Download midterm review packet _2 skeletal and muscular systems student

Anatomy and Physiology Midterm Review #2
Skeletal and Muscular Systems
o List the different functions of the Skeletal System
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o Two types of bone tissue (What is it? Where is it found? What is the
purpose?)
 Compact-

Spongy-
o Give examples of the different bones listed below:
 Long Bones
Short Bones-

Flat Bones-
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Irregular Bones-
o Anatomy of a Long Bone – You should be able to label the following on a
diagram of a long bone:
(Diaphysis, Epiphysis, Compact Bone, Spongy Bone and Periosteum)
 You should also know where the red bone marrow is found and where
yellow bone marrow is found along with the functions of both.
Label:

Red Bone Marrow-
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Yellow Bone Marrow-
o Describe the function of the bone cells listed below:
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Osteoblasts:
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Osteoclasts:
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Briefly describe the process of bone remodeling using the
vocabulary words above:
o Bone Fractures (Common types/characteristics):
Describe an Open (Compound) Fracture:
Describe a Closed Fracture:
Identify the type of fracture underneath each picture:
o List the parts of the Axial Skeleton:
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o List the parts of the Appendicular Skeleton:
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What are the gender differences in the pelvis
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Describe the following joint movements in your own words:
Abduction:
Adduction:
Flexion:
Extension:
Hyperextension:
Supination:
Pronation:
Rotation:
Muscular System
1. Functions of muscles:
a.
b.
c.
d.
2. What are the three types of muscle? Explain the function and characteristics of each
type.
a.
b.
c.
d.
3. Microscopic Anatomy of a Skeletal Muscle: Describe the following words.
-Sarcoplasmic reticulum:
-Myofibril:
-Sarcomere
Organization of the sarcomere:
o Thick filament:
o Thin filament:
-What happens to the sarcomere during muscle contraction?
______________________________________________________
- What makes up a motor unit?
______________________________________________________________
-Why are you out of breath after a hard workout? Why do your muscles burn? How
does this help our bodies maintain homeostasis?
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Complete the following sentences:
-The muscle that is mostly involved in any specific action is called the __________ __________.
-Muscles that surround and help are ______________.