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CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
Blood composition and Plasma
What is blood?
White
blood
cells and platelets
are part of the
body's
immune
system.
The plasma and red blood cells
play an important role in
the
transportation
of
substances, around the body.
Blood cells
Blood
Red blood cells
Platelets
Functions of blood cells
•Red blood cells transport oxygen.
•White blood cells protect against disease.
•Blood platelets help the blood to clot.
White blood cells
How does blood clot
BLOOD VESSELS AND A PUMP
HEART
VEIN
CAPILLARY
ARTERY
BLOOD VESSELS
Arteries
They carry blood
from the heart to
other organs.
Veins
They carry blood
from the organs to
the heart
Arteriole
Thin arteries
valve
They stop blood from
going backwards.
Capillaries
Blood vessels located in all
the tissues.
THE HEART
Aorta
Superior
Vena cava
Pulmonary
artery
Pulmonary
Right
atrium
Tricuspic
valve
Right
ventricle
Inferior
vena cava
veins
Left
atrium
Mitral
valve
Left
ventricle
CARDIAC CYCLE
Blood enters the heart through
a vein and collects in an atrium. The
atrium contracts and the blood is
pushed into a ventricle. The ventricle
then contracts, and the blood is
forced out through an artery towards
the lungs or towards the rest of the
body. Valves prevent the blood
flowing back into the atrium or
ventricle.
CARDIAC CYCLE
Systole and diastole
contraction
expansion
The systolic pressure is the pressure in the arteries when the heart is
contracting, and the diastolic pressure is when the heart’s chambers
are refilling with blood.
THE DOUBLE CIRCULATION
Pulmonary
circulation
High
pressure
Lowest
pressure
Low
pressure
Highest
pressure
Systemic
circulation
test
Circulation is:
Double:
blood travels twice
through the heart in
order to complete the
whole circuit
Complete: oxygenated
blood never mixes with
deoxygenated blood
Closed: blood never
leaves the blood
vessels
LYMPHATIC SYSTEM
This
system
functions parallel to
the
circulatory
system.
It consists of
lymph vessels
lymph nodes
lymphoid tissues:
spleen,
tonsils,
thymus
LYMPHATIC SYSTEM
It has 3 main roles:
 Fluid balance: return tissue fluid to the blood
Protection from infection: produce white blood cells lymphocytes,
in lymph glands such as the tonsils, adenoids and spleen
Absorption of fats: transport digested fats from villi to blood
stream
LYMPHATIC SYSTEM
fluid surrounding the cells of a tissue
Tissue fluid supplies cells with O2 and nutrients and takes away waste products
including CO2.
At the end of the capillary bed, the tissue fluid leaks back into the blood, and becomes
plasma again, but not all of it. A little of it is absorbed by the lymphatic vessel and
becomes lymph.
The lymphatic vessel takes the lymph to the blood stream by secreting them in a vein
near the heart, called subclavian vein.
The lymph in the lymphatic vessels are moved along by the squeeze of muscles
against the vessel, just like some veins.
The return of tissue fluid to the blood in the form of lymph fluid prevents fluid built up in
the tissue.
Unidirectional movement: tissues-lymphatic vessels-blood
LYMPHATIC ORGANS:
PROTECTION FROM INFECTIONS
ABSORPTION OF FATS