Download Matter Anything that has mass and takes up space (volume).

Matter
Anything that has mass
and takes up space
(volume).
Pure Substances
is a single kind of matter that
is pure. It always has a
specific composition and a
specific set of properties.
Physical Properties
Describe objects (matter) and are used to
identify and compare different types of
matter
Characteristic that can be observed without
changing the substance into another
substance
Examples of Physical
Properties
!   Color, odor, size, shape, state or phase,
texture, hardness, taste, density, boiling
point, melting point, freezing point,
magnetism, conductivity, mass, weight,
volume, solubility, malleability, ductility,
shininess
Chemical Properties
The properties that describe how a
substance changes into other new
substances.
The tendency of a substance to change
chemical identity (transforms into a
different substance)
Examples of Chemical
Properties
Color change, rust, bubbles, burning,
explosion (releases energy),
flammability (ability to burn),
reactivity, tendency to tarnish
Physical or Chemical
Properties
Physical or Chemical
Matter can change in two ways – physical
or chemical.
Physical Change
With a physical change no new
substance is created and the original
matter can be recovered. Physical
change does not change the
composition of the matter. The original
matter is still present. The substance
may seem different, but the way the
atoms are linked up are the same.
Physical Change
Physical changes include:
!   Changing the shape or size
!   Dissolving
!   Changing from one state of matter to
another
Matter
Matter can change from one state to
another by increasing or decreasing
temperature or pressure.
Five States of Matter
!   Bose-Einstein Condensates
!   Solids
!   Liquids
!   Gases
!   Plasmas
By adding energy the
state changes.
plasma
+ energy
gas
+energy
liquids
+ energy
solids
Examples of Physical
Change
!   water evaporating or water changing to
!
!
!
!
!
steam
  clothes drying in a dryer
  chopping wood - wood ground to
sawdust
  erosion
  rock breaking
  mixing Kool-Aid
Chemical Change
When a chemical change takes place,
a new substance is made. The old
matter is no longer present. The
matter can not be changed back into
its original state. The way the
molecules are linked up is different
when a chemical change takes place.
Signs of Chemical
Change
!   gas bubbles
!   color change - leaves turning colors in
the fall, rust appearing
!   disappearance of color – fading fabric
!   Burning
Examples of Chemical
Changes
!   fruit rotting, food spoiling
!   rust
!   decay of plants
!   burning wood
!   silver tarnishing
!   car burning gas
!   baking bread
Practice
Number your paper 1 – 10. Write
chemical or physical for each of the
following to describe the type of change
which is taking place.
1. Is this a physical or
chemical change?
dirt added to a puddle of water
2. Is this a physical or
chemical change?
Whipping cream
3. Is this a physical or
chemical change?
baking soda fizzes with vinegar
4. Is this a physical or
chemical change?
sharpening a pencil
5. Is this a physical or
chemical change?
a stick broken into two pieces
6. Is this a physical or
chemical change?
sugar turns brown, then black with heat
7. Is this a physical or
chemical change?
using hot water to expand a metal cup
8. Is this a physical or
chemical change?
freezing water
9. Is this a physical or
chemical change?
cornstarch turns black with iodine
10. Is this a physical or
chemical change?
toasting a marshmallow
The Answers
1. Physical Change
dirt added to a puddle of water
2. Physical Change
Whipping cream
3. Chemical Change
baking soda fizzes with vinegar
4. Physical Change
sharpening a pencil
5. Physical Change
a stick broken into two pieces
6. Chemical Change
sugar turns brown, then black with heat
7. Physical Change
using hot water to expand a metal cup
8. Physical Change
freezing water
9. Chemical Change
cornstarch turns black with iodine
10. Chemical Change
toasting a marshmallow