Download Judaism and Islam Lecture

Do Now – On the note card given
answer the following questions.
 What is at the center of the Christian belief
system?
 What is the Christian holy book?
 Who are their prophets of the Christian faith?
 Where do Christians worship?
 What are some Christian customs and
traditions?
JUDAISM
Brief History
 Abraham creates the “Covenant” with God
 Hebrews are enslaved in Egypt
 Moses frees them from Egypt and they
flee to the promised land (Exodus)
 Jews are persecuted in the Holocaust
 Israel is given back to the Jews after WWII
Judaism
 Founded by Abraham
 2,000 B.C.E.
 Made a Covenant with God
Torah
 Written in Hebrew
 First five books of the bible (Old
testament)
 Genesis, Deuteronomy, Numbers, Leviticus,
Exodus
 Contains laws that guide the life of a Jew
 Must use a “yad” to follow along
Torah
 What are some of the laws found in
the old Testament?
Synagogue
 The front faces
Jerusalem.
 There is an “ark”
where the Torah is
kept.
 A “bema” is a
podium used
during services.
 Women sit in a
separate section.
Jewish Milestones
(Like Catholic Sacraments)
 Bris – ritual circumcision
 Bar/Bat Mitzvah – full adult status and
responsibility within the religion
 Boys at 13
 Girls at 12
 Marriage - "Be fruitful and multiply"
Huppah
Break a glass to remind them that
sadness is around the corner
Jewish Customs
 Yarmulke – A.K.A. Yamaka.
 Reminds them that God is above.
 Easy to recognize other Jewish males.
 Tallit – A.K.A. prayer shawl.
Kosher Foods
 Jews obey the Kashrut (dietary laws)
 Cannot eat pig, camel, rabbits, badgers or bugs.
 Animals must be prepared a certain way.
 Cannot eat meat with dairy or fish with meat.
 Pots and pans used to prepare food cannot be
used on foods of other “statuses”.
 Cannot consume grape products produced by a
“non Jew”.
Jewish Holidays
 Passover – reminds them of their
freedom from slavery in Egypt
 Rosh Hashanah - Jewish New Year
 Yom Kippur – holiest day of the year
 Sukkot, the “Festival of Booths”
Hanukkah, the “Festival of Lights”
How is Judaism related to
Christianity?
 Judaism is the foundation of
Christianity
 Torah is the Old Testament (more or less)
 Jesus was Jewish
 Jews are not concerned with the
afterlife
 They do believe in the “world to come”
Judaism Today
• 13 – 14 Million worldwide
 5 – 6 Million in Israel
 5 – 6 Million in U.S
Islam
Islam
• Founder: Muhammad
• Born: 571 AD in Mecca
• Descendant of Abraham
History of Muhammad
• 571 - Muhammad born in Mecca.
• 610 - First revelation (Hira cave)
• 622 - “Hijira”or Escape.
• Muhammad flees to Medina
• 629 - Muhammad conquers Mecca
• 632 - Muhammad dies
The Quran or Koran
• Only in Arabic
• translated copies are not true Quran’s
• 114 Chapters (chapter = Surah)
• Confirms most stories of the old testament
• Special place for Virgin Mary
God = Allah (in Arabic language)
5 Pillars of Islam
The 'Five Pillars' of Islam
(Their Commandments)
The framework for Muslim life.
1.The declaration of faith:
• "There is no deity but God, and Muhammad is
the messenger of God“
2.Prayer:
• Five obligatory prayers each day.
• Must pray towards the Kabah in Mecca
Prayer is very ritualistic and must be done on a clean
surface. Rugs are not necessary but are often used.
The 'Five Pillars' of Islam
3.Charity:
• Obligatory charitable giving.
4.Fasting:
• From sunrise to sunset during the holy month of
Ramadan
5.Pilgrimage:
• A pilgrimage (Hajj) to Mecca, Saudi Arabia.
Mosque
Minaret
Video of an Adhan
Mosques
 All remove their shoes before entering.
 Before prayer they do the wudu (cleaning of
hands, feet and face) in a fountain outside of
the payer area.
 The “imam” leads prayer from the “minbar”.
 Women sit in a separate chamber.
Islamic Custom and Traditions
The hijab
Women are required to
cover their bodies so that
their figure is not
revealed.
• They are not required to
cover their faces.
Relation with Christianity
• Uses biblical stories
• A special place for Jesus and Mary
• The right of all faiths to worship was
respected
• Sites of worship, holy places and shrines of
all faiths were protected
Islam Today
• 1.3 Billion worldwide
• About 7m Muslims in the USA