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© Ron Dahlquist/Aurora Photos Kilauea, on the island of Hawaii, may be the world’s most active volcano. As long as the history of this eruptive peak has been documented, it’s been sending rivers of molten rock cascading across the landscape, and spraying volcanic gas into the air. The most recent eruption was a months-long, but not severe, flow of lava tubes this past spring and summer. SUGGESTIONS Why do volcanoes erupt? Web Search What is the full definition of a volcano? Web Search Name three volcanoes, each from different continents. Web Search What is lava? Web Search Why do volcanoes erupt? Image Search Find a visual representation of the process by which a volcano erupts. Bing for Schools Lesson Plan: 5-8 Web Search What is the full definition of a volcano? From a Bing Search: Volcano: opening in Earth's crust: a naturally occurring opening in the surface of the Earth through which molten, gaseous, and solid material is ejected. (Possible queries: “what is a volcano”) Web Search Name three volcanoes, each from different continents. A list of countries with volcanoes is here, where choosing a country provides a list of the volcanoes, both active and inactive, that are located in that country. Three volcanoes on different continents are: 1. Mt. Cameroon (in Cameroon, on the continent of Africa) 2. Isla El Tigre (in Honduras, on the continent of North America) 3. Chimborazo (in Ecuador, on the continent of South America) (Possible queries: “volcanoes of the world”) ANSWERS & STRATEGIES Web Search What is lava? From a Bing Search: Lava: molten rock flowing from volcano: molten rock that originates in the Earth's mantle and flows from a volcano or a fissure on land or the ocean floor Depending on its composition, lava can be categorized as basaltic, andesitic, or rhyolitic. The different types of lava move in different ways including pahoehoe, A'a, sheet, and block flows. Lava cools and becomes igneous rocks. (Possible queries: “what is lava”) Web Search Why do volcanoes erupt? From Discovery Kids: In a volcanic eruption, hot lava spews out from beneath the Earth's crust up to the Earth's surface. This lava is actually hot melted rock called magma. Just underneath the Earth's crust is a layer called the mantle, which is made of up plates that are always moving and shifting. Sometimes the plates separate. That creates heat and causes the mantle to melt into magma. The magma comes up through the crack between the plates. It spreads out, cools down, and becomes rock again. The solid magma stays beneath the Earth's surface. Sometimes the plates collide. When that happens, one plate can slide under the other. This also causes the mantle underneath to melt. The magma pushes upward, melting more rock. The hot magma collects under the surface of the Earth. If the pressure is high enough or a crack opens in the crust, the magma spews out. Now it is called lava. (Possible queries: “why do volcanoes erupt”) Bing for Schools Lesson Plan: 5-8 Image Search Find a visual representation of the process by which a volcano erupts. STANDARDS Using the previous search terms, select the “images” link on the Bing Search Page in order to find a representation of the process of volcanic eruption. One such image is here. Science and Technical Subjects Reading Informational Text Bing for Schools Lesson Plan: 5-8 CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RST.6-8.2 Determine the central ideas or conclusions of a text; provide an accurate summary of the text distinct from prior knowledge or opinions. CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RST.6-8.4 Determine the meaning of symbols, key terms, and other domainspecific words and phrases as they are used in a specific scientific or technical context relevant to grades 6–8 texts and topics. CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RST.6-8.7 Integrate quantitative or technical information expressed in words in a text with a version of that information expressed visually (e.g., in a flowchart, diagram, model, graph, or table). CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RI.7.4 Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in a text, including figurative, connotative, and technical meanings; analyze the impact of a specific word choice on meaning and tone.