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PENNSYLVANIA Date: March 21, 2014 ET Susquenita Curriculum Course: Science Grade 7 Curriculum: Topic: Ecology Days: 35 Subject(s): Know: S8.A.1.3.2 -- Essential Use evidence, observations, or explanations to make inferences about change in systems over time (e.g., carrying capacity, succession, population dynamics, loss of mass in chemical reactions, indicator fossils in geologic time scale) and the variables affecting these changes. S8.A.1.3.3 -- Essential Examine systems changing over time, identifying the possible variables causing this change, and drawing inferences about how these variables affect this change. S8.A.1.3.4 -- Essential Given a scenario, explain how a dynamically changing environment provides for the sustainability of living systems. Grade(s): Understand: Many components living and nonliving interact to maintain balance in an ecosystem. Do: 3.1.7.A1. -- Essential COMMON CHARACTERISTICS OF LIFE Describe the similarities and differences of physical characteristics in diverse organisms. 3.1.7.A2. -- Essential ENERGY FLOW - Describes how organisms obtain and use energy throughout their lives. 3.1.7.A8. -- Essential UNIFYING THEMES - MODELS Apply the appropriate models to show interactions among organisms in an environment. 4.1.7.C.a -- Essential Explain the flow of energy within an ecosystem. 4.1.7.C.b -- Important Compare and contrast the flow of energy between organisms in different habitats. 4.5.7.B.b -- Important Identify introduced species that are classified as pests in their new environments. 4.1.7.A.b -- Essential Compare and contrast different biomes and their characteristics. S8.A.3.1.1 -- Essential Describe a system (e.g., watershed, circulatory system, heating system, agricultural system) as a group of related parts with specific roles that works together to achieve an observed result. Page 1 of 12 PENNSYLVANIA Date: March 21, 2014 ET Susquenita Curriculum Course: Science Grade 7 Curriculum: Topic: Ecology Days: 35 Subject(s): Know: Grade(s): Understand: Do: S8.A.3.1.2 -- Essential Explain the concept of order in a system (e.g., first to lastmanufacturing steps; trophic levels; simple to complex-cell, tissue, organ, organ system). S8.B.3.1.1 -- Essential Explain the flow of energy through an ecosystem (e.g., food chains, food webs). S8.B.3.1.3 -- Essential Explain relationships among organisms (e.g., producers/consumers, predator/prey, in an ecosystem). S8.B.3.2.1 -- Essential Use evidence to explain factors that affect changes in populations (e.g., deforestation, disease, land use, natural disaster, invasive species). S8.B.3.2.2 -- Essential Use evidence to explain how diversity affects the ecological integrity of natural systems. S8.B.3.2.3 -- Essential Describe the response of organisms to environmental changes (e.g., changes in climate, hibernation, migration, coloration) and how those changes affect survival. Page 2 of 12 PENNSYLVANIA Date: March 21, 2014 ET Susquenita Curriculum Course: Science Grade 7 Curriculum: Topic: Ecology Days: 35 Subject(s): Know: Grade(s): Understand: Do: S8.B.3.3.1 -- Essential Explain how human activities may affect local, regional, and global environments. S8.B.3.3.2 -- Essential Explain how renewable and nonrenewable resources provide for human needs (i.e., energy, food, water, clothing, and shelter). S8.B.3.3.3 -- Essential Describe how waste management affects the environment (e.g., recycling, composting, landfills, incineration, sewage treatment). S8.B.3.3.4 -- Essential Explain the long-term effects of using integrated pest management (e.g., herbicides, natural predators, biogenetics) on the environment. 3.1.7.A3. -- Important LIFE CYCLES Explain why the life cycles of different organisms have varied lengths. 4.1.7.A.a -- Essential Describe the relationships between biotic and abiotic components of an ecosystem. 4.1.7.A.c -- Essential Describe symbiotic and predator/ prey relationships. Page 3 of 12 PENNSYLVANIA Date: March 21, 2014 ET Susquenita Curriculum Course: Science Grade 7 Curriculum: Topic: Ecology Days: 35 Subject(s): Know: Grade(s): Understand: Do: 4.1.7.C.a -- Essential Explain the flow of energy within an ecosystem. 4.1.7.C.c -- Essential Explain the concept of trophic levels. 4.5.7.D.a -- Important Explain how biological diversity relates to the viability of ecosystems. 3.1.7.A5. -- Important FORM AND FUNCTION - Explain how the cell is the basic structural and functional unit of living things. 3.1.7.A6. -- Essential ORGANIZATION Identify the levels of organization from cell to organism. 3.1.8.C1. -- Compact NATURAL SELECTION - Explain how reproductive success coupled with advantageous traits over many generations contributes to natural selection. 3.1.7.C2.a -- Compact ADAPTATION Explain why the extinction of a species may occur when the environment changes. Page 4 of 12 PENNSYLVANIA Date: March 21, 2014 ET Susquenita Curriculum Course: Science Grade 7 Curriculum: Topic: Ecology Days: 35 Subject(s): Know: Grade(s): Understand: Do: 3.3.7.A2. -- Compact EARTH'S RESOURCES/ MATERIALS - Explain land use in relation to soil type and topography. 3.3.7.A5.b -- Compact WEATHER AND CLIMATE - Explain the relationship between the energy provided by the sun and the temperature differences among water, land and atmosphere. 4.5.8.D. -- Compact Use the theory of natural selection to examine the causes and consequences of extinction. S8.A.1.2.2 -- Compact Identify environmental issues and explain their potential long-term health effects (e.g., pollution, pest controls, vaccinations). S8.A.3.1.5 -- Compact Explain how components of a natural and human-made system play different roles in a working system. S8.A.3.2.3 -- Essential Given a model showing simple cause and effect relationships in a natural system, predict results that can be used to test the assumptions in the model. (e.g., photosynthesis, water cycle, diffusion, infiltration) Page 5 of 12 PENNSYLVANIA Date: March 21, 2014 ET Susquenita Curriculum Course: Science Grade 7 Curriculum: Topic: Ecology Days: 35 Subject(s): Know: Grade(s): Understand: Do: S8.C.2.2.1 -- Compact Describe the sun as a major source of energy that impacts on the environment. 3.1.7.C1. -- Compact NATURAL SELECTION - Describe how natural selection is an underlying factor in a population’s ability to adapt to changes. 4.1.7.B. -- Compact Explain biogeochemical cycles within an ecosystem. (See Science and Technology: 3.3.7.A1.) 4.1.7.E.a -- Important Identify factors that contribute to change in natural and human-made systems. 4.1.7.E.b -- Essential Explain the processes of primary and secondary succession in a given ecosystem. 4.5.7.D.b -- Compact Compare and contrast monoculture with diverse ecosystems. Page 6 of 12 PENNSYLVANIA Date: March 21, 2014 ET Susquenita Curriculum Course: Science Grade 7 Curriculum: Topic: Ecology Days: 35 Subject(s): Know: Grade(s): Understand: Do: S8.D.1.1.3 -- Compact Identify soil types. (i.e., humus, topsoil, subsoil, loam, loess, and parent material) and their characteristics (i.e., particle size, porosity, and permeability) found in different biomes and in Pennsylvania, and explain how they formed. Page 7 of 12 Susquenita Curriculum Course: Science Grade 7 Curriculum: Topic: PENNSYLVANIA Date: March 21, 2014 ET Ecology Subject(s): Days: 35 Grade(s): Which standards are students learning in this unit? S8.A.1.2.4 -- Important Explain society's standard of living in terms of technological advancements and their impact on agriculture. (e.g., transportation, processing, production, storage) S8.A.1.3.2 -- Essential Use evidence, observations, or explanations to make inferences about change in systems over time (e.g., carrying capacity, succession, population dynamics, loss of mass in chemical reactions, indicator fossils in geologic time scale) and the variables affecting these changes. S8.A.1.3.3 -- Essential Examine systems changing over time, identifying the possible variables causing this change, and drawing inferences about how these variables affect this change. S8.A.1.3.4 -- Essential Given a scenario, explain how a dynamically changing environment provides for the sustainability of living systems. S8.A.3.1.1 -- Essential Describe a system (e.g., watershed, circulatory system, heating system, agricultural system) as a group of related parts with specific roles that works together to achieve an observed result. S8.A.3.1.2 -- Essential Explain the concept of order in a system (e.g., first to last-manufacturing steps; trophic levels; simple to complex-cell, tissue, organ, organ system). S8.A.3.1.3 -- Unranked Distinguish between system inputs, system processes, system outputs, and feedback (e.g., physical, ecological, biological, informational). S8.A.3.1.4 -- Essential Distinguish between open loop (e.g., energy flow, food web, open-switch) and closed loop (e.g., materials in the nitrogen and carbon cycles, closed-switch) systems. S8.A.3.2.1 -- Essential Describe how scientists use models to explore relationships in natural systems (e.g., an ecosystem, river system, or the solar system). S8.A.3.2.3 -- Essential Given a model showing simple cause and effect relationships in a natural system, predict results that can be used to test the assumptions in the model. (e.g., photosynthesis, water cycle, diffusion, infiltration) S8.A.3.3.2 -- Essential Describe repeating structure patterns in nature(e.g., veins in a leaf, tree rings, , crystals, water waves) or periodic patterns (e.g., daily, monthly, annually). Page 8 of 12 Susquenita Curriculum Course: Science Grade 7 Curriculum: Topic: PENNSYLVANIA Date: March 21, 2014 ET Ecology Subject(s): Days: 35 Grade(s): S8.B.3.1.1 -- Essential Explain the flow of energy through an ecosystem (e.g., food chains, food webs). S8.B.3.1.3 -- Essential Explain relationships among organisms (e.g., producers/consumers, predator/prey, in an ecosystem). S8.B.3.2.1 -- Essential Use evidence to explain factors that affect changes in populations (e.g., deforestation, disease, land use, natural disaster, invasive species). S8.B.3.2.2 -- Essential Use evidence to explain how diversity affects the ecological integrity of natural systems. S8.B.3.2.3 -- Essential Describe the response of organisms to environmental changes (e.g., changes in climate, hibernation, migration, coloration) and how those changes affect survival. S8.B.3.3.1 -- Essential Explain how human activities may affect local, regional, and global environments. S8.B.3.3.2 -- Essential Explain how renewable and nonrenewable resources provide for human needs (i.e., energy, food, water, clothing, and shelter). S8.B.3.3.3 -- Essential Describe how waste management affects the environment (e.g., recycling, composting, landfills, incineration, sewage treatment). S8.B.3.3.4 -- Essential Explain the long-term effects of using integrated pest management (e.g., herbicides, natural predators, biogenetics) on the environment. S8.D.1.2.1 -- Compact Describe a product's transformation process from production to consumption (e.g., prospecting, propagating, growing, maintaining, adapting, treating, converting, distributing, disposing) and explain the process's potential impacts on Earth's resources. S8.D.1.2.2 -- Compact Describe potential impacts of human-made processes (e.g., manufacturing, agriculture, transportation, mining on Earth's resources, both nonliving (i.e., air, water, or earth materials) and living (i.e., plants and animals). 3.1.7.A1. -- Essential COMMON CHARACTERISTICS OF LIFE - Describe the similarities and differences of physical characteristics in diverse organisms. Page 9 of 12 Susquenita Curriculum Course: Science Grade 7 Curriculum: Topic: PENNSYLVANIA Date: March 21, 2014 ET Ecology Subject(s): Days: 35 Grade(s): 3.1.7.A2. -- Essential ENERGY FLOW - Describes how organisms obtain and use energy throughout their lives. 3.1.7.A3. -- Important LIFE CYCLES - Explain why the life cycles of different organisms have varied lengths. 3.1.7.A8. -- Essential UNIFYING THEMES - MODELS Apply the appropriate models to show interactions among organisms in an environment. 4.1.7.A.a -- Essential Describe the relationships between biotic and abiotic components of an ecosystem. 4.1.7.A.c -- Essential Describe symbiotic and predator/ prey relationships. 4.1.7.C.a -- Essential Explain the flow of energy within an ecosystem. 4.1.7.C.b -- Important Compare and contrast the flow of energy between organisms in different habitats. 4.1.7.C.c -- Essential Explain the concept of trophic levels. 4.5.7.D.a -- Important Explain how biological diversity relates to the viability of ecosystems. 4.5.7.D.c -- Important Explain how biological diversity relates to the ability of an ecosystem to adapt to change. 3.1.7.A5. -- Important FORM AND FUNCTION - Explain how the cell is the basic structural and functional unit of living things. 3.1.7.A6. -- Essential ORGANIZATION - Identify the levels of organization from cell to organism. 3.1.8.C1. -- Compact NATURAL SELECTION - Explain how reproductive success coupled with advantageous traits over many generations contributes to natural selection. 3.1.7.C2.a -- Compact ADAPTATION - Explain why the extinction of a species may occur when the environment changes. Page 10 of 12 Susquenita Curriculum Course: Science Grade 7 Curriculum: Topic: PENNSYLVANIA Date: March 21, 2014 ET Ecology Subject(s): Days: 35 Grade(s): 3.3.7.A2. -- Compact EARTH'S RESOURCES/MATERIALS - Explain land use in relation to soil type and topography. 3.3.7.A5.b -- Compact WEATHER AND CLIMATE - Explain the relationship between the energy provided by the sun and the temperature differences among water, land and atmosphere. 4.5.7.B.b -- Important Identify introduced species that are classified as pests in their new environments. 4.5.8.D. -- Compact Use the theory of natural selection to examine the causes and consequences of extinction. S8.A.1.2.2 -- Compact Identify environmental issues and explain their potential long-term health effects (e.g., pollution, pest controls, vaccinations). S8.A.3.1.5 -- Compact Explain how components of a natural and human-made system play different roles in a working system. S8.A.3.2.3 -- Essential Given a model showing simple cause and effect relationships in a natural system, predict results that can be used to test the assumptions in the model. (e.g., photosynthesis, water cycle, diffusion, infiltration) S8.C.2.2.1 -- Compact Describe the sun as a major source of energy that impacts on the environment. 3.1.7.C1. -- Compact NATURAL SELECTION - Describe how natural selection is an underlying factor in a population’s ability to adapt to changes. 4.1.7.A.b -- Essential Compare and contrast different biomes and their characteristics. 4.1.7.B. -- Compact Explain biogeochemical cycles within an ecosystem. (See Science and Technology: 3.3.7.A1.) 4.1.7.E.a -- Important Identify factors that contribute to change in natural and human-made systems. 4.1.7.E.b -- Essential Explain the processes of primary and secondary succession in a given ecosystem. 4.5.7.D.b -- Compact Compare and contrast monoculture with diverse ecosystems. Page 11 of 12 Susquenita Curriculum Course: Science Grade 7 Curriculum: Topic: PENNSYLVANIA Date: March 21, 2014 ET Ecology Subject(s): Days: 35 Grade(s): S8.D.1.1.3 -- Compact Identify soil types. (i.e., humus, topsoil, subsoil, loam, loess, and parent material) and their characteristics (i.e., particle size, porosity, and permeability) found in different biomes and in Pennsylvania, and explain how they formed. Page 12 of 12 PENNSYLVANIA Date: March 21, 2014 ET Susquenita Curriculum Course: Science Grade 7 Curriculum: Topic: Ecology Days: 35 Subject(s): Grade(s): Key Learning: Many components living and nonliving interact to maintain balance in an ecosystem. Unit Essential Question(s): How do nonliving and living components of environment interact to keep an ecosystem balanced? Concept: Animals and Their Environment S8.A.3.1.2, S8.B.3.1.1, S8.B.3.3.2, S8.B.3.3.1, 4.1.7.A.a Concept: Concept: Levels of Organization Populations S8.A.3.1.1, S8.B.3.1.3, 4.5.7.D.a S8.A.1.3.2, S8.A.1.3.3, S8.B.3.2.1, S8.B.3.2.2, S8.B.3.2.3, 4.5.8.D. Lesson Essential Question(s): What needs are met by an organism's environment? (A) Lesson Essential Question(s): What are the levels of organization within an ecosystem? (A) What are the tow parts of an orgnaism's habitat with which it interacts? (A) Lesson Essential Question(s): How do ecologists determine that size of a population? (A) What causes populations to change in size? (A) What factors limit population growth? (A) Vocabulary: organism, habitat, biotic factor, abiotic factor Vocabulary: ecosystem, popluation, species, community Vocabulary: estimate, birth rate, death rate, immigration, emigration, population density, limiting factor, carrying capactiy Page 1 of 2 PENNSYLVANIA Date: March 21, 2014 ET Susquenita Curriculum Course: Science Grade 7 Curriculum: Topic: Ecology Days: 35 Subject(s): Grade(s): Concept: Concept: Concept: Interactions Among Living Things Changes in Communities Energy Flow in an Ecosystem 4.5.7.B.b, 3.1.7.A8. , 3.1.7.A1., 4.5.7.D.b, 3.1.8.C1., 4.5.7.D.a, 4.5.7.D.c, S8.D.1.2.2, S8.D.1.2.1, S8.A.3.3.2, 4.1.7.E.b, S8.A.3.2.3, S8.A.3.2.1, S8.A.3.1.4, S8.A.3.1.3, 4.1.7.C.b, 4.1.7.A.c, 3.1.7.A3., S8.B.3.3.1 4.1.7.E.a, 3.1.7.C2.a, S8.B.3.3.4, S8.B.3.3.3 4.1.7.C.a, 3.1.7.A2., 4.1.7.B., 4.1.7.C.c Lesson Essential Question(s): How do animals adapt to help survive? (A) Lesson Essential Question(s): How do primary and secondary successions differ? (A) Lesson Essential Question(s): What energy roles do organism play in an ecosystem? (A) What are the major ways in which organism's in an ecosytem interact? (A) What effect do invasive species have on an environment? (A) What are the three types of symbiotic relationships? (A) What effect does the reintroduction of a species have an a community? (A) How does energy move through an ecosystem? (A) How much energy is available at each energy level? (A) Vocabulary: natural selection, adaptation, niche, predator, prey, predation, symbiosis, mutalism, commensalism, parasitism, parasite, host Vocabulary: sucession, primary succession, pioneer species, secondary succession, invasive species, reintroduction Vocabulary: producer, consumer, herbivore, carnivore, ominivore, scavenger, decomposer, food chain, food web, energy pyramid Concept: Concept: Concept: Lesson Essential Question(s): Lesson Essential Question(s): Biomes/ Aquatic Ecosystems 4.1.7.A.b Lesson Essential Question(s): What are the six major biomes found on Earth? (A) What are the factors which determine the type of biome found in an area? (A) What do freshwater and marine ecosystems include? (A) Vocabulary: Vocabulary: biome, canopy, understory, desert, grassland, savanna, deciduous tree, coniferous tree, tundra, permafrost, estuary, intertidal zone, neritic zone Vocabulary: Additional Information: Attached Document(s): Page 2 of 2 Susquenita Curriculum Course: Science Grade 7 Curriculum: Vocab Report for Topic: Ecology Subject(s): PENNSYLVANIA Date: March 21, 2014 ET Days: 35 Grade(s): Concept: Animals and Their Environment organism habitat biotic factor abiotic factor - Concept: Levels of Organization ecosystem popluation species community - Concept: Populations estimate birth rate death rate immigration emigration population density limiting factor carrying capactiy - Concept: Interactions Among Living Things natural selection adaptation niche predator prey predation symbiosis mutalism commensalism parasitism parasite host - Concept: Changes in Communities sucession primary succession pioneer species secondary succession - Page 1 of 2 Susquenita Curriculum Course: Science Grade 7 Curriculum: Vocab Report for Topic: Ecology Subject(s): PENNSYLVANIA Date: March 21, 2014 ET Days: 35 Grade(s): invasive species reintroduction - Concept: Energy Flow in an Ecosystem producer consumer herbivore carnivore ominivore scavenger decomposer food chain food web energy pyramid - Concept: Biomes/ Aquatic Ecosystems biome canopy understory desert grassland savanna deciduous tree coniferous tree tundra permafrost estuary intertidal zone neritic zone - Page 2 of 2