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Download Nineteenth Century Background - University of Toronto Scarborough
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HISTORY 3040 CANADA AND THE WORLD NineteenthCentury Background Dr. Curtis Cole September 21, 2009 Trent University in Oshawa Nineteenth Century Background Confederation Nineteenth Century Background Nineteenth Century Background Confederation: •A Self-Governing Colony •Disallowance John A. Macdonald Gradually a different colonial system is being developed – and will become, year by year, less a case of dependence on our part, and of over-ruling protection on the part of the Mother Country, and more a case of healthy and cordial alliance. Instead of looking upon us as a merely dependent colony, England will have in us a friendly nation – a subordinate but still a powerful people – to stand by her in North America in peace or in war. Nineteenth Century Background Major Cause of Confederation: •fear of the United States Nineteenth Century Background Major Cause of Confederation : •fear of the United States Somewhere on Parliament Hill… there should be erected a monument to this American ogre who has so often performed the function of saving us from drift and indecision. Frank Underhill University of Toronto Nineteenth Century Background Major Cause of Confederation : •fear of the United States •American Revolution •War of 1812 •border disputes - New Brunswick - Oregon Nineteenth Century Background CIVIL WAR 1861-1865 Abraham Lincoln U.S. President Jefferson Davis Confederate President Nineteenth Century Background CIVIL WAR 1861-1865 C.S.S. Alabama Nineteenth Century Background CIVIL WAR 1861-1865 •Trent affair - November-December, 1861 William Henry Seward U.S. Secretary of State Abraham Lincoln One war at a time! Nineteenth Century Background CIVIL WAR 1861-1865 •Trent affair - November-December, 1861 •fear of U.S. troop build-up Nineteenth Century Background CIVIL WAR 1861-1865 •St. Albans Raid - October, 1864 Magistrate Charles Coursol General John Dix Nineteenth Century Background Nineteenth Century Background Louis Riel Nineteenth Century Background •Treaty of Washington, May 1871 Hamilton Fish U.S. Secretary of State, 1869-77 John A. Macdonald Nineteenth Century Background •Treaty of Washington, May 1871 •Reparation Payments for the Alabama Hamilton Fish U.S. Secretary of State, 1869-77 John A. Macdonald Nineteenth Century Background •Treaty of Washington, May 1871 •Reparation Payments for the Alabama Hamilton Fish U.S. Secretary of State, 1869-77 Charles Sumner U.S. Senator, 1851-77 “$2 Billion – Or Give Up Canada” John A. Macdonald Nineteenth Century Background •Treaty of Washington, May 1871 •Reparation Payments for the Alabama Hamilton Fish U.S. Secretary of State, 1869-77 John A. Macdonald Charles Sumner U.S. Senator, 1851-77 “$2 Billion – Or Give Up Canada” Andrew Johnson U.S. President, 1865-69 Nineteenth Century Background •Treaty of Washington, May 1871 •Reparation Payments for the Alabama •Johnson-Clarendon Convention, 1869 Hamilton Fish U.S. Secretary of State, 1869-77 John A. Macdonald Charles Sumner U.S. Senator, 1851-77 “$2 Billion – Or Give Up Canada” Andrew Johnson U.S. President, 1865-69 Nineteenth Century Background •Treaty of Washington, May 1871 •Reparation Payments for the Alabama •Johnson-Clarendon Convention, 1869 Hamilton Fish Charles Sumner U.S. Secretary of State, 1869-77 U.S. Senator, 1851-77 U.S. President, 1865-69 John A. Macdonald Reverdy Johnson Lord Clarendon U.S. Ambassador to Britain British Foreign Secretary Andrew Johnson Nineteenth Century Background •Treaty of Washington, May 1871 •Reparation Payments for the Alabama •Johnson-Clarendon Convention, 1869 •Rejected by the U.S. Senate, 54-1 Hamilton Fish Charles Sumner Andrew Johnson U.S. Secretary of State, 1869-77 U.S. Senator, 1851-77 U.S. President, 186569 John A. Macdonald Reverdy Johnson Lord Clarendon U.S. Ambassador to Britain British Foreign Secretary Nineteenth Century Background •Treaty of Washington, May 1871 •Reparation Payments for the Alabama Ulysses S. Grant U.S. President, 1869-77 Nineteenth Century Background •Treaty of Washington, May 1871 •Reparation Payments for the Alabama •Great Britain apologized Ulysses S. Grant U.S. President, 1869-77 Nineteenth Century Background •Treaty of Washington, May 1871 •Reparation Payments for the Alabama •Great Britain apologized •Reparations set at $15.5 million Ulysses S. Grant U.S. President, 1869-77 Nineteenth Century Background •Treaty of Washington, May 1871 •Reparation Payments for the Alabama •Fishing Rights Nineteenth Century Background •Treaty of Washington, May 1871 •Reparation Payments for the Alabama •Fishing Rights • 1818: Americans forbidden inside 3mile limit off British territory Nineteenth Century Background •Treaty of Washington, May 1871 •Reparation Payments for the Alabama •Fishing Rights • 1818: Americans forbidden inside 3mile limit off British territory • Reciprocity Treaty, 1854 •Both permitted to fish north of 36º Nineteenth Century Background •Treaty of Washington, May 1871 •Reparation Payments for the Alabama •Fishing Rights • 1818: Americans forbidden inside 3mile limit off British territory • Reciprocity Treaty, 1854 •Both permitted to fish north of 36º • Treaty lapsed, 1866 •Old limits enforced Nineteenth Century Background •Treaty of Washington, May 1871 •Reparation Payments for the Alabama •Fishing Rights •Alaska, 1867 Nineteenth Century Background •Treaty of Washington, May 1871 •Reparation Payments for the Alabama •Fishing Rights •Alaska, 1867 •Seward’s Folly William Seward U.S. Secretary of State, 1861-1869 Nineteenth Century Background •Treaty of Washington, May 1871 •Reparation Payments for the Alabama •Fishing Rights •Alaska, 1867 •Seward’s Folly Santo Domingo William Seward U.S. Secretary of State, 1861-1869 Nineteenth Century Background •Treaty of Washington, May 1871 •Reparation Payments for the Alabama •Fishing Rights •Alaska, 1867 •Puget Sound Santo Domingo Nineteenth Century Background •Treaty of Washington, May 1871 •Reparation Payments for the Alabama •Fishing Rights •Alaska, 1867 •Puget Sound •German Emperor appointed arbitrator •Ruled in U.S. favour Santo Domingo Kaiser Wilhelm I Nineteenth Century Background •Treaty of Washington, May 1871 John A. Macdonald Nineteenth Century Background •Treaty of Washington, May 1871 •Reciprocity? John A. Macdonald Nineteenth Century Background •Treaty of Washington, May 1871 •Reciprocity? •U.S. not interested John A. Macdonald HISTORY 3040 CANADA AND THE WORLD NEXT WEEK A New Century Reading: Stacey, vol. I, pp. 52-84
