Download The Basic In Grammar

The Basic In Grammar
Created By
Astriana NH.
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Subject
Sentence
Verbal &Nominal Sentence
Verb
Finite Verb
Infinitive Verb
Conjunction
Preposition
No and Not
Auxiliary Verb
Sentence
• Sentence is an arrangement of words which has
enough
or perfect meaning at least consist of
subject
and predicate.
 Kinds of Sentence
 According to predicate
a. Verbal Sentence
b. Nominal Sentence
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Verbal &Nominal Sentence
• Verbal sentence => Kalimat yang menunjukan
dimana
terdapat kata kerja/yang
dilakukan.
Example :
- He studies in school
She
- I write a letter
He
V+s/es
- I walk in the street
It
• Nominal Sentence =>Dalam kalimat ini tidak ada
sesuatu yang dilakukan.
Example :
- She is beautiful
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- He is hand some
Verb
• Verb => is a word that explains something about subject
in the sentence.
 The function of verb
1. Finite verb
2. Infinitive verb
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Finite Verb
• Finite verb => is limited verb for subject in the sentence.
Or the first verb of the sentence without “to”.
 Example :
- She eats a banana today (simple present s+V1+O)
fV1
- She ate a banana yesterday today
(simple past s+V2+O)
fV2
- She has eaten a banana since morning today
aux
fV3
(Present perfect s+have/has+V3+O)
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Infinitive Verb
• Infinitive verb => is unlimited verb for subject in the
sentence. Use “TO” and it can be used
as subject, object, adjective, adverb.
N1
N1
I
I
 Example :
- She wants to study to read to write English
fv
infv
infv
infv
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Conjunction
• Conjunction => is a word to connect between word and word. Word an sentence.
Sentence and word, sentence and sentence which to be
one
sentence has the same part of speech.
• The words : are, but, if, before, after, and, than, or, because.
 Example :
- That is table and chair
n conj n
• Sentence and Sentence
 Example :
- I can buy a book if there a many
s
p
n conj
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Preposition
• Preposition => is a word to be put before or in front noun and
pronoun.
• The words are :
- Before - For
- By
- On
- While
- After
- Because of - Without
- In
Etc.
• Preposition : noun or pronoun become adverb
 Example :
- Before I go to school I pray
Prep n
- I come here after sleeping
prep n
Back
- A make a cake for you
Adv
- I kill the dog by the knife
prep n
Adv
Tina cries because of Amir
Adv
Adv
No and Not
• No (Adjective) => is a word that qualifies or adds meaning to
noun of pronoun.
 Example :
- I have no house
Not
- She has no money
noun
- I like no you
Not
- She invites no me at her birthday Pronoun
• Not (Adverb) => is a word that declares or adds meaning to out
of noun or pronoun. (Adj, V, Adv)
 Example :
- He is not lazy  Not + Adj
- I don’t know about him  Not + V
- They aren’t here  Not + Adv
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Auxiliary Verb
• Kinds of auxiliary verb
1. Auxiliary Verb “to be” : am, is, are, was, were, been.
Predicate is out verb (noun, pronoun, adjective, adverb)/p≠v I->am,you,we,
They ->are, He, she, it -> is
Example :
- He is a teacher -> Noun - She is beautiful -> Adjective
- This bag is his -> Pronoun - I am here -> Adverb
2. Auxiliary Verb “to do” : do, does, did.
Predicate is verb/ p≠v in negative and interrogative sentence. I, you, we, they
-> do, He, she, it -> does
Example :
(+) She writes a letter , (-) She doesn’t write a letter , (?) Does she write
a letter.
3. Auxiliary Verb “to have” : have, has, had.
4. Auxiliary Verb “modals” : can, may, must, shall, will.
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