Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Organization of the Body and General Systems What are humans? • Organisms are classified as human because they are: • Animals • Vertebrates • Possess backbones • Mammals • Possess: • Mammary glands • Hair • Endothermy (i.e., we generate heat internally) • Heterodonty (i.e., we have teeth w/ different shapes and functions) • 3 middle ear bones. Vocab • Anatomy: study of the structure of the human body • Physiology: study of the functions/ activities of structures of the human body • Anatomical Position: Body upright, arms/legs straight, palms forward, feet flat and eyes open • Bilateral Symmetry: arrangement of body parts along a central axis, so that the body is divided into equal right and left halves • Body Plan Can Anatomy & Physiology Be Separated? • NO!!!!! Absolutely not! • Structure and function are undeniably connected. We cannot divorce them. • What do we mean by this? • Can you eat soup with a fork? • Find 2 everyday items and determine whether/how their structure (anatomy) relates to their function (physiology) • When you consider the structure of an organ, cell, or anything for that matter you must also consider its function! Hierarchy of Organization Atom Molecule Macromolecules Organelles Cells Tissues Organs Systems Organism • Axial = head, neck trunk • Appendicular = arms and legs • Viscera = internal organs • Cavity = empty space Directional Terms •Above •Below •To Midline •To Side •To Surface •To core •To front •To back •Extremity near trunk •Extremity away from trunk •Nose Sup. to chin •Stomach inf. to head •Sternum med. to shoulders •Ears lat. to nose •Skin sup. to heart •Lungs deep to ribs •Toes vent. to heel •Spine dors. to sternum •Elbow is prox. to wrist •Toes dist. to knee Directional Terms Body Planes and Directions • Sagittal- divides body in left and right • Coronal- divides body in anterior and post • Transverse- divides body into superior and inferior • Red =Vertical Plane • Blue=Horizontal Plane Stayin’ Alive -Your body has about 100 trillion cells in it. -For your life to NOT end abruptly, these cells need to have the correct amount of: -Oxygen -Nutrients -Waste removal -Heat -Ions (sodium, calcium, etc.) -Lots of other stuff Organ Systems • 1. Total of 11…“Run Mrs. Lidec” Gonads which make sex producing hormones/cells; development of the fetus 2. Kidney, bladder, urethrafilters blood/body fluid balance 3. Brain/Spinal cord/nerves, Multiple fxn’s 4. Ind. Muscles and groups, responsible for movement, etc. 5. Nose Alveoli, exchange of gases 6. Bones, support/protect/make blood 7. Node/spleen/tonsilsprotection,return of fluids 8. Skin/Hairmake Vit. D/prevent desiccation 9. MouthAnus, nutrients and water to the body 10. Hormone Makers! Hypothalamus, thyroid, adr. 11. Heart/Vessels, Transportation Can You Identify the Body System??