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Midterm Review 4 • • • • • What is the belief in many gods? monotheism autocracy theocracy polytheism 10 • Who is China's most influential scholar, whose teachings are found in the Analects? • Confucius • Shi Huangdi • Ramses • Chandragupta 9 • What is the belief of Confucius that states a person should be respectful to their parents and elders is called? • Filial Piety • Daoism • bureaucracy • Autocracy 14 • • • • • What is another term for a Greek city-state? Polis acropolis Agora Parthenon 16 • What emperor adopts Christianity as the official religion of the Roman Empire? • Augustus IV • Socrates • Julius Caesar • Constantine 19 • What were the reasons that Christianity spread throughout the Roman Empire? • It embraced all people: men and women, rich and poor • Rome’s excellent roads encouraged the spread of ideas • Jesus promised eternal life • All of the above 1 • The theocracy of ancient Egypt was a belief in the divinity of __________. • Ra. • Priests • Isis. • the pharaoh 2 • What ruler was famous for a uniform code of laws that unified his empire? • Harappan • Hammurabi • Shang • Mesopotamia 5 • How did the Mandate of Heaven affect government in China? • The Mandate of Heaven led to long periods of peace among families. • Religious leaders read oracle bones to select new Rulers. • It allowed new rulers to justify the overthrow of a declining dynasty. • The ruler received a direct mandate from heaven that he should resign. 20 • What was the body of civil law created for the Byzantine Empire? • Roman law • Orthodox law • Justinian Code • Greek Code 25 • What division of Islam believes that only a relative of Muhammad is qualified to be a leader? • Sufi • Sunni • Shi’a • Fatimid Chart-26 • • • • • How do Muslims lead a moral life? through obedience to God's law through a personal relationship with God through submission to God's will through following the Five Pillars 30 • What was one negative effect of the Crusades that has continued to the present? • weakening of the feudal nobility • trade between Europe and Asia • hostility between Muslims and Christians • strengthening of papal authority 21 • What was the major effect of the Great Schism? • The Christian church united under one pope • The church split into Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox • The Christian church united under the Emperor • Jesus was no longer the supreme authority 22 • What was the most important enduring contribution of the Mongol empire? • Using cruelty as a weapon became acceptable • They used the same type of attack for every battle • Different cultures were not tolerated • Trade between Europe and Asia thrived 3 • What is a series of rulers that come from a single family? • dynasty • loess • pictographs • edict 6 • • • • • How did Buddhism spread across Asia? trade missionary efforts conquest pilgrimages by the faithful 7 • What is one belief shared by Hinduism and Buddhism? • many gods • the caste system • reincarnation • the sacredness of all life Chart-11 • Which civilization on the chart lasted the longest? • Sumerian • Harappan • Shang/Zhou • Egyptian Chart-12 • Which civilizations existed at the same time as the Phoenicians? • Israelite, Egyptian, Aryan, and Shang/Zhou • Egyptian, Minoan, Israelite, and Sumerian • Sumerian, Aryan, Shang/Zhou, and Minoan • Israelite, Hittite, Babylonian, and Sumarian Chart-13 • What civilization probably built on the ideas of the Sumerian civilization? • Minoan • Israelite • Aryan • Babylonian 8 • What is one Phoenician contribution that people still benefit from today? • the introduction of Indo-Aryan languages to Europe. • the invention of the sail. • the invention of the phonetic alphabet. • the invention of the labyrinth. 15 • What happened to Julius Caesar after he declared himself dictator for life? • Traveled to far reaches of empire • Adopted Christianity as official language • Embraced by the people • Assassinated 18 • What was the period of peace and prosperity that began during the reign of Augustus and lasted 207 years? • Golden Age • Age of Enlightenment • Pax Romana • Zhou Dynasty 17 • What was an economic factor that led to the fall of the Roman Empire? • The spread of Christianity • lack of patriotism • Invaders disrupted trade • letters from Paul 29 • What was the chief goal of the Crusades? • to spread Christianity throughout the Americas • to take control of Jerusalem and the Holy Land from the Muslims • to improve trade among Europe, Asia, and Africa • to force the Byzantines to become Catholics 23 • What famous religious structure was built by Justinian to show the greatness of the Byzantine Empire? • Aqueducts • Coliseum • Hagia Sophia • Hippodrome 24 • • • • • What do Muslims believe about Muhammad? He was the last and greatest of the prophets He was the only son of the one true God, Allah He was the first and only prophet of Allah He was a combination of god and man Chart-27 • What are two important teachings that are common to all three faiths? • Judgment Day and dietary laws • one God and life after death • one God and dietary laws • Judgment Day and Five Pillars Chart-28 • In which faith(s) are spiritual leaders required to remain unmarried? • Islam • Catholicism • Judaism • Islam and Catholicism 31 • What is feudalism? • An economic system in which merchants held power through trade. • A system during the Renaissance in which wealthy merchants supported artists. • In exchange for military protection and other services, a lord (landowner) granted land to other people. • A situation during the Middle Ages in which families feuded with one another. 32 • • • • • What is a synonym for secular? new humane worldly religious 33 • Toward the end of Medieval times, what was one factor that led to the growth of towns and cities? • Discovery of antibiotics • Improved agriculture led to a population growth + a merchant class • End of the influenza epidemic • The Ice Age 34 • Why was Italy an ideal place for the birth of the Renaissance? • It had many thriving cities • It had a wealthy merchant class • It had the classical heritage of Greece and Rome • All of the above 35 • • • • • What was the Renaissance a rebirth of? Christian devotion chivalry and tournaments art and learning good health after the plague 36 • Which of the following best describes the characteristics of a “Renaissance Man”? • • • • A military leader An athlete Someone who concentrates on school work A man who excelled in many fields 37 • The intellectual and cultural movement known as humanism arose from the study of __________. • medieval scholarship • original Christian writings • classical Greek and Roman culture • the contributions of the Tang and Song dynasties 38 • What was the practice of selling indulgences? • Clergy members bought indulgences to reach higher offices. • The clergy sold pardons that released people from performing penalties for their sins. • Charles V told his people that buying indulgences as a way to become a noble. • Indulgences permitted priests to marry and have children. 39 • John Calvin’s teachings about predestination asserted which of the following: • nobody goes to heaven • only a select few are saved • everybody goes to heaven • everybody goes to purgatory 40 • . The Reformation got under way when Martin Luther's stapled this to the church door at Wittenberg? • The 95 theses • An essay entitled “Changing the Church” • A dissertation on salvation • “The Republic” 41 • • • • • Who invented the printing press? Jan van Eyck Johann Gutenberg Peter Bruegel the Elder Hans Holbein the Younger 42 • . What was the main reason for Henry VIII's split with the Roman Catholic Church? • his religious beliefs • his desire for a male heir • his treatment of Catherine of Aragon • his unwillingness to pay Church taxes 43 • • • • How did Islam spread through Africa? It spread by conquest and trade Muslim teachers traveled to teach the faith Ibn Battuta traveled through 27 countries to teach the Qur’an • Universities were established to teach the religion 44 • What language helped unite Southern Africa? • Arabic • Bantu • Chadic • Berber 45 • How did the empire of Ghana gain wealth and power? • Gold and salt trade • War and conquest • controlling Muslim armies • Camel trading 46 • What was a major negative effect of the Columbian Exchange? • many cultures lost their fittest members and families were torn apart • Europeans adopted pagan rituals of the Americas • Diseases spread to the Americas and killed many people • African civilizations became safer because they captured and traded their criminals. 47 • Which of the following BEST describes the Bantu Migrations? • The Bantu people fleeing Africa because of an earthquake. • The Bantu people slowly moving south while spreading their culture and language throughout Africa. • The Bantu people’s unwillingness to move from their homeland. • A large scale war between the Bantu people of Africa and Germanic invaders 48 • Christopher Columbus is credited with finding what? • Caribbean islands and the Americas • A safe route around the world • Portugal and the East Indies • None of the above 49 • What theories are there for the decline of the Mayan civilization? • overpopulation and overuse of the land • endemic warfare • extreme drought • all the above 50 • What did the Aztecs sacrifice to please their gods? • food offerings • human sacrifice • golden statues of sacred animals • self-inflicted pain 51 • The Incan system of government was similar to which modern day form of government/economy? • Democracy • Socialism • Republic • Oligarchy 52 • The global transfer of plants, animals, and diseases that occurred during the European colonization of the • Americas is known as _____________________________________. • the Atlantic Slave Trade • Mercantilism • Capitalism • the Columbian Exchange MATCHING EXPLORERS 53. AC 54. C 55. A 56. E 57. AD 58. B 59. D 60. AB