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The Human Heart– Structure
Interesting
Facts
• In your lifetime, your heart
beats about 3 billion times
without a single break
•The aorta, the largest artery in
your body, is almost the
diameter of a garden hose
•The heart pumps about 1
million barrels of blood during
an average lifetime
Anatomy of the Heart
The Pericardium
Structure
• a double wall sac covering the heart
Function
• protects and anchors the heart
• provides a friction-free environment
Figure 13.2
Anatomy of the Heart
Think 4’s!
Four Chambers
• Right and Left Atrium
• Right and Left Ventricle
-separating the chambers is the septum
Four Vessels
• Inferior/Superior Vena Cava and Aorta
• Pulmonary Artery and Pulmonary Vein
Four Valves
• Tricuspid and Bicuspid Valve
• Pulmonary and Aortic Semilunar Valve
Anatomy of the Heart
Review Heart Anatomy Here
Anatomy of the Heart
Flow of Blood Through the Heart
 Right side of the
heart pumps
deoxygenated
blood to the lungs
 Pulmonary circuit
Figure 13.6
Flow of Blood Through the Heart
 Left side of the heart
pumps oxygenated
blood to the body
 Systemic circuit
Figure 13.6
Flow of Blood Through the Heart
 Atria pump together
 Ventricles pump together
 Valves between
chambers direct blood
flow in proper sequence
Click here to see how the blood
flows through the heart!
Figure 13.6
Pathway of Blood – Pulmonary and Systemic Circuits
R. Atrium
Pulmonary Artery
R. Ventricle
TCV
PSLV
Vena Cava
Lungs
Aorta
ASLV
L. Ventricle
BCV
L. Atrium
Pulmonary Vein
Heart Valves
 Blood flows through the heart in one direction.
 Heart valves open and close to prevent the backflow of blood
within the heart.
 The valves open and close in response to differences in blood
pressure.
Figure 13.5
Heart Valves
Atrioventricular (AV) valves (bicuspid and tricuspid)
 Prevent backflow into atria when ventricles are contracting
 Chordae tendinae and papillary muscles anchor and hold
valve flaps when closed
Heart Valves
Semilunar (SL) valves
 Prevent backflow into ventricles when ventricles relax
 Flaps are small cups, shaped like ‘half moon’
 Lack chordae tendinae of the AV valves, because they
close under less pressure
Click here to see how the valves work