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AP European History Chapter 14 and 15 Study Guide: European Civilization, 1871-1914: Economy, Politics, Society and Culture Terms to Know 1. Second Industrial Revolution 2. Business Cycles 3. Financiers 4. Cartel 5. Monopoly 6. Corporation 7. Partnership 8. Sole Proprietorship 9. Industrial Capitalism 10. Commercial Capitalism 11. Capitalism 12. Favorable Balance of Trade 13. Gold Standard 14. Zones of Civilization 15. fin de siècle (end of century) 16. “Belle Époque” 17. Third French Republic 18. Chamber of Deputies 19. Leon Gambetta 20. Jules Ferry/Ferry Laws 21. Boulanger Crisis (1887-89): 22. Panama scandal (1892 23. Dreyfus Affair 24. Emile Zola 25. Jean Juarès 26. Revisionists 27. Le Petite Journal 28. Daily Mail and Daily Express 29. Kulturkampf 30. Bessemer process 31. Gottlieb Daimler 32. Henry Ford 33. Solway process 34. Rudolph Diesel 35. Charles Goodyear 36. Ernest Rutherford 37. Louis Pasteur 38. Dmitri Mendeleev 39. Michael Faraday 40. Curie 41. Mendel 42. Agnosticism 43. Karen Horney 44. Melanie Klein 45. Herzl [Type text] 46. Catholic Center Party 47. Social Democratic Party (S.P.D.) 48. Kaiser William II 49. Adolphe Thiers 50. Reform Bill of 1867, “leap in the dark” 51. Reform Act of 1884 52. Taff Vale Decision 53. The First International 54. Fabian Society 55. Kier Hardie 56. Independent Labor Party 57. Parliament Act of 1911 58. The First Vatican Council in 1870 Papal infallibility – 59. “May Laws” of 1873 60. Education Act of 1902 61. Pius X 1903-1914 62. Pope Leo XIII –1878-1903 63. Rerum Novarum 64. William Gladstone 65. Benjamin Disraeli 66. Darwinism 67. Evolution 68. Social Darwinism 69. Herbert Spencer 70. Sigmund Freud 71. Carl Jung 72. Auguste Comte 73. Ivan Pavlov 74. Einstein 75. Friedrich Nietzsche 76. Thomas Huxley 77. Salafi movement 78. “new” Liberalism 79. The Second Reform Act (1867) 80. The Education Act of 1870 81. John Bright 82. Reform Act of 1884 (Representation of the People Act of 1884) 83. Parliament Act of 1911 84. Representation of the People Act (1918) 85. Reform Act of 1928: Suffrage for women over 21 Page 1 AP European History Chapter 14 and 15 Study Guide: European Civilization, 1871-1914: Economy, Politics, Society and Culture ARTISTIC STYLES AND PEOPLE 1. Basilica of the Sacred Heart, or Sacré Coeu 2. Honoré de Balzac 3. Gustave Flaubert 4. Thomas Hardy 5. Emile Zola 6. George Eliot 7. Leo Tolstoy 8. Henrik Ibsen 9. Edvard Munch—Symbolism 10. Gustav Courbet 11. Francois Millet, The Gleaners 12. Honore Daumier, Third-Class Carriage 13. Edgar Degas 14. Edouard Manet, Le Déjeuner sur l’herbe ;Olympia 15. Impressionism 16. Claude Monet, Impression Sunrise 17. Pierre-Auguste Renoir, Le Moulin de la Galette 18. Vincent van Gogh, Starry Night 19. Paul Gauguin 20. Paul Cézanne 21. Henri Matisse, les fauves 22. Pablo Picasso, Les Madamoselle d’Avignon 23. Cubism 24. Expressionism 25. Wassily Kandinsky [Type text] Page 2 AP European History Chapter 14 and 15 Study Guide: European Civilization, 1871-1914: Economy, Politics, Society and Culture Chapter 14—Guided Reading 1-24 European Civilization, 1871–1914: Economy and Politics 1. Identify the areas that were considered the “Europe of steam, “by 1914. 2. Identify the continent grew the most in the centuries following 1650 and explain the causes and effects of the growth. 3. Why did the birth rate in France decline in early nineteenth century? 4. Identify the cities that had a million people by 1914. 5. Identify the area/s or country/ies that received the largest number of European immigrants 6. Describe the characteristics of the “New Industrial Revolution” after 1870. 7. By 1914, who were the world’s largest steel producers? 8. What encouraged multilateral trade relationships? 9. Identify the hub of the global economic and financial system and explain why it became the hub. [Type text] Page 3 AP European History Chapter 14 and 15 Study Guide: European Civilization, 1871-1914: Economy, Politics, Society and Culture 10. Why was the limited liability corporation an attractive development in the nineteenth century? 11. In the nineteenth century, why did business people use vertical and horizontal integration? 12. After the Franco-Prussian, what did elections reflect about the French people? 13. Describe the Paris Commune of 1871. 14. Which country had a republican (non-monarchical) form of government in 1900? 15. Identify the Dreyfus Affair and explain its significance. 16. Describe the true nature of the Radical Socialists of France. 17. When was universal male suffrage granted in Great Britain? 18. What did the Irish demanded that British authorities do after 1870? 19. Describe Prime Minister Gladstone’s solution for the Irish question, regarding Home Rule. 20. Why did Bismarck initiate an extensive program of social legislation? 21. Describe Kaiser William II “new course” after 1890 22. Describe how Italian political life was characterized after 1870. 23. Identify the most serious problem that remained in Austria-Hungary. 24. Describe the progress of representative and democratic institutions that changed the framework of European politics. CHAPTER 14 LEQ’S 25. How did Europe’s population change in the nineteenth century? How large was Europe’s population in relation to that of the rest of the world during this period? What shift occurred in France’s population relative to the populations of other great European states? 26. Describe the great European migration of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Why did emigrants leave Europe? Where did they go? 27. How was a world market created in the nineteenth century? Discuss innovations in finance, industry, and trade. 28. Describe the developments in the European economy at the end of the nineteenth century, examining in particular the “new Industrial Revolution” and the so-called “Great Depression” of 1873 through the 1890s. During this time, what were the positions of Britain and Germany in the European and global economy? 29. Focusing on the years 1870 to 1914, what gave the French Third Republic the strength to survive despite a number of severe crises? 30. How and why did labor emerge as an independent political force in Britain? 31. Discuss Bismarck’s administration of the German Empire from 1871 to 1890. What were his goals? 32. Compare and contrast the “first” and “second” industrial revolutions. 33. Analyze ways in which urbanization impacted European society in the 19th century. [Type text] Page 4 AP European History Chapter 14 and 15 Study Guide: European Civilization, 1871-1914: Economy, Politics, Society and Culture 34. How did the industrial revolution and urbanization impact Europe’s social structure? CHAPTER 15 SAQ’S 35. What was the European family pattern? What was the impact of that pattern on the lives of women? 36. In the nineteenth century, where was capital accumulated? To which parts of the globe was it exported? 37. Why was limited liability corporation considered an important economic advance during the nineteenth century? 38. What was the Dreyfus Affair? How did it split France? 39. How did Gladstone approach the Irish question? 40. How did democracy advance in Europe during the nineteenth century? Map Exercises Consider the map, Migration from Europe, 1850–1940, on page 581. 41. Where did Europeans build up “European” societies elsewhere in the world? Consider the map, Export of European Capital to 1914, on page 590. 42. Where did the British, French, and Germans invest their capital overseas? 43. What did Europeans gain from investing abroad? Chapter 15 Study Guide: European Civilization, 1871–1914: Society and Culture 1-20 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 1. What was not resolved during the working class movement prior to the year 1914? 2. Describe the labor unions of Britain, in contrast to the unions on the continent. Identify the new political party that was organized in Britain at the turn of the 19th century to represent the working class. Who argued that the state was the main enemy of the common person? What did the Fabian socialists argue? What happened on the continent, except for Russia, as Marxist or Social Democratic parties became larger? Identify among the Marxists, who opposed “revisionism,” or compromise with governments and capitalists to obtain reforms, and continued to demand class conflict. [Type text] Page 5 AP European History Chapter 14 and 15 Study Guide: European Civilization, 1871-1914: Economy, Politics, Society and Culture 8. Identify the most important movement amongst Feminist in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. 9. What did Charles Darwin mean by evolution? 10. Explain the ideology of the Social Darwinists. 11. What was undermined by anthropology and Darwinism 12. What was one of the most important book published in 1900 13. Explain Freud’s ideologies. 14. Explain Einstein’s theories. 15. Who argued that Christian virtues demonstrated a slavish morality? 16. Describe the artistic style that concentrated on using light and color to portray everyday life. 17. How did the Catholic Church begin to adapt to the trends of the modern age by the end of the nineteenth century? 18. Describe the plight of the European Jews toward the end of the nineteenth century. 19. Describe the hardships produced by a free economy. 20. Explain the “new” liberalism of David Lloyd George in England and Theodore Roosevelt and Woodrow Wilson in the United States. CHAPTER 15 LEQ’S 21. Analyze the rise of the European trade union movement and socialism in the latter half of the nineteenth century. 22. In what ways did science and scientific thinking change between 1860 and 1914? How did science in this period lead to concrete advances, and on the other hand, call into question the very rationality of our world? 23. What changes did European religions undergo in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries? How did scientific advances trigger some of those changes? 24. What accounted for the decline of classical liberalism in Europe by the end of the 19th century? CHAPTER 15 SAQ’S 25. Why did Marxism experience a push toward revisionism in the late nineteenth century? 26. Why did Darwin’s ideas provoke a great outcry? 27. Why were the Protestants less successful in resisting the effects of the age than Catholics? 28. Why was the notion of human beings as rational creatures questioned in the late nineteenth century? 29. In what ways did economic trends in the nineteenth and early twentieth century undermine liberalism? [Type text] Page 6 AP European History Chapter 14 and 15 Study Guide: European Civilization, 1871-1914: Economy, Politics, Society and Culture [Type text] Page 7