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Review Questions--Greece thru
Rome
Describe Greece’s Geography:
Peninsula with limited fertile
land making trade necessary that
controlled the Aegean Sea. Mild
climate promoted life outdoors.
Need to colonize abroad for land
and because of overpopulation.
King of Greek Olympic gods?
Zeus
Queen/mother of Greek gods?
Hera
Greek goddess of love?
Aphrodite
Type of government Athens had
during its golden age?
Direct democracy
Tyrant reformer of Athens whose
laws were too harsh?
Draco
Tyrant reformer who made
Athens more democratic?
Solon
Who could not participate in
Athen’s democracy?
Women, slaves, foreigners.
Militaristic city-state with an
oligarchy; rivaled Athens?
Sparta
Wars between Greece and
Persia?
Persian Wars
Two victories for Greece over
Persia in the Persian Wars?
Marathon and Salamis
Why was the Persian Wars
important to the development of
Greek culture?
Led to the creation of the Delian
League; temporary unification of
Greek city-states; led to Athenian
Golden Age
Leader of the Athenian Golden
Age?
Pericles
Wars between Athens/ Delian
League and Sparta/Peloponnesian
League?
Peloponnesian War
Results of the Peloponnesian
War?
Ended Athenian Golden Age;
decline of Greece - ripe for
attack by Philip II
Greek marketplace and meeting
place?
Agora
Great temple built during the
reign of Pericles with oversight
by Phidias (temple to Athena)?
Parthenon
Greek fortified hill?
Acropolis
One of two tragedy playwrights?
Aeschylus or Sophocles
Writer of the Iliad and Odyssey?
Homer
Great Greek sculptor of Athena
and Zeus?
Phidias
Father of History; wrote about
Persian Wars?
Herodotus
Developed density, water screw,
pi, and improved use of the
lever?
Archimedes
Father of scientific medicine?
Hippocrates
Father of geometry?
Euclid
Great Greek Philosophers?
SPA: Socrates, Plato, and
Aristotle
Great philosopher who was
sentenced to death; taught
knowledge is the greatest virtue?
Socrates
Wrote The Republic; student of
Socrates?
Plato
Teacher of Alexander the Great?
Aristotle
Greek-like culture that blended
with Oriental cultures?
Hellenistic
Person Responsible for spreading
Hellenistic culture?
Alexander the Great
Describe Rome’s geography:
Centrally located in
Mediterranean Basin, Alps
provided some protection, fertile
soil.
Modern day France used to be
called?
Gaul
Our planets are named after?
Roman gods and goddesses
King of Roman gods?
Jupiter
Roman goddess of love?
Venus
Powerful nobility of Rome/Upper
class?
Patricians
Majority of Romans;
commoners/lower class?
Plebeians
Laws of Rome?
12 Tables
Rome’s laws guaranteed (what
principle do we still use)?
Innocent until proven guilty
Wars between Rome and
Carthage?
Punic Wars
Carthaginian general who
invaded Rome during the Second
Punic War?
Hannibal
How did Rome gain control of
the western Mediterranean Sea
and trade through the region?
Victory against Carthage in Punic
Wars.
Causes for the decline of the
Roman Republic?
Spread of slavery, migration of
small farmers to the cities
(homeless, jobless), civil war and
inflation
Why was Julius Caesar
assassinated?
Some Senators felt he was
becoming too powerful and
popular
Who defeated Marc Antony to
become Rome’s first emperor?
Octavian/Augustus
200 year period of peace and
prosperity for the Roman
Empire?
Pax Romana
Who was the emperor who began
the Pax Romana?
Augustus
As Rome’s empire grew, what
happened to the power of the
Senate?
Went down
What was the impact of the Pax
Romana?
Uniform system of currency, safe
travel and trade, expansion of the
Roman Empire, social stability
Who was the apostle who spread
Christianity to the people of the
Roman Empire?
Paul
Which Roman emperor legalized
and adopted Christianity?
Constantine
Book that tells of the life and
teachings of Jesus?
New Testament
Monotheistic?
Belief in one god
3 monotheistic religions?
Judaism, Christianity, and
Zoroastrianism
As Rome’s Empire fell, what
happened to the power of the
Catholic Church?
It increased
Roman architectural
contributions?
Dome, road, Pantheon,
Colosseum, aqueduct, Roman
arch
Language of Rome?
Latin
The Romance languages
(Spanish, Portuguese, Italian,
French, etc.) are based on?
Latin
Writer of the Aeneid?
Virgil
Belief in many gods?
polytheistic
Why did the Western Roman
Empire decline?
Cost of defense, inflation, moral
decay, political problems, civil
wars, unclear line of succession,
and invasions by barbarians.