Download Chapter 6 Ancient Greece Study Guide

Chapter 6 Ancient Greece
Multiple Choice
Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
Key Concepts
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1. The geography of ancient Greece made it hard for communities
a. to unify.
b. to worship different gods.
c. to fight with each other.
d. to speak different languages.
2. Geographers study how people
a. and Earth affect each other.
b. learn.
c. interact with each other.
d. and animals communicate.
3. What do geographers learn by studying the theme of human-environment interaction?
a. how people move from one region to another
b. how people and the environment affect each other
c. how cultural features define a location
d. how regions differ from each other
4. How did the ancient Egyptians demonstrate their belief in life after death?
a. They did not think the bodies of the dead should be preserved.
b. They preserved the bodies of their dead.
c. They believed in only one god.
d. They became famous warriors.
5. The Egyptian pharaohs ruled with absolute power over
a. only priests.
b. only slaves.
c. all Egyptians.
d. all the people in Africa.
6. Distortion in a map may change the shape of
a. some landmasses.
b. a globe.
c. the Equator.
d. the Prime Meridian.
7. The collapse of the Greek civilization during the Dark Ages increased
a. farming.
b. foreign trading.
c. poverty.
d. income levels.
8. While the Acropolis was the center of Athens’ religious life, the Agora was the center of
a. military life.
b. public life.
c. private life.
d. government.
9. Geographers are able to pinpoint the location of a place from east to west by using
____ 10.
____ 11.
____ 12.
____ 13.
____ 14.
____ 15.
____ 16.
____ 17.
____ 18.
a. the Equator.
b. latitude lines.
c. parallel lines.
d. longitude lines.
Which pair of basic questions guides geographers in their work?
a. When did Earth form? What is it made of?
b. Who lived where? When did they move?
c. What is the climate? Why has it changed?
d. Where are things located? Why are they there?
To keep track of the kingdom’s growing wealth, ancient Egyptians began to
a. tax the farmers.
b. publish a list of the pharaohs possessions each year.
c. use cuneiform.
d. use hieroglyphs.
To learn more about Earth, geographers organize information according to what themes?
a. region, population, and place
b. location, regions, place, movement, and human-environment interaction
c. location, population, and longitude
d. latitude, longitude, and movement
Most Greeks believed their gods
a. were moral beings.
b. rule different areas of human life.
c. were kind and understanding.
d. were weak and ineffective
Under the leadership of Alexander the Great, Greece
a. formed three main kingdoms.
b. expanded its empire.
c. was conquered by Persia.
d. destroyed Alexandria.
Buddha taught that the cure for human suffering was to
a. give up selfish desires.
b. gain wealth through hard work.
c. exercise and eat healthy food.
d. worship many gods.
Ancient Egyptian astronomers studied the stars to
a. create new medicines from plants.
b. appoint the next pharaoh.
c. create a new writing system.
d. predict the flooding of the Nile River.
What are two important rivers that start in the Himalaya Mountains?
a. the Indus and the Ganges
b. the Indus and the Arabian
c. the Nile and the Tigris
d. the Tigris and the Euphrates
Unlike most early Greeks, philosophers believed that the gods were
a. the key to understanding natural events.
b. not the source of everything.
c. in control of natural events.
d. the source of everything.
____ 19. Some scholars believe that in ancient Athens, one third of all people were
a. slaves.
b. children.
c. teachers.
d. artists.
____ 20. Why do flat maps distort shapes of landmasses?
a. No one is sure where the Equator really is.
b. Earth is round, not flat.
c. Landmasses are always shifting.
d. The paper shrinks with time.
____ 21. Which of the following statements explains why there are always distortions in a map?
a. Maps are too small to hold enough information.
b. Maps are flat and Earth is round.
c. Mountains or plains don’t show up on a map.
d. Small towns are hard to represent on a map.
____ 22. Babylon became an important center of trade because it was
a. located between cities to the south and north.
b. the site of a great library.
c. ruled by a powerful queen.
d. surrounded by massive walls.
____ 23. Citizens of Athens during the Golden Age saw
a. many rebellions.
b. buildings destroyed.
c. democracy flourish.
d. the arts decline.
____ 24. In Greek mythology, there were
a. both human and animal gods.
b. many dragons.
c. 12 great gods, led by Zeus.
d. no goddesses.
____ 25. One important event that took place during the Dark Ages of Greece was
a. the disappearance of writing.
b. the destruction of all farmland.
c. an increase in foreign trade.
d. the disappearance of oral traditions.
____ 26. Because ancient Egyptian civilization was located on the banks of the Nile River, Egypt had
a. no farmland
b. hardly any farmland
c. poor farmland
d. rich farmland
____ 27. What themes do geographers use to organize information?
a. climate and occupation
b. location, regions, place, movement, and human-environment interaction
c. population and transportation
d. population and size of cities
____ 28. The most accurate way to show Earth’s continents and bodies of water is with a(n)
a. globe.
b. equal-area map.
c. Robinson projection.
____ 29.
____ 30.
____ 31.
____ 32.
____ 33.
____ 34.
____ 35.
____ 36.
____ 37.
____ 38.
d. Mercator projection.
During the Golden Age of Greece, Athenians made great achievements
a. in flood control.
b. in farming technology.
c. in tomb building.
d. in the arts.
Where would you look to find out how distances on a map compare to the actual distances on land?
a. the compass rose
b. the title
c. the key
d. the scale bar
After the end of the Peloponnesian War, Athens was
a. faced with a plague that killed many citizens.
b. never again a leader in the Greek world.
c. a place where the arts again flourished.
d. able to control Sparta’s harbor.
A globe is more accurate than a map because a globe can show
a. the true shapes of continents and oceans.
b. city streets.
c. a particular region in great detail.
d. a distorted view of Earth.
Unlike Athens, in ancient Sparta the government concentrated all its resources on creating
a. a pleasurable lifestyle.
b. brave and skillful warriors.
c. famous artisans.
d. successful merchants
The Phoenician alphabet made it easier for people in the ancient world to
a. learn to read and write.
b. teach cuneiform.
c. learn cuneiform.
d. hire scribes.
Through their study of Earth, geographers learn how Earth and its people affect
a. each other.
b. the solar system.
c. human health.
d. political systems.
Latitude and longitude lines help geographers identify
a. absolute location.
b. the heights of mountains.
c. Earth’s distance from the sun.
d. the depths of oceans.
Which of the following was the first written set of laws?
a. the Ziggurat of Ur
b. the Epic of Gilgamesh
c. the Ten Commandments
d. Hammurabi’s Code
Which of the following things would geographers be most likely to study?
a. the moon
b. the planets
____ 39.
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____ 41.
____ 42.
____ 43.
____ 44.
____ 45.
____ 46.
____ 47.
c. chemicals and chemical reactions
d. landforms and their locations
Because of the geography of ancient Greece, the Greek communities developed
a. new ways of hunting and gathering.
b. one central government.
c. close ties with each other.
d. separate customs and beliefs.
Flat maps were invented because it was impossible to make a globe that was
a. strong enough to last.
b. complete enough to use and convenient enough to carry.
c. pretty enough for people to want.
d. big enough to fit the oceans on.
What is the best way to find out the subject of a map?
a. Study the compass rose.
b. Find the map key.
c. Read the title.
d. Study the scale.
India’s mountains and surrounding water influenced its development
a. by providing contact with Asian lands.
b. by limiting contact between the subcontinent and the world.
c. by providing unlimited contact with countries to the east and west.
d. by encouraging invasions by other civilizations.
Some scholars believe that about one third of the Athenian population worked as
a. soldiers.
b. merchants.
c. philosophers.
d. slaves.
The laws introduced by the Athenian leader Solon helped the city become
a. a leading democracy.
b. a free city with no slaves.
c. an empire that extended to Egypt.
d. an empire that extended to China.
During the Hellenistic period, there were important achievements in
a. warfare and government.
b. writing and printing.
c. tragedy and comedy.
d. mathematics and science.
Geographers study regions so that they can
a. get people to move there.
b. understand folk music.
c. change the cultures.
d. make comparisons between areas.
The goal of Greek art was
a. to present fantastic images of people and events.
b. to destroy the art of other peoples.
c. to teach the principles of Greek philosophy.
d. to present images of human perfection.
True/False
Indicate whether the sentence or statement is true or false.
____ 48. Only men and women with Athenian mothers
and fathers could be citizens of Athens.
____ 49. Alexander the Great never lost a battle.
____ 50. In ancient Greece, private homes were
elaborate and ornate.
____ 51. During Greece’s Dark Ages, people were so
concerned with survival that they forgot the
practice of writing.
____ 52. Plains make up the major landforms of Greece.
____ 53. After Alexander died, his kingdom immediately
fell also.
____ 54. Buyers and vendors in the public markets of
Athens often haggled, or bargained, for the best
prices.
____ 55. Vendors lined the streets of Athens selling goods.
____ 56. Athens was an unimportant Greek city.
____ 57. Historians estimate that nearly one third of the
Athenian population were slaves.
____ 58. Athens had a mild climate.
____ 59. The Iliad and the Odyssey are two epics about
the Trojan War and subsequent events.
____ 60. When Alexander took control of lands, he
destroyed their culture.
____ 61. Athenian men were responsible for keeping
track of family finances.
____ 62. About 100,000 people in Greece, lived in slavery.
____ 63. Women in Athens could not vote or take part in
politics.
____ 64. Alexandria became the capital of Egypt and
grew famous as a center for business and
trade.
____ 65. Most ancient Athenians ate very little meat.
____ 66. No part of Greece is very far from the sea.
____ 67. In Hellenistic times, many scholars believed
Earth was round.
____ 68. The agora was the center of religious life in Athens.
____ 69. Alexander’s tutor was the philosopher Aristotle.
____ 70. Each Greek community developed its own
customs and beliefs.
Matching
KEY TERMS
Match each item with the correct statement below.
a. peninsula
f.
b. agora
g.
c. barbarian
h.
d. city-state
i.
e. democracy
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____
71.
72.
73.
74.
75.
assassinate
acropolis
Hellenistic
plague
an area of land nearly surrounded by water and connected to the mainland by a narrow strip of land.
a widespread disease
a form of government in which citizens govern themselves
a fortified hill of an ancient Greek City
a public market and meeting place in ancient Greece
Key Terms
Fill in the blank by writing the letter of the correct term below.
a. artisan
f. papyrus
b. astronomer
g. pharaoh
c. cataract
h. pyramid
d. dynasty
i. regent
e. hieroglyph
j. silt
____
____
____
____
____
76.
77.
78.
79.
80.
Egyptians used reeds to make an early form of paper called ____.
A series of rulers from the same family is called a(n) ____.
A strong flood or a rush of water is called a(n) ____.
A powerful Egyptian ruler was called a(n) ____.
An Egyptian ruler was often buried in a triangular shaped building called a(n) ____.
Key Terms
Match each item with the correct statement below.
a. ahimsa
f.
b. caste
g.
c. citadel
h.
d. dharma
i.
e. meditate
j.
____
____
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____
81.
82.
83.
84.
missionary
monsoon
nirvana
reincarnation
subcontinent
a person who spreads his or her religious beliefs to others
a large landmass that juts out from a continent
to focus the mind inward
a lasting peace that Buddhists seek
____ 85. a strong wind that blows across East Asia at certain times of year
KEY TERMS
Fill in the blank by writing the letter of the correct term below.
a. acropolis
f. peninsula
b. city-state
g. blockade
c. philosopher
h. aristocrat
d. tribute
i. democracy
e. Hellenistic
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____
86.
87.
88.
89.
90.
In part, Athens became rich because of the ____ paid by other cities.
Ships may surround and close, or ____, a harbor in order to defeat an enemy.
In ancient Greece, a(n) ____ was a person who used reason to understand natural events.
A member of a rich and powerful ruling family is called a(n) ____.
After Alexander’s death, his empire broke up into three ____ kingdoms.
Key Terms
Fill in the blank by writing the letter of the correct term below.
a. cardinal direction
e. latitude
b. degree
f. meridian
c. geography
g. projection
d. globe
____
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____
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____
91.
92.
93.
94.
95.
The study of Earth is called ____.
A representation of Earth’s rounded surface on a flat surface is called a ____.
Geographers use east-west circles, or lines of ____ to describe location.
A ____ is a line of longitude.
North, south, east, and west are each a ____.
Key Terms
Match each item with the correct statement below.
a. compass rose
e.
b. distortion
f.
c. Equator
g.
d. geography
h.
____
____
____
____
____
96.
97.
98.
99.
100.
key
longitude
parallel
projection
a type of imaginary line that circles the globe from north to south
a change in the accuracy of shapes and distances
a map feature that shows the four cardinal directions
the section of a map that explains symbols for the map features
the study of Earth