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Download Give 3 advantages of having a wide range of plants
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Give 3 advantages of having a wide range of plants. Name the 3 parts of a seed. ANS More choice of food / more habitats More raw materials to use More medicines ANS Seed coat, food store and embryo Give 3 specialist uses of plants What is the function of the seed coat? ANS For medicines, food and raw material ANS Protects the seed List 3 potential uses of plants. Credit ANS New medicines, new raw materials, new foods / making biofuels List 1 possible consequence to humans if there is a reduction in the variety of plant species. Credit ANS Less food to eat OR less medicines List 1 possible consequence to animals if there is a reduction in the variety of plant species. Credit ANS Less habitats OR Less food to eat What is the function of the food store in the seed? ANS To provide the embryo with energy to grow What is the function of the embryo? ANS To grow into a new plant List 3 factors that are required for germination. ANS warmth, oxygen, water Why do seeds need oxygen to germinate? What is the function of the anthers in a flower? ANS To aerobically respire which will provide give energy ANS To produce the pollen grains Why do seeds need water? What is the function of the stigma in a flower? ANS to allow the enzymes in the seed to work ANS To catch the pollen grains Why do seeds need warmth? What is the function of the ovary in flower? ANS To provide an optimum temperature for the enzymes to work What is the function of the sepals in a flower? ANS To protect the flower bud What is the function of the petals in a flower? ANS To produce the female eggs (ova) What is the function of nectary in a flower? ANS To attract insects into the flower as it a food for them Explain pollination ANS if the petals are coloured they will attract insects What is the function of the stamen ANS It is the male reproductive part of the flower ANS The transfer of pollen from the anther to the stigma. List two methods of pollination ANS wind and insect Why does the stamen hang out of the flower in a wind pollinated flower? Credit ANS The stamen hangs out of the flower to put the pollen into the wind Why does the stigma hang outside a wind pollinated flower? Credit ANS To catch the pollen in the wind Why does the male gamete travel down the pollen tube? Credit ANS To fertilise the female egg in the ovule Which part of the flower forms the fruit? ANS The ovary Why do insect pollinated flowers have nectar. Credit List 3 ways that a fruit can be designed to disperse the seeds. Credit ANS To attract insects into the flower ANS Wind, animal internal and animal external Why do insect pollinated flowers have anthers inside the flower? Credit Describe a fruit that can use wind disperal. Credit ANS So they can stamp the pollen onto the insects when it visits the flower ANS The fruit can fly through the air by having feathery parachutes or by wings What happens after the pollen lands on the stigma? Credit ANS It grows a pollen tube down to the ovule in the ovary Describe a fruit that uses animal internal to disperse the seeds. Credit ANS The fruit will be edible Describe a fruit that uses animal external to disperse the seeds. Credit List 2 advantages of plants using sexual reproduction. Credit ANS The fruit will have hooks to attach to the animal ANS Offspring will show variation which helps them survive Seeds can be dispersed to a new area to reduce competition. Describe two ways to artificially propagate plants. ANS Grafting and cuttings Name two advantages to humans using artificial propagation of plants. Credit ANS It produces a guaranteed type of plant / It produces a lot of plants quickly What is meant by the term clone? Credit ANS Offspring that are genetically identical to the parent Name 2 ways plants can naturally produce new plants by asexual reproduction. ANS Runners and tubers List 2 advantages of a plant using asexual reproduction. Credit ANS It can produce lots of plants quickly covering an area to reduce competition It guarantees to pass on any suitable genes to the offspring. Why do plants need a transport system? List one other function of the xylem vessels other than transport. Credit ANS To transport substances from roots to leaves and leaves to roots. ANS What substances are transported in the xylem vessels? Which part of the plant allows CO2 gas to be taken in from the air? ANS Water and minerals from root to the rest of the plant What is transported in the phloem? ANS Food from leaves to rest of the plant. Describe the structure of the xylem vessels? Credit ANS Long, hollow, lignified tube Describe the structure of the phloem tubes. Credit ANS Have sieve cells with perforated cross walls to transport the food and companion cells, with a nucleus, to keep sieve cells working. For support ANS Through the stomata in the leaves List the 4 tissues in a leaf. Credit ANS Upper epidermis, palisade and spongy mesophyll and lower epidermis List two ways the leaves are designed to allow gas exchange. Credit ANS Stomata on the underside of the leaf / very thin / air spaces in the spongy mesophyll tissue List 3 fates of CO2 taken in by the leaves of the plant. Credit ANS In starch (a storage carbohydrate) or in cellulose (a structural carbohydrate) or glucose (an energy source) What do green plants convert light energy into? ANS chemical energy What do plants need to have to change light energy into chemical energy? ANS Chlorophyll What two raw materials do plants need to take in to carry out photosynthesis? ANS H2O and CO2 What are the 2 products of photosynthesis. ANS Glucose + oxygen List 3 limiting factors of photosynthesis. Credit ANS CO2 concentration, light intensity and temperature Explain the definition of a limiting factor in photosynthesis. Credit ANS Any factor, which if in short supply, will limit the rate of photosynthesis