Download Introduction to Energy! - Epiphany Catholic School

Introduction to Energy!
6th Grade Module H: Matter and Energy
Unit 2: Energy
Lesson 1
Energy is…
There are two main types of energy
• Kinetic energy - energy of an object that is due to
motion. All moving objects have kinetic energy.
• depends on its mass and speed.
• increases as mass increases and as speed increases
• Which has more kinetic energy? Why?
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
• Potential energy - energy that an object has due to its
position, condition, or chemical composition.
• Gravitational potential energy –result of an object’s
position
• Increases as the object’s height or mass increases.
• Which has greater GPE?
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
• Condition of an object affects its potential energy.
• Ex: Stretching a rubber band increases its potential energy.
• Chemical potential energy - depends on chemical
composition.
• As bonds break and new bonds form between atoms during a
chemical change, energy can be released.
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
Where is potential energy the greatest, when the archer has
pulled back the bow or when it is in resting position?
• An object can have both potential and
kinetic energy at the same time.
Read
and do
p. 102103
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
Forms of kinetic and potential energy
• Energy is expressed in joules (J).
1. Mechanical energy is the sum of an object’s kinetic
energy and potential energy. It is the energy of position and
motion.
"mechanical energy = kinetic energy + potential energy".
2. Sound energy is kinetic energy caused by the vibration
of something.
-vibrations in the air get transferred to the eardrum
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
3. Electromagnetic energy - transmitted
through space in the form of electromagnetic
waves.
• caused by the vibration of electrically charged
particles.
• include visible light, X-rays, and microwaves
• Kinetic or potential? What do you think?
4. Electrical energy is the
energy that results from the
flow (movement) of charged
particles. (K or P?)
5. Chemical energy - form of potential energy that
depends on the kinds of atoms and their arrangement.
-examples: food, batteries, matches
6. Thermal energy - kinetic
energy of an object’s particles.
• faster the molecules move = more
thermal energy
• Heat: energy transferred from
an object at a higher
temperature to an object at a
lower temperature
7. Nuclear energy - found in nucleus of an atom
• When an atom’s nucleus breaks apart, or when the nuclei
of two small atoms join together, energy is released.
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
Unit 2 Lesson 1 Introduction to Energy
What forms can energy take?
• What forms of energy can you identify in this
pinball game?
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
Unit 2 Lesson 1 Introduction to Energy
Transformers
What is an energy transformation?
• An energy transformation takes place when
energy changes from one form into another form.
• Any form of energy can change into any other
form of energy.
• Often, one form of energy changes into more than
one form.
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
Unit 2 Lesson 1 Introduction to Energy
What is an energy transformation?
• In a flashlight, chemical energy is transformed
into electrical energy.
• The electrical energy is then transformed into light
and thermal energy.
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
Unit 2 Lesson 1 Introduction to Energy
Is energy conserved?
• A closed system is a group of objects that transfer
energy only to one another. Energy is conserved
in all closed systems.
• The law of conservation of energy states that
energy cannot be created or destroyed. It can
only change forms.
• All of the different forms of energy in a closed
system always add up to the same total amount
of energy.
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
Energy Posters
• Forms of Energy
• Energy Transformation
• State the form
• Define
• Kinetic or potential (or
both)?
• Examples with
pictures
• Use pages 104-106
• Check with Ms. R to make
sure yours is not taken
• State the type of energy it is
transforming FROM and TO
• Examples with pictures
• Where is energy “lost” to
the environment?
• Use pages 108-109 &
computer