Download Nutrients and the body

Nutrients and the body
Barbora Bakajová,Tereza Šimšová
NUTRIENTS
elements or compounds necessary for an
organism's metabolism, growth, or other
functioning.
 some of them are essential,because they
cannot be synthesized in the body and
must be obtained from a food source.
 substances that provide energy

nutrients:živiny
Groups of nutrients
Carbohydrates
 Proteins
 Fats
 Minerals
 Fat-soluble vitamins
 Water-soluble vitamins
 Water

Carbohydrates
compounds made up of sugars used or
stored as energy
 have three different types of simple
sugars:1) monosaccharide
2) disaccharide
3) polysaccharide
Complex carbohydrates are stored in the
body as glycogen.

Sugar in our Diet
some sugars are found naturally in foods like
most fruits and their juices- we get calories from
sugar but also vitamins and minerals
 some are added when foods are manufactured,
they make foods taste sweet (dextrose, fructose,
maltose )
 eating a lot of sugary foods can cause tooth
decay

diet-strava
tooth decay-zubní kaz
Gelatin bonbons
ingredients – sugar,
glucose syrup, starch,
citric acid and gelatin
 shapes – teddy bears,
worms, cherries, …
 source of energy
 skin, connective tissue or
bones
 gelatin known as E
number E441

starch - škrob
Quiz about sugar
1. Orange juice gives us.....
a. sugar, vitamins and minerals
b. empty calories
c. no sugar, but plenty of vitamins
 2. Eating too many sugary foods may cause. . .
a. diabetes
b. hypertension
c. tooth decay

Normal regulation of blood glucose
Proteins
the most abundant component in the human
body
 including amino acids, that provide the building
blocks for enzymes and other proteins within the
body
 peptide bond
 enzymes , hormones , antibodies



abundant-vydatný,hojný
provide-poskytnout
Meat
usually muscle; fat or
non – muscle organs
 ingredients – water,
lipids, nitric and
inorganic compounds
 building hair, muscle,
hormonal regulation
 source of zinc, iron
and nitrogen

Fats
can be defined as the basic nutrients
 they are needed for:
the proper functions of cells
maintenance of body temperature
healthy skin and hair
 including fatty acids
 body does not manufacture essential fatty acids

proper-správný
maintaince-udržování
Cholesterol
is needed by our bodies for our cells, nerves and
brain
 important in forming hormones and enzymes
 we make all the cholesterol we need in our liver
but we get cholesterol from the foods we eat,
too
 if we eat too many foods that contain cholesterol
, our chances of developing heart disease are
higher

liver-játra
Butter
dairy product from cream
 emulsion of lipids, water
and milk proteins
 source of vitamins A,D,E
and K
 contributor to health
problems (heart disease)
 substitute vegetable
margarine

contributor - přispěvatel
Minerals
minerals are inorganic substances
almost all foods contribute to a varied intake of
essential minerals
 a major exception is iron for children and
adolescent
 everyone at every age needs calcium which
builds bones and teeth, and it is necessary for
blood clotting
 other important minerals are sodium, potassium,
iodine, magnesium, zinc, and copper.


contribute-přispívat
intake-příjem
clotting-srážení
Vitamins
all living things need vitamins for growth and
health
 exist two types
1) Fat-soluble vitamins
four vitamins - A, D, E, and K
2) Water-soluble vitamins
the vitamin B group of several vitamins ,
vitamin C
 good sources should be eaten every day.

Water
every cell in the body must be bathed in
water
 takes an active part in many chemical
reactions
 is needed to carry other nutrients
 to regulate body temperature
 makes up about 60 percent of an adult's
body weight.

Thank you for your
attention