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Download Chapter 7 Lesson 4 Glory, War, and Decline The Rule of Pericles
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Transcript
Chapter 7 Lesson 4 Glory, War, and Decline The Rule of Pericles -‐Athenians new leader, Pericles, enjoyed a golden age of prosperity and achievement -‐practiced democratic government Democracy in Athens -‐government practiced by Athenians is called direct democracy in which all citizens meet to debate and vote on government matters. -‐direct democracy worked because of its small number of citizens -‐ten top officials, elected each year, were known as generals -‐representative democracy, like our government, citizens elect a smaller group of people to represent them. Pericles in Charge -‐after Persian Wars important general in Athens was Pericles -‐Athens became a center of learning and the arts -‐Athens was rebuilt -‐philosophers are thinkers who reflect on the meaning of life Athenian Life 400 B.C. Athens was largest Greek city-‐state Athenian Men and Women -‐men worked in morning, exercised in afternoon, and went to all male gatherings in the evening -‐women took care of homes and families -‐could not attend school, but some learned to read and play music -‐Aspasia encouraged women to get involved in government What Was the Role of Slavery in Athens? -‐most household had at least one slave The Athenian Economy -‐farming and trade supported economy War Between Athens and Sparta -‐478 B.C. Athens joined other city-‐states to form defensive league -‐known as Delian League -‐first headquarters was on the island of Delos The Athenian Empire -‐Delian League failed -‐became a group of city-‐states controlled by Athens War Breaks Out -‐power of Athens grew, Spartans became alarmed -‐431 B.C. city-‐states joined Sparta to fight Athenians in the Peloponnesian War Pericles’s Funeral Oration -‐Pericles emphasized that the democratic way of life is worth protecting Why Did Athens Lose the War? -‐deadly disease broke out killing 1/3 of people, including Pericles -‐Sparta built its own navy and cut off their food supply -‐Athenian empire collapsed The Effects of the War -‐governments divided and weak -‐Macedonia, to the north, wanted more land and Greek city-‐states lost their independence
