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Causes of the Civil War Chapter 14 Section 1 Quiz – 10/29/12 • 1) Define tariff. • 2) What was the main goal of the Republican Party? • 3) In the Presidential election of 1860 how did Lincoln “do”? Explain the results. • 4) Why did Texans change the Constitution of 1845 in 1861? How did they change it? • 5) How did Governor Houston’s response at the Secession convention reflect his beliefs? Causes of the Civil War • The United States became increasingly divided between Northern and Southern states in the 1850s and 1860s. • Slavery – the Southern economy was based on agriculture and plantations, which required slave labor to sustain; the North relied on manufactured products and industry. • Tariffs – the North wanted tariffs to protect its industries while the South opposed them because they would increase the cost of imports • States’ rights – the South argued that states had the authority to ignore federal laws such as tariffs, meaning state power was greater than federal power Quiz over the causes of the Civil War. 1) Why did Texas join the side of the Confederacy? • 2) Which of the following is NOT a reason for Texas’ involvement in the Civil War? a) They wanted to protect manufacturing and industry in its major cities. b) They wanted the federal government to assert its authority. c) Battles were going to happen on their land anyway, so Texans wanted to defend their property. d) Texas’ agricultural economy relied on slave labor, which the South was fighting to maintain. • 3) In what ways can you infer that the Industrial Revolution had an impact on the Civil War? • 4) Of the causes of the civil war that were given in class, which one encompasses the other issues? Slavery in the South• Abraham Lincoln is elected in 1860 and as a result South Carolina secedes from the Union. • This best illustrates the issue of State’s rights. • In other words states believed that they had a right secede. Texas decides to secede from the Union • Texans gathered to meet after South Carolina and overwhelmingly supported secession from the Union. • Sam Houston was called to make the decision official and did not answer the call. • He was replaced and Texas joined the confederacy. Brutality of the Civil War • The Civil War was the first photographed war. • The brutality of the major battles entered American homes because of the increased circulation of newspapers. • These scenes affected people’s perception of the war. Southern leadership • The South’s military leadership proved to be a significant advantage over their union counterparts. • Robert E. Lee –general of the Confederate army. • Graduate of West Point. • Able to be successful in battle despite having fewer troops and less supplies than their northern counterparts. Industrial Might of the North • The industrial might (factories and railroads) was strategically utilized by Abraham Lincoln. • Having more manufacturing than the south the north was able to supply their troops more efficiently. • Lincoln focused on the creation of railroads which powered the emerging economy of the North. The telegraph • The telegraph was used to send messages with signals through lines. • Samuel Morse increased its usefulness with the creation of Morse Code. • Abraham Lincoln used it to communicate with his generals on the front line. Abraham Lincoln • Leadership can e reflected in the words a person uses: • 1) Emancipation Proclamation of 1863 freed the slaves in the confederate states. • 2) The Gettysburg address symbolizes Lincoln’s understanding of the significance of this developing conflict. Guided Practice: Open- ended analysis questions • 1) In what ways did the American Civil War influence our society? • 2) What do you believe were the outcomes of the Civil War? • 3) Why does the Gettysburg address have such an impact on people? Independent Practice and Exit Ticket • Independent practice: Scholars are to complete Cornell notes on Chapter 14 sec.2 • Exit ticket: • 1) Which of the following is NOT a reason for Texas’ involvement in the Civil War? a) They wanted to protect manufacturing and industry in its major cities. b) They wanted the federal government to assert its authority. c) Battles were going to happen on their land anyway, so Texans wanted to defend their property. D) Texas’ agricultural economy relied on slave labor, which the South was fighting to maintain. 2) What was the Industrial Revolution? 3) How did the Industrial Revolution impact the Migration of people? 4) How did the Industrial Revolution impact the price of goods? Chapter 14 Sec. 2 1. Who was the confederate president? 2. What evidence can you provide that could justify the following statement: Texans were very willing to fight on the side of the Confederacy? 3. What did the confederacy do to enlist more troops in their army? 4. What is the purpose of a blockade? 5. Why did Lincoln plan to create a blockade at Galveston Bay? 6. Where did the last battle take place? (Be Specific) And why did this battle take place in Texas? Naval Battles of the Civil War • Confederate naval forces defended and recaptured the port of Galveston from Union ships, which prevented the Union army from using it to enter Texas. • Naval battles were typically about the ability to control trade, territory, and supply chains. The war in Texas • The Battle of Sabine Pass along the Gulf of Mexico was won by Confederates and renewed southern confidence in the Confederate army. • The Union army targeted Brownsville in order to stop trading between Texas and Mexico, but the Confederate army turned back once they were held off for a bit. • The Confederate Congress passed a draft in 1862 because they didn’t have enough volunteer soldiers; loopholes in the system led to opposition. Battles in Texas • Step#1- Draw or Trace a large map of Texas. • Step#2- Place the battles on this map. • Step#3- In your key explain why each battle was significant. • Questions: 1) What do the battles have in common with each other? *Answer this question underneath your map. Quiz over the battles of the Civil War • 1) Explain why the following battles were significant to the war effort: - Sabine Pass -Galveston Bay - Palmito Ranch 2) What was the primary purpose of naval battles? 3) What is a draft and what purpose does it serve? 4) What kind of socio/political issues can by the institution of a draft? Chap. 14 Sec. 3 quiz • Why didn’t Texas suffer the destruction of war as severely as other states? • Explain why life became difficult in Texas as soldiers left for war? • Describe why being a member of the Peace Party was difficult in Texas? • How did the Civil war end? A closer look at the Civil War • Total War- wining the conflict by any means necessary. • Examples: - Burning down houses - Destroying railroads that support the economy. Questions from the Video • Who is William T. Sherman? • What was the purpose of his march to the sea? • What does the word phrase Total War mean? • Why do you believe it took a long time for the south to recover from the destruction caused by Sherman’s March to the sea? • In the case of the Civil War does the end justify the means? Why or why not? The effects of the War on Texas • Texas suffered less than other states during wartime because fewer battles were fought on its land. • Goods became expensive and hard to secure; newspapers often stopped operating, and everyday things like coffee and medicine were scarce because they were sent to the soldiers. • Farmers began growing more wheat and corn and less cotton to feed soldiers. Exit Ticket 10/31/12 • Based on the negative effects of the civil war on the Economy of the United States what strategies can be incorporated to prevent war from having such a dramatic effect? • * answer will be graded on introductory paragraph writing rubric (both of these should be in a paragraph). • Knowing the destruction of the civil war do you feel that in the end it was necessary for the preservation of the country? Justify the answer with specific pieces of evidence. Review Quiz for semester exam • 1. Name two types of governments that native Americans have. • 2. Define conquistador • 3. Describe in a paragraph, Spanish motivation for colonization. • 4. Who is Lasalle and what did he do. • 5. What are the four types of Spanish frontier settlements and describe each one. • 6. What is manifest destiny. • 7. What were the reasons for westward expansion. • 8. What was the largest land purchase in the United States history.