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Specialized cells and tissues • Single-celled organisms have only one cell • Multicellular organisms are made up of many kinds of cells that have different functions. • Tissues are specialized cells with similar structures and functions – There are four tissue types in the human body • Epithelial tissue • Connective tissue • Muscle tissue • Nerve tissue Epithelial tissue • Epithelial tissue contains cells that are packed tightly together. – Examples: outer layer of skin, lining of air passages, lining of internal organs Connective tissue • Connective tissue adds support and structure to the body, fills spaces, and stores fat. – Examples: blood, bone, cartilage, and fat cells Muscle tissue • Muscle tissue is like elastic. Its job is to contract and relax. There are three types of muscle tissue: – Skeletal muscle- moves the bones of the skeleton when directed by the brain – Smooth muscle does involuntary movements- like breathing – Cardiac muscle contracts to move blood around the body Here are a few organs… – The brain is often compared to a computer – The heart works like a pump to send blood through your body – Blood vessels are like pipelines that transport blood – Lungs enable you to breathe to take oxygen your cells need. They supply oxygen and remove carbon dioxide from the blood – Sense organs help you react to your surroundings: ears, eyes, nose, tongue, and skin • The liver produces chemicals that flow into the small intestine to help in digestion. It also helps remove toxins from the blood • The pancreas contains tissues that produce enzymes that aid digestion • The stomach has smooth muscle tissue that contracts, squeezing the food to break it into smaller pieces. Organ Systems • A system is a group of organs that work together to perform a specific function. • Many of these systems are easily recognized by their names…can you guess what they do? Plants organ systems *Images provided by Google and AltaVista