Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Body Organization Anatomy vs. Physiology LT#1 Anatomy is the study of structure of body parts & their relation to one another Physiology is the study of the function of the body’s structural machinery Structure of an organ suits its function LT#2 Atoms Molecules Macromolecules Cells w/organelles Tissues Organs Organ Systems Organism Levels of Organization – pg 2 LT#2 Chemical – atoms combined to form molecules Cellular – cells are made of molecules Tissue – consists of similar types of cells Organ – made up of different types of tissues Organ system – consists of different organs that work closely together Organism – made up of the organ systems Anatomical Position LT#3 Standing erect Face forward Arms at the sides Palms and toes forward Planes of the body LT#3 Relative positions of the body LT#3 Superior / inferior –which plane? Anterior / posterior –which plane? Medial / lateral –which plane? Proximal / distal –which plane? Superficial / deep –which plane? Central / peripheral –which plane? Regions of the body SQ5 Gross Anatomy = macroscopic Axial – head, neck, trunk Appendicular – limbs (arms & legs) Body cavities LT#4 Dorsal = 1 – Cranial cavity – Spinal cavity Ventral = 2 – Thoracic Pleural cavity Pericardial cavity – Abdominopelvic Abdominal Pelvic Organs within body cavities LT#5 Dorsal / posterior – brain & spinal cord Ventral / anterior – chest & abdomen Chest – thoracic cavity: heart & lungs Diaphram divides thorax / abdomen Abdominopelvic cavity – digestive organs, kidneys, bladder, gonads Organ systems & associated organs LT#6 1)Integumentary sys – skin, hair, nails, sweat glands, sebaceous glands 2)Skeletal sys – bones, cartilage, ligaments, red & yellow marrow 3)Muscular sys – skeletal muscle, smooth muscle, cardiac muscle 4)Nervous sys – brain, spinal cord, sense organs 5)Endocrine sys – hormone secreting glands, like gonads Organ systems & associated organs LT#6 (continued) 6) Circulatory sys – heart, blood vessels, lymph 7) Lymphatic sys – disease fighting = immune system 8)Respiratory sys – lungs, bronchial tubes 9)Digestive sys – mouth (teeth, tongue, salivary glands), esophagus, stomach, small intestine, colon, liver, gall bladder, pancreas 10)Reproductive sys – gonads, external sex organs Functions of the organ systems LT#7 1. Integumentary – protection, temperature control, senses 2. Skeletal – support, protection, blood production, mineral storage 3. Muscular – movement, fight/flight response 4. Nervous – perception, information processing, responses 5. Endocrine – produces hormones to regulate all functions Functions of the organ systems LT#7 (continued) 6. Circulatory – transport nutrients, eliminate waste 7. Lymphatic – disease fighting 8. Respiratory – oxygen in, carbon dioxide out 9. Digestive – receives & processes nutrients 10.Reproductive – perpetuation of the species Homeostasis & how to maintain it LT#8 Keeping the body’s internal environment fairly constant: [glucose 0.1%], pH 7.4, BP 120/80, temperature ~37 C (98.6 F) Negative feedback (fig 1.9 p 13) Positive feedback Negative feedback – the output shuts off the original stimulus e.g. regulation of blood glucose Positive feedback – output exaggerates the original stimulus – e.g. regulation of blood clotting Disease: Local vs. Systemic LT#9 A breakdown in normal selfregulation – homeostasis fails! Local – restricted to a certain body part (e.g. UTI – urinary tract infection) Systemic – entire body affected or at least several organ systems Acute vs. chronic / sudden, short vs. less severe & longer duration Name the 4 quadrants of the abdominopelvic cavity. Divide it into the 9 regions. SQ#7 9 abdomminopelvic regions SQ#7 Organ donation – the application piece. Please read the Medical Focus on p. 10. Answer the following questions – Why is organ donation fairly successful? (2 reasons) – How many organs can be given from 1 person? – What is problematic about organ donation? – What are the requirements for donation? – How are organs distributed? Organ donation reflection (10pts) Write a brief reflection about how you feel about organ donation. Would you do it? Have you done it already? What about the film 7 Pounds? Would you want to prescreen your donations?