* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download Intro to Mendelian Genetics
Survey
Document related concepts
Epigenetics of human development wikipedia , lookup
Behavioural genetics wikipedia , lookup
Biology and consumer behaviour wikipedia , lookup
Transgenerational epigenetic inheritance wikipedia , lookup
Medical genetics wikipedia , lookup
Hybrid (biology) wikipedia , lookup
Genetically modified crops wikipedia , lookup
Population genetics wikipedia , lookup
Genomic imprinting wikipedia , lookup
Hardy–Weinberg principle wikipedia , lookup
Genetically modified organism containment and escape wikipedia , lookup
Genetic drift wikipedia , lookup
Designer baby wikipedia , lookup
History of genetic engineering wikipedia , lookup
Quantitative trait locus wikipedia , lookup
Transcript
https://conradchrabol.wordpress.com/mendels-early-works/ Intro to Mendelian Genetics Honors Biology What is Genetics? The science that studies Heredity ___________. Heredity is passing of characteristics from parent to offspring. https://www.the-joke-box.com/picture/192/genetics.html The Father of Genetics: Gregor Mendel was an ____________ Austrian monk that was born in 1822. In the monastery, he studied traits genetic ______ and gave us a genes basic understanding of _______ and how they work. https://www.lexile.com/book/details/9780810954755/ Mendel’s experiments were designed by using pea plants ____________ in the monastery garden Pea plants have both male ___________ and female __________ parts pollen Pea plant transfer _______ (sperm) to the egg located in same the _______ plant, resulting in one ________ parent. This is called ______________ Self-Pollination Fertilization ____________ is the uniting process of _________ the pollen (sperm) and egg. Mendel’s Pea Experiments: Mendel started his experiments with peas that were true-breeding _________________ = if allowed to self pollinate _________________ they would produce offspring identical ____________________ to themselves. Mendel’s Pea Experiment removed pollen Mendel ____________________ making parts and added pollen ____________ another plant. from _______ This allowed him to cross-breed _____________ plants different with ______________ characteristics and study ________ the results http://hus.yksd.com/distanceedcourses/YKSDbiology/lessons/FourthQuarter/Ch apter11/11-1/images/MendelExperiment.gif specific characteristic A _____________________ is trait called a ____________ Mendel tested 7 different traits _________________ in peas. Pearson Education Inc,; Publishing as Pearson Prentice Hall When Mendel crossed truePURE breeding (________) PLANTS Contrasting with 2 ______________ traits: (EX: Tall crossed with short) Mendel’s Pea Experiment P1 generation ____ Parental (_________) F1 ____ generation Filial (______= offspring) F2 generation ___ He always found the same pattern: showed one 1. ONLY ______ trait ____________ F1 generation in the ____ BUT . . . Both 2. ___________ traits F2 were found in ____ missing generation. The ________ returned trait __________ in a 3:1 _________ ratio. It’s all about the patterns! Image modified from: http://www.laskerfoundation.org/rprimers/gnn/timeline/1866.html http://www.biology.lifeeasy.org/2502/explain-the-law-ofdominance-using-a-monohybrid-cross http://www.tubechop.com/watch/7029990 Mendel decided that there must factors be a pair of ___________ that control ________each trait and that one factor __________ must be able to hide _______ the other. The factors Mendel referred to are now known as genes _______ that are carried on homologous the _____________ chromosome _____________. http://www.biologyjunction.com/karyotype_lab.htm A gene is a stretch of DNA or RNA that determines a certain trait. Genes can have two or more allele different CHOICES. An _______ is one of the choices for the gene. Example: Eye color Dominant __________________ = An allele hides that ________ the presence of another allele Recessive __________________ = An allele is hidden by that __________________ the presence of another allele http://io9.com/yet-another-lesson-that-shouldbe-banished-from-biology-1204061434 Dominant is represented by a CAPITAL LETTER ____________. Recessive is represented by lowercase letter a ____________. How does the recessive trait skip a generation? P1 F1 F2 Chromosomes The movement of ____________ in _________. Meiosis Remember Meiosis? homologous _____________ chromosomes separate _________ during ANAPHASE I SEGREGATION = _________________ Image modified from: http://www.emc.maricopa.edu/faculty/farabee/BIOBK/Crossover.gif received F1 offspring __________ ____ an allele for tallness from their tall _______ parent and an allele for short shortness from their ________ parent. http://gladewaterbiology.blogspot.com/2009/11/law-of-dominance.html The F1 plants ALL LOOK TALL ___________ but are carrying ___________ an allele for short _____________ What’s happening in F1 CROSS? SEGREGATION LAW OF ___________________ alleles are separated when the F1 plants made gametes ______________ When these gametes recombined to make the F2 generation, the short _____________ trait reappears _______________ in ¼ of the offspring http://biology-forums.com/index.php?action=gallery;sa=view;id=514