Download Enzymes in Digestion (Quick Questions) 1. Why are enzymes

Enzymes in Digestion (Quick Questions)
1.
Why are enzymes important in the breakdown of food?
2.
How do your digestive enzymes differ from most of your other enzymes?
3.
What are enzymes that break down carbohydrates called?
4.
How and where is starch broken down by enzymes?
5.
Where is amylase made?
6.
Describe how proteins are digested.
7.
Describe how fats are digested.
8. Where do the small soluble molecules produced by digestive enzymes go
after the small intestine?
9. What conditions do protease enzymes work best in?
10. How does your stomach avoid digesting itself?
11. The acidic liquid coming from your stomach needs to become an alkaline
mix in your small intestine. How does this happen?
12. Why is it difficult for lipase enzymes to breakdown fats?
13. How does bile help digest fats?
Enzymes in Digestion (Quick Answers)
1.
2.
Food is made up of large insoluble molecules that your body cannot absorb.
They need to be broken down into smaller, soluble molecules that your
body can absorb and the cells use. This chemical breakdown is controlled
by digestive enzymes.
They work outside the cells.
3.
Carbohydrases.
4.
In our mouth and small intestines by an enzyme called amylase.
5.
In your salivary glands, pancreas and small intestine.
6. The breakdown of proteins into amino acids is catalysed by protease
enzymes in your stomach and small intestine. Proteases are produced in your
stomach, pancreas and small intestine.
7. Fats (lipids) are broken down into fatty acids and glycerol in your small
intestine. This reaction is catalysed by lipase enzymes which are produced in
your pancreas and small intestine.
8. The blood stream where they are carried around the body to the cells
that need them.
9. Acidic conditions, therefore the stomach contains acid as this is where
proteins are first broken down.
10. Your stomach produces a thick layer of mucus that coats your stomach
wall and protects it from being digested by the acid and the enzymes.
11. Your liver makes a greenish-yellow alkaline liquid called bile (this is not an
enzyme). Bile is stored in your gall bladder until it is needed. As food comes
into the small intestine form the stomach, bile is squirted onto it. The bile
neutralises the acid from the stomach and then makes the semi-digested
food alkaline. This provides the ideal conditions needed for the enzymes in
the small intestine.
12. Fats do not mix with watery liquids in your gut and therefore they stay as
large globules (with a low surface area).
13. Bile emulsifies (break down into tiny droplets) the fats in your food. Bile
physically breaks up large drops of fat into smaller droplets. This
provides a bigger surface area for the lipase enzymes to work on and
hence break down the fats.