Download CRCT Practice

Ecology Review
1. Which biome is MOST like the
desert in terms of precipitation?
A. Tundra
B. Tropical rain forest
C. Temperate deciduous forest
D. Temperate grassland
Answer
A. Tundra
2.
What does
adaptation mean?
2. Answer
process by which an animal or plant species
becomes fitted to its environment. Changes
that allow it to survive!!
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kVaFO0cVoo
3. Which type of plant leaves are an
adaptation for life in a warm forest?
A. Thin needles that conserve water
B. Broad flat leaves that collect sunlight
C. Needles that limit the movement of
oxygen
D. Narrow blades that prevent the flow of
carbon dioxide.
Answer
B. Broad flat leaves that collect sunlight
4. Which of these organisms are
decomposers?
A. Grasses
B. Fungi
C. Herbivores
D. Carnivores
Answer
B. Fungi
5. Where do rivers begin?
A. In estuaries
B. In ocean inlets
C. In marshes
D. In mountain streams
Answer
D. In mountain streams
6.
•What is an estuary?
Answer
• the tidal mouth of a large river, where the
tide meets the stream.
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XLum
SN4G5P4
7. Which quotation is an example
of a scientist drawing a conclusion?
A. “I think ribosomes are involved in making
B.
C.
D.
proteins.”
“Ribosomes are formed from proteins and
genetic material.”
“Do cells that make many proteins have more
ribosomes than other cells?”
“Observations support my hypothesis that cells
that produce large amounts of proteins have
many ribosomes.”
Answer
D. “Observations support my hypothesis
that cells that produce large amounts of
proteins have many ribosomes.”
8. An environmental scientist says that mountains
do not fit into any specific biome. What is the
reasoning behind this statement?
A. No precipitation falls on a mountain
B. Mountains are not very common
C. The temperature in a mountain region
cannot be measured
D. Conditions vary widely from the base to
the summit of a mountain
Answer
D. Conditions vary widely from the base to
the summit of a mountain
9. A fossil 362,000 years old. Several scientists
analyze the fossil to measure its age. Which
measurement MOST accurately reflects the age of
the fossil?
A. 250,000
B. 300,000
C. 350,000
D. 400,000
Answer
C. 350,000
10. Margie’s science class is studying the
composition of sea water. Margie
accidentally drops a graduated cylinder and
it breaks on the floor. Margie should
A. Immediately tell her teacher
B. Stay away from the spill until the end of
class
C. Quickly pick up the broken glass, then
tell her teacher
D. Clean up the glass along with any water,
and throw it all in the trash can
Answer
A. Immediately tell her teacher
11. Spanish moss grows on the branches of oak
trees. The moss benefits from being up high and
the tree is neither helped nor harmed. What type
of relationship exists between these organisms?
A. Mutualism
B. Parasitism
C. Competition
D. Commensalism
Answer
D. Commensalism
12. The dodo bird is an herbivore that once
flourished on the island of Mauritius. Explorers
landed on the island and some brought animals
that hunted the dodo bird. Because of this change,
the dodo population MOST LIKELY
A. Decreased because predators killed them
B. Increased to make up for any losses
C. Was not affected because the animals
were new to the island
D. Became predators that fed on the new
animals
Answer
A. Decreased because predators killed them
13. How are the offspring of sexual
reproduction different from the
offspring of asexual reproduction?
A. The offspring of asexual reproduction cannot
B.
C.
D.
reproduce when they mature
The offspring of asexual reproduction have the
same genetic material as the parent
The offspring of sexual reproduction have the
same genetic material as the parent
The offspring of sexual reproduction can
reproduce only through sexual reproduction
Answer
B. The offspring of asexual reproduction
have the same genetic material as the
parent
14. Which animal is MOST LIKELY to be
found in a tropical rain forest?
A. Polar bear
B. Buffalo
C. Parrot
D. Lynx
Answer
C. Parrot
15. An organism has sharp canine
teeth. How might this be an adaptation
that helps the organism to survive?
A. It makes the organism a successful
carnivore
B. It helps the organism to stay warm in
low temperatures
C. It enables the organism to live in water
D. It protects the organism as it hibernates
Answer 15
A. It makes the organism a successful
carnivore
16. Scientists attempt to develop an
accurate fossil record. Which statement is
BEST supported by the fossil record?
A. New species develop every day
B. Most species that ever existed have
become extinct
C. Most species persist for millions of years
without change
D. Species have only started to become
extinct in recent times
Answer
B. Most species that ever existed have
become extinct
17. A researcher has developed a food
web to describe a specific ecosystem.
What is the purpose of a food web?
A. To count the number of organisms in
each population
B. To predict how a group of organisms will
change over time
C. To show how matter and energy flow
through the ecosystem
D. To identify changes that have occurred
in a species over generations
Answer
C. To show how matter and energy flow
through the ecosystem
18. Millions of years ago, a dinosaur stepped
in soft clay. As sunlight baked and hardened
the clay, the footprint was preserved as a
A. Rock
B. Fossil
C. Species
D. Fossil fuel
Answer
B. Fossil
19. What is one of the products of
photosynthesis?
A. Sunlight
B. Oxygen
C. Chlorophyll
D. Carbon Dioxide
Answer
B. Oxygen
20. The word symbiosis has a Greek
origin. What is the MOST LIKELY
translation of the word in Greek?
A. Hiding
B. Building
C. Making food
D. Living together
Answer
D. Living together
21. What is photosynthesis?
A. The process through which plants make
food
B. The process through which cells obtain
energy
C. The process through which the Sun
transmits energy
D. The process through which cells grow
and divide
Answer
A. The process through which plants make
food
22. How do cows obtain the food
they need?
A. They produce it using sunlight
B. They eat plants, which made food
through photosynthesis
C. They produce food from energy released
by their cells
D. They convert gases in the air into food
their cells can use
Answer
B. They eat plants, which made food
through photosynthesis
23. How does asexual reproduction
differ from sexual reproduction?
A. It involves only one parent.
B. It results in a single offspring.
C. It occurs only in organisms that live in
water.
D. It does not involve the copying of
genetic information.
Answer
A. It involves only
one parent.
24. Which of these organisms
almost always reproduces sexually?
A. Bacterium
B. Animal
C. Fungi
D. Protist
Answer
B. Animal
25. Which of the following
organisms always reproduces
asexually?
A. Bacteria
B. Fungi
C. Plants
D. Animals
Answer
A. Bacteria
26. Which food might a first-level
consumer eat?
A. Fish
B. Bacteria
C. Corn
D. Worms
Answer
C. Corn
27. An organism found in an ecosystem
breaks down dead plants and animals. In
the process, it releases carbon dioxide into
the atmosphere. This organism is MOST
LIKELY a
A. Producer
B. Consumer
C. Carnivore
D. Decomposer
Answer
D. Decomposer
28. Which process removes carbon
from the atmosphere?
A. Combustion
B. Respiration
C. Photosynthesis
D. Volcanic eruption
Answer
C. Photosynthesis
29. In an ecosystem, plants use the
sun’s energy to
A. Make sugars
B. Create more energy
C. Release decomposers
D. Create carbon and nitrogen
Answer
A. Make sugars
30. About how much energy is
passed on to each successive
trophic level in an ecosystem?
A. 10%
B. 25%
C. 50%
D. 100%
Answer
A. 10%
31. Vampire bats generally live in dark
caves, hollows of trees, or attics of
abandoned buildings. At night, they feed on
the blood of other mammals. What is the
ultimate source of energy for vampire bats?
A. Moonlight
B. Insects
C. Sunlight
D. Blood
Answer
C. Sunlight
32. A marsh experiences a sudden,
unusual freeze. Many organisms die as
a result. The freeze can be considered
A. A population
B. A limiting factor
C. An extinction
D. Carrying capacity
Answer
B. A limiting
factor
33. What is the MOST important reason
for a scientist to keep honest, clear,
and accurate records?
A. So other scientists can validate the
results
B. So the results can be published in a
science journal
C. So the scientist can receive funding for
the research
D. So the scientist can present the findings
on television
Answer
A. So other scientists
can validate the
results
34. A researcher proposes a hypothesis to explain
why a population of deer is decreasing. After
several years of research, the scientist concludes
that the hypothesis was not completely accurate.
Which statement BEST describes the scientist’s
work?
A. The research was a waste of time because the
B.
C.
D.
hypothesis was false.
The data should be adjusted to suggest that the
hypothesis was correct.
The hypothesis should be accepted anyway
because the scientist invested so much time in
the research.
The hypothesis was still valuable because it led
to new scientific knowledge.
Answer
D. The hypothesis was
still valuable because
it led to new
scientific knowledge.
35. What happens to the carbon in
an organism’s body when the
organism dies?
A. The carbon is destroyed.
B. The carbon remains trapped in its
tissues.
C. The carbon is returned to the
environment by decomposers.
D. The carbon is changed into other
elements that are needed by soil.
Answer
C. The carbon is
returned to the
environment by
decomposers
36. Two populations with limited
resources experience
A. Competition
B. Commensalism
C. Predation
D. Parasitism
Answer
A. Competition
37. Predators have relationships
with prey. In a similar way,
parasites have relationships with
A. Competitors
B. Mutuals
C. Hosts
D. Other parasites
Answer
C. Hosts
38. A major factor used to classify
biomes is
A. The climate in the region
B. The sources of water present
C. The surface area of the region
D. The number of people that live there
Answer
A. The climate in the region
39. Which two biomes receive the
LEAST amount of precipitation?
A. Savanna and taiga
B. Tundra and desert
C. Tropical rain forest and temperate
deciduous forest
D. Temperate grassland and temperate
deciduous forest
Answer
B. Tundra and
desert
40. Which of these biomes is
closest to the equator?
A. Taiga
B. Desert
C. Savanna
D. Temperate deciduous forest
Answer
C. Savanna
41. A researcher is studying the plants and
animals in a particular biome. The
observations include ferns, large woody
vines, monkeys, sloths, and boa
constrictors. In which biome is the
researcher located?
A. Desert
B. Tropical savanna
C. Tropical rain forest
D. Temperate deciduous forest
Answer
C. Tropical
rain forest
42. About how much of Earth’s
water is fresh water?
A. 3%
B. 30%
C. 75%
D. 97%
Answer
A. 3%
43. A researcher is investigating an
estuary. What is an important
characteristic of an estuary?
A. Its water is locked into frozen sheets of ice
B. It consists of cold salt water under high
C.
D.
pressure
It is formed by cold, fresh water moving
rapidly
It contains a mixture of salt water and fresh
water It contains a mixture of salt water and
fresh water
Answer
D. It contains a mixture of
salt water and fresh water It
contains a mixture of salt
water and fresh water
44. Which of these is an example
of a marine ecosystem?
A. Stream
B. Ocean
C. River
D. Lake
Answer
B. Ocean
45. Why are photosynthetic
plankton found only near the
surface of the oceanic zone?
A. They are too light to sink deeper
B. This region of the ocean is very shallow
C. Large organisms along the ocean floor
eat them
D. Sunlight penetrates only for a few
hundred meters
Answer
D. Sunlight penetrates only for a few
hundred meters
46. People can swallow the eggs of
tapeworms in unclean water or food.
Tapeworms can live inside the digestive
system of humans. There they grow and
feed off the food the person eats. As a
result, the person does not receive proper
nourishment and becomes ill. What kind of
relationship exits between humans and
tapeworms?
A. Predation
B. Parasitism
C. Mutualism
D. Competition
Answer
B. Parasitism
47. Sometimes a fungus reproduces
sexually. At others, it reproduces asexually.
What is the difference between these two
processes?
A. Sexual reproduction involves two parents
B. Sexual reproduction results in only one
offspring
C. Sexual reproduction does not involve
genetic material
D. Sexual reproduction produces genetically
identical offspring
Answer
A. Sexual
reproduction
involves two parents
48. A researcher is investigating the
conditions of the biome in which
Georgia is located. What biome is the
researcher studying?
A. Desert
B. Tropical savanna
C. Temperate grassland
D. Temperate deciduous forest
Answer
D. Temperate
deciduous forest
49. A plant called the bullhorn acacia has
swollen thorns with hollow spaces inside. A
certain species of ant lays eggs inside these
thorns. The ants feed from the nectar of the
acacia without harming it. The ants protect
the acacia from insects that want to eat its
leaves or bark. What type of relationship
exists between the plant and the ants?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Mutualism
Predation
Mimicry
Parasitism
Answer
A. Mutualism
50. A friend from South America visits
Georgia during a snowstorm. She
exclaims, “This must be the tundra!”
What is the value of her claim?
A. She must be correct because the tundra
B.
C.
D.
receives a lot of snow
She cannot make a scientific statement
because she is not a scientist
She cannot draw conclusions about a biome
based on temperature and precipitation
She cannot make a valid conclusion based on
such a small sample of conditions
Answer
D. She cannot make a
valid conclusion based
on such a small
sample of conditions
51. Lichens consist of a fungus and alga.
The fungus provides a structure on which
the alga can grow. The alga produces sugar
that the fungus can use. What type of
relationship exists between these two
organisms?
A. Parasitism
B. Predation
C. Competition
D. Mutualism
Answer
D. Mutualism
52. The prevailing theory had always been
that life could exist only if photosynthetic
organisms such as plants were available.
What experimentation and discovery led to
a change in scientific knowledge concerning
this theory?
A. Organisms that create energy that did not
B.
C.
D.
exist before
Organisms that conduct photosynthesis
without sunlight
Organisms that can use energy stored in
chemical compounds
Organisms that do not require energy to carry
out life functions
Answer
C. Organisms that
can use energy
stored in chemical
compounds
53. What do all of these organisms
have in common?
Rabbit, fish, hawk,
paramecium
A. They are all animals
B. They all live on land
C. They are all producers
D. They are all consumers
Answer
D. They are all
consumers
54. People have different ideas about the
effect humans have on ecosystems. What is
one way that humans help in the survival of
species?
A. By clear-cutting forests
B. By using pesticides to protect plants
C. By protecting habitats as national
preserves
D. By draining wetlands to make room for
construction
Answer
C. By protecting
habitats as
national preserves
55. Many scientists believe that the
extinction of the dinosaurs was caused by
the impact of a huge asteroid or meteor.
How might this event have caused the
extinction?
A. It formed a cloud that blocked sunlight needed
B.
C.
D.
for photosynthesis
It landed on all the dinosaurs and caused them
to die
It landed on all the plants and caused them to
die
It made a hole into which the dinosaurs fell
Answer
A. It formed a cloud
that blocked
sunlight needed for
photosynthesis
56. Why did the population of
peppered moths in England change
from light to dark after the Industrial
Revolution?
A. Light moths were killed by soot
B. Dark moths were produced by industrial
processes
C. The birds that ate the dark moths were
killed by the soot
D. Light moths were more obvious against
the soot-stained trees
Answer
D. Light moths were
more obvious against
the soot-stained trees
57. Which of these would be
considered an adaptation of an animal
that lives in the snowy tundra?
A. A thick coat
B. Green colored skin
C. Large, flat leaves
D. Webbed feet
Answer
A. A thick coat
58. Which of these items is MOST
LIKELY to be preserved as a fossil?
A. A leaf
B. A tooth
C. Hair
D. Blood
Answer
B. Tooth
59. Most fossils formed in
A. Igneous rock
B. Sand
C. Sedimentary rock
D. Metamorphic rock
Answer
C. Sedimentary
rock
60. What types of trees are
common in a temperate deciduous
forest?
A. Trees that lose their leaves and grow
new ones each year
B. Trees have needles instead of flat leaves
C. Trees that are small and are spread far
apart from one another
D. Trees that are tall, thick, and leafy and
keep their leaves all year
Answer
Trees that lose
their leaves and
grow new ones each
year
A.
61. The owner of a construction company
says that cutting all of the trees in an area
will not affect the environment. Which
statement accurately counts this claim?
A. Trees create energy that is used by other
B.
C.
D.
organisms
Trees will make the neighborhood look nicer
for buyers
Trees are close to becoming extinct and must
be preserved
Trees produce food and provide homes for
other organisms
Answer
D. Trees produce
food and provide
homes for other
organisms
62. Many people hang mistletoe over
doorways during winter holidays. Mistletoe
is a plant that feeds on the branches of oak
trees. In so doing, it takes away from the
nourishment of the tree. What type of
relationship exists between oak trees and
mistletoe?
A. Parasitism
B. Mutualism
C. Predation
D. Competition
Answer
A. Parasitism
63. What happens to energy as it
flows through an ecosystem?
A. Much of the energy is destroyed
B. Most of the energy is converted into heat
C. The amount of energy is doubled at each
trophic level
D. Energy becomes forever trapped in the
tissues of organisms
Answer
B. Most of the energy is
converted into heat
64. H. B. D. Kettlewell conducted a series of
experiments to test natural selection among
peppered moths. Michael E. N. Majerus
argued that Kettlewell’s experiments were
not conclusive and that further
experimentation needs to be completed.
What flaw in Kettlewell’s experiment needs
to be corrected?
A. All variables were not controlled
B. Results were not published quickly enough
C. The conclusion opposed an existing theory
D. The experiment involved living organisms
Answer
A. All variables
were not
controlled
65. A Researcher is studying the pine,
spruce, and fir trees during the short
summer in a particular biome. During the
study, the researcher tries not to disturb the
lynx, wolves, bear, and moose that can be
found in the area. In what biome is the
researcher located?
A. Desert
B. Taiga
C. Savanna
D. Tropical rain forest
Answer
B. Taiga
66. Over many generations populations
of giraffes developed longer necks.
Why might such a change occur?
A. Long necks help giraffes escape from
B.
C.
D.
predators
Humans find long necks more attractive in
giraffes
Giraffes with longer necks can obtain food
sources other animals cannot reach
Giraffes with longer necks require more food
than giraffes with shorter necks
Answer
C. Giraffes with longer necks can obtain
food sources other animals cannot reach
67. The clownfish lives among the tentacles
of tropical sea anemones. The fish protects
the anemone from fish that want to eat it.
In turn, the stinging tentacles of the
anemone protect the clownfish from
predators. A mucus on the fish protects it
from the tentacles. What type of
relationship does this example describe?
A. Parasitism
B. Mutualism
C. Predation
D. Competition
Answer
B. Mutualism
68. Birds known as cattle egrets feed near
grazing cattle. The cattle disturb the
vegetation, flushing out insects. The birds
feed on these insects. The cattle are neither
helped nor harmed by this relationship
which is an example of
A. Parasitism
B. Mutualism
C. Predation
D. Commensalism
Answer
D.
Commensalism
69. Which of these biomes is closest in
latitude to the North Pole?
A. Tropical rain forest
B. Savanna
C. Desert
D. Tundra
Answer
D. Tundra
70.What is the most direct source of
energy used by the sunflower plant?
A. It uses energy from decayed matter in
the soil
B. It creates energy from elements in the
air and soil
C. It obtains energy from animals in its
environment
D. It converts the energy of sunlight into
chemical energy
Answer
D. It converts the energy of sunlight into
chemical energy
71. Several groups of scientists are
conducting research in an attempt to
understand how hydrothermal vents are
related to ocean life. What scientific benefit
results when different groups investigate the
same question?
A. Scientists avoid bias because people within the
B.
C.
D.
same group tend to think alike
Scientists can write longer reports than they
can alone
Scientists can use lots of equipment to study
the same topic
Scientists can become more famous if many
people study a topic
Answer
A. Scientists avoid bias because people
within the same group tend to think alike
72. The energy flow through an
ecosystem is BEST described by a
A. Square
B. Pyramid
C. Circle
D. Rectangle
Answer
B. Pyramid
73. A student conducts an investigation
involving photosynthesis in plants. He places
a water plant into a container of water. He
then exposes the plant to light and counts
the number of oxygen bubbles produced.
What variable does the student change, or
manipulate, during this experiment?
A. Plant type
B. Light intensity
C. Water temperature
D. Amount of oxygen produced
Answer
B. Light intensity
74. Which unit of measure is MOST
appropriate for measuring the length of
a river?
A. Millimeter
B. Centimeter
C. Meter
D. Kilometer
Answer
D. Kilometer
75. Lena’s family is camping in a national
park. The region they have chosen has
definite seasons and rainfall that is spread
out throughout the year. They set their
camp among maple, oak, and elm trees.
During their stay, they see white-tailed deer,
raccoons, and squirrels. In which biome is
Lena’s family camping?
A. Taiga
B. Savanna
C. Tropical rain forest
D. Temperate deciduous forest
Answer
D. Temperate
deciduous forest
76. A scientist proposes a hypothesis to
explain how particles are brought into cells
as a result of active transport. Research
indicates that the hypothesis is not entirely
accurate. What should the scientist do as a
result of this conclusion?
A. The scientist should change jobs
B. The scientist should learn from the research
C.
D.
and revise the hypothesis
The scientist should insist that the original
hypothesis was correct
The scientist should publish the hypothesis
anyway
Answer
B. The scientist should learn from the
research and revise the hypothesis
77. Animals do NOT obtain nitrogen
from the air because
A. Air does not contain much nitrogen
B. Nitrogen in the air is in a form that
animals cannot use
C. Animals do no need nitrogen for any life
processes
D. Animals must create nitrogen from
materials they eat
Answer
B. Nitrogen in the air is in a form that
animals cannot use
78. A tick lives on the skin of an animal,
such as a deer. The tick obtains
nourishment from the blood of the animal.
What type of relationship exists between the
tick and the deer?
A. Mutualism
B. Parasitism
C. Competition
D. Commensalism
Answer
B. Parasitism
79. What is the shape of a population graph
once the population has reached the
carrying capacity for the environment?
A. The graph is vertical
B. The graph is basically flat
C. The graph slants steeply upward
D. The graph slants steeply downward
Answer
B. The graph is
basically flat
80. How do animals living in
ecosystems on land depend on plants
for survival?
A. Plants use sunlight to make food
B. Plants create energy that animals use
C. Plants make up the land they walk on
D. Plants release carbon dioxide into the air
Answer
A. Plants use
sunlight to
make food
81. In a population of codfish, a scientist
notes that some fish have larger fins than
others. These differences among the traits
of organisms in a population are known as
A. Variation
B. Evolution
C. Extinction
D. Competition
Answer
A. Variation
82. Large reef fish have a mutualistic
relationship with cleaner fish. This means
that as a result of the relationship
A. One fish is hurt
B. Both fish benefit
C. One fish benefits
D. Neither fish benefits
Answer
B. Both fish benefit
83. A researcher is collecting evidence to
study an organism that lives in the benthic
zone of the ocean. Where can this organism
be found?
A. In an estuary
B. Along the bottom
C. On the sandy shore
D. Floating near the surface
Answer
B. Along the
bottom
84. A scientist is studying the symbiotic
relationship between two animals.
What statement about this study is
true?
A. Special care must be taken with animals used
B.
C.
D.
in scientific research
Animals change over time so they cannot be
used for scientific studies
People like animals so the results of their
studies will always be popular
Animals are easily replaced and therefore
make useful subjects for study
Answer
A. Special care must
be taken with
animals used in
scientific research
85. A horse feeds on grains as well as fruits
and vegetables. What role does a horse play
in an ecosystem?
A. Producer
B. First-level consumer
C. Second-level consumer
D. Decomposer
Answer
B. First-level
consumer
86. What will MOST LIKELY happen to a
population of grasshoppers in an ecosystem
where a chemical kills all of the grass?
A. The population will increase to make up for the
B.
C.
D.
lost grass
The population will have to learn to produce its
own food
The population will decrease because they lost
a food supply
The population will not be affected because
grasshoppers are separate from plants
Answer
. The population will
decrease because
they lost a food
supply
C