Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Carbon: Transformations in Matter and Energy Environmental Literacy Project Michigan State University Decomposers Unit Activity 5.3: Explaining How Fungi Grow: Digestion and Biosynthesis 1 Unit Map You are here 2 Revisit your arguments Think about what you know now that you didn’t know before. What have you learned? 3 How do fungi use food as materials for growth? 4 Step 1: Digestion Materials for growth: Biosynthesis Food Digestion Energy: Cellular respiration 5 Constructing explanations Consider the following as you construct your explanation: • Evidence from the investigation • What you learned from the molecular modeling or tracing activity • Three Questions Handout 6 Comparing Ideas with a Partner • Compare your explanations for each of the Three Questions. – How are they alike? – How are they different? • Check your explanation with the middle- and right-hand columns of the Three Questions handout. • Consider making revisions to your explanation based on your conversation with your partner. 7 Digestion: The Matter Movement Question How do molecules move to the location of the chemical change? How do molecules move away from the location of the chemical change? Which atoms and molecules move during fungal digestion? Small organic molecules (monomers: amino acids, glucose, fatty acids, glycerol) Large organic molecules (polymers: proteins, carbs, fats) How do small and large organic molecules move during fungal digestion? Small organic molecules (monomers: amino acids, glucose, fatty acids, glycerol) Large organic molecules (polymers: proteins, carbs, fats) Matter Movement Do you have: Large Organic Molecules • a label showing large organic molecules or polymers (carbohydrates, proteins, fat/lipids) in the detritus? 11 Matter Movement Do you have: Large Organic Molecules • a label showing small organic molecules in the detritus and an arrow showing them entering the hyphal cell? Small Organic Molecules 12 Matter Movement Do you have: Large Organic Molecules • an arrow showing small organic molecules moving through the hyphal cells? Small Organic Molecules 13 Matter Movement Do you have: Large Organic Molecules • an arrow showing small organic molecules moving through the fungus? Small Organic Molecules 14 Digestion: The Matter Change Question What molecules are carbon atoms in before and after the chemical change? What other molecules are involved? Note: fungi produce and release molecules (enzymes) that can break large organic molecules up into small organic molecules. Matter Change Name the chemical change that a fungus uses to break down food: Digestion 16 Matter Change What molecules are carbon atoms in before the chemical change? Large organic molecules (or polymers: carbohydrates, fats/lipids, and proteins) What molecules are carbon atoms in after the chemical change? Small organic molecules (or monomers: amino acids, sugars, and fatty acids) Chemical Change What other molecules are needed? (Water) What other molecules are produced? None 17 Digestion: The Energy Change Question What forms of energy are involved? What energy transformations take place during the chemical change? Energy Change What forms of energy go into this chemical change? Chemical Energy What forms of energy come out of this chemical change? Chemical Energy 19 Telling the Whole Story Question: How does a fungus get small organic molecules to its cells? • Does your story include these parts? Matter movement: Large organic molecules make up the detritus outside of the fungus. Matter change: The large organic molecules of the detritus are broken into small organic molecules by enzymes released by the fungus. Energy change: The chemical energy of the C-C and C-H bonds in the large organic molecules remains in the C-C and C-H bonds of small organic molecules. Matter movement: The small organic molecules move into the fungus’ hyphal cells. These molecules go to all parts of the fungus to be used for cellular respiration and biosynthesis. 20 Step 2: Biosynthesis Materials for growth: Biosynthesis Food Digestion Energy: Cellular respiration 21 Constructing explanations Consider the following as you construct your explanation: • Evidence from the investigation • What you learned from the molecular modeling or tracing activity • Three Questions Handout 22 Comparing Ideas with a Partner • Compare your explanations for each of the Three Questions. – How are they alike? – How are they different? • Check your explanation with the middle- and right-hand columns of the Three Questions handout. • Consider making revisions to your explanation based on your conversation with your partner. 23 The Matter Movement Question Small organic molecules (monomers: amino acids, glucose, fatty acids, glycerol) How do fungal cells use small organic molecules to grow and divide? Large organic molecules (polymers: proteins, carbs, fats) Matter Movement Small Organic Molecules Do you have: • an arrow showing small organic molecules or monomers going into the fungal cell? 25 Matter Movement Small Organic Molecules Large organic molecules Do you have: • large organic molecules (or polymers) staying in the fungal cell? 26 The Carbon and Energy Questions: The Matter Change Question What happens to small organic molecules during biosynthesis? Chemical change Small organic molecules (monomers) go into cells, but don’t come out. What happens inside the cells? Matter Change Name the chemical change that fungal cells use to build large organic molecules: Biosynthesis 28 Matter Change What molecules are carbon atoms in before the chemical change? Small organic molecules (or monomers such as amino acids, sugars, and fatty acids) What molecules are carbon atoms in after the chemical change? Large organic molecules (or fats/lipids, and proteins) Chemical Change What other molecules are needed? None What other molecules are produced? Water 29 Energy Change What forms of energy go into this chemical change? Chemical Energy What forms of energy come out of this chemical change? Chemical Energy 30 Telling the Whole Story Question: How does a cell in the stem of a fungus use food to grow and divide? • Does your story include these parts? Matter movement: Small organic molecules (or monomers, such as amino acids, sugars, fatty acids, and glycerol) enter the fungal cell. Matter change: The small organic molecules are combined to make large organic molecules (or polymers, such as carbohydrates, fats/lipids, and proteins). Energy change: The chemical energy stored in the C-C and C-H bonds in the small organic molecules (monomers) stays in these bonds when they are combined into large organic molecules (polymers). Matter movement: The cell grows bigger and may eventually divide as more large organic molecules (polymers) are made. 31 Discuss with a partner 32