Wars have played major roles affecting the economic, social, and political development of the global community:
1. wars can lead to technological development
2. wars are often caused by the same factors
3. peace settlements often cause wars later
4. human rights can be violated
THEME 11
TERRORISM
What you should consider studying:
1. French Reign of Terror
2. Serbian Black Hand Society
3. Storm Troopers and SS in Nazi Germany
4. Palestinian Liberation Organization
5. Islamic Fundamentalism
6. Irish Republican Army
THEME 11
ENVIRONMENT AND ENERGY
What you should consider studying:
1. age if industrialization
2. industrialization in developing nations
3. desertification
4. deforestation
5. greenhouse effect
6. acid rain
7. oil crisis
8. green revolution
THEME 12
DETERMINATION OF POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC SYSTEMS
What you should consider studying:
Often political and economic systems are paired together:
1. absolute monarchy and capitalism
2. democracy and capitalism
3. totalitarianism and communism