Download 5.3 Explaining How Fungi Grow: Digestion and Biosynthesis

Carbon: Transformations in Matter and Energy
Environmental Literacy Project
Michigan State University
Decomposers Unit
Activity 5.3: Explaining How
Fungi Grow: Digestion and
Biosynthesis
1
Unit Map
You
are
here
2
Revisit your arguments
Think about
what you
know now that
you didn’t
know before.
What have you
learned?
3
How do fungi use food as materials for
growth?
4
Step 1: Digestion
Materials
for growth:
Biosynthesis
Food
Digestion
Energy:
Cellular
respiration
5
Constructing explanations
Consider the
following as you
construct your
explanation:
• Evidence from
the investigation
• What you
learned from the
molecular
modeling or
tracing activity
• Three Questions
Handout
6
Comparing Ideas with a Partner
• Compare your explanations for each of the
Three Questions.
– How are they alike?
– How are they different?
• Check your explanation with the middle- and
right-hand columns of the Three Questions
handout.
• Consider making revisions to your explanation
based on your conversation with your partner.
7
Digestion:
The Matter Movement Question
How do molecules move to
the location of the chemical
change?
How do molecules move away
from the location of the
chemical change?
Which atoms and molecules move during
fungal digestion?
Small organic molecules
(monomers: amino acids,
glucose, fatty acids, glycerol)
Large organic molecules
(polymers: proteins, carbs, fats)
How do small and large organic molecules move
during fungal digestion?
Small organic molecules
(monomers: amino acids,
glucose, fatty acids, glycerol)
Large organic molecules
(polymers: proteins, carbs, fats)
Matter Movement
Do you have:
Large Organic
Molecules
• a label showing
large organic
molecules or
polymers
(carbohydrates,
proteins, fat/lipids)
in the detritus?
11
Matter Movement
Do you have:
Large Organic
Molecules
• a label showing
small organic
molecules in the
detritus and an
arrow showing
them entering the
hyphal cell?
Small Organic
Molecules
12
Matter Movement
Do you have:
Large Organic
Molecules
• an arrow showing
small organic
molecules moving
through the hyphal
cells?
Small Organic
Molecules
13
Matter Movement
Do you have:
Large Organic
Molecules
• an arrow showing
small organic
molecules moving
through the
fungus?
Small Organic
Molecules
14
Digestion:
The Matter Change Question
What molecules are carbon
atoms in before and after the
chemical change?
What other molecules are
involved?
Note: fungi produce and release molecules (enzymes) that can break large
organic molecules up into small organic molecules.
Matter Change
Name the chemical change that a fungus uses to
break down food:
Digestion
16
Matter Change
What molecules are carbon
atoms in before the
chemical change?
Large organic molecules (or
polymers: carbohydrates,
fats/lipids, and proteins)
What molecules are carbon
atoms in after the chemical
change?
Small organic molecules (or
monomers: amino acids,
sugars, and fatty acids)
Chemical
Change
What other molecules
are needed?
(Water)
What other molecules are
produced?
None
17
Digestion:
The Energy Change Question
What forms of energy are
involved?
What energy transformations
take place during the chemical
change?
Energy Change
What forms of energy go
into this chemical
change?
Chemical Energy
What forms of energy
come out of this chemical
change?
Chemical Energy
19
Telling the Whole Story
Question: How does a fungus get small organic
molecules to its cells?
• Does your story include these parts?
Matter movement: Large organic molecules make up the detritus outside of the
fungus.
Matter change: The large organic molecules of the detritus are broken into small
organic molecules by enzymes released by the fungus.
Energy change: The chemical energy of the C-C and C-H bonds in the large
organic molecules remains in the C-C and C-H bonds of small organic molecules.
Matter movement: The small organic molecules move into the fungus’ hyphal
cells. These molecules go to all parts of the fungus to be used for cellular
respiration and biosynthesis.
20
Step 2: Biosynthesis
Materials
for growth:
Biosynthesis
Food
Digestion
Energy:
Cellular
respiration
21
Constructing explanations
Consider the
following as you
construct your
explanation:
• Evidence from
the investigation
• What you
learned from the
molecular
modeling or
tracing activity
• Three Questions
Handout
22
Comparing Ideas with a Partner
• Compare your explanations for each of the
Three Questions.
– How are they alike?
– How are they different?
• Check your explanation with the middle- and
right-hand columns of the Three Questions
handout.
• Consider making revisions to your explanation
based on your conversation with your partner.
23
The Matter Movement Question
Small organic molecules
(monomers: amino acids,
glucose, fatty acids, glycerol)
How do fungal cells use small
organic molecules to grow and
divide?
Large organic molecules
(polymers: proteins, carbs, fats)
Matter Movement
Small Organic
Molecules
Do you have:
• an arrow
showing small
organic
molecules or
monomers going
into the fungal
cell?
25
Matter Movement
Small Organic
Molecules
Large organic
molecules
Do you have:
• large organic
molecules (or
polymers)
staying in the
fungal cell?
26
The
Carbon
and
Energy
Questions:
The Matter Change Question
What happens to small organic molecules during
biosynthesis?
Chemical
change
Small organic molecules
(monomers) go into cells, but
don’t come out. What happens
inside the cells?
Matter Change
Name the chemical change that fungal cells use
to build large organic molecules:
Biosynthesis
28
Matter Change
What molecules are carbon
atoms in before the
chemical change?
Small organic molecules (or
monomers such as amino
acids, sugars, and fatty
acids)
What molecules are carbon
atoms in after the chemical
change?
Large organic molecules
(or fats/lipids, and proteins)
Chemical
Change
What other molecules
are needed?
None
What other molecules are
produced?
Water
29
Energy Change
What forms of energy go
into this chemical
change?
Chemical Energy
What forms of energy
come out of this chemical
change?
Chemical Energy
30
Telling the Whole Story
Question: How does a cell in the stem of a
fungus use food to grow and divide?
• Does your story include these parts?
Matter movement: Small organic molecules (or monomers, such as amino acids,
sugars, fatty acids, and glycerol) enter the fungal cell.
Matter change: The small organic molecules are combined to make large organic
molecules (or polymers, such as carbohydrates, fats/lipids, and proteins).
Energy change: The chemical energy stored in the C-C and C-H bonds in the small
organic molecules (monomers) stays in these bonds when they are combined
into large organic molecules (polymers).
Matter movement: The cell grows bigger and may eventually divide as more
large organic molecules (polymers) are made.
31
Discuss with a partner
32