Download II. CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM TESTS

II. CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
TESTS
1.
Generalities
CS Structure of the neuron includes:
a) dendrit
b) cell body
c) specific celular organites
d) axon
e) all mentioned above
2.
CS Closure of the rostral end of neuronal tube in median plane results in:
a) anterior cerebral commissure
b) orbital gyri
c) superior frontal gyrus
d) lamina terminalis
e) hypothalamic groove
3.
CM Brain stem includes:
a) quadrigeminal colliculus
b) pons of Varoli
c) myelencephalon (medulla oblongata)
d) striated bodies
e) mesencephalon
4.
CM Several stages are distinguished in nervous system development:
a) primitive nervous system
b) reticular nervous system
c) nodular nervous system
d) tubular nervous system
e) central nervous system
5.
CM Functions of the nervous system:
a) it provides connection between the body and environment
b) it regulates and coordinates the functions of cells, tissues, organs and organ systems,
maintaining homeostasis
c) integration of organs and organ systems, uniting them in a whole body
d) regulation of the wakefulness and sleep
e) performs phagocytosis in the body
6.
CM Types of synapses
a) axomotor somato-somatic
b) axosomatic
c) axodendritic
d) dendrosomatic
e) axoaxonal
7.
CM Topographical classification of the receptors:
a) trophoreceptors
b) mechanoreceptors
c) exteroreceptors
d) proprioreceptors
e) interoreceptors
8.
CM Functions of the receptors:
a) collection of information from the external environment
b) collection of information from the internal environment
c) generating of nerve impulses
d) selection of collected information
e) conduction of response reactions
CM Functional classification of the neurons:
a) sensoryorafferent
b) motor or efferent
c) interneurons
d) secretory
e) neuroimmune
9.
10.
CM Shapes of neurons:
a) flat
b) pyramidal
c) oval
d) round
e) spindle-shaped
11.
CM Statements regarding the myelin sheath of nerve fibers:
a) it is formedby Schwann cellsaround the peripheral nerves
b) it is formed in the central nervous system by some astrocytes
c) it does not have nodules in the central nervous system
d) it consists of the layers of proteins and lipids
e) its thickness is directly proportional to the diameter of cylindrax
12.
CS Henle’s sheath has the following features, except:
a) accompanies axonal ramifications to their endings
b) is made up of fibers of collagen and reticulin
c) is continuous
d) has a key role in the input of nerve impulses
e) performs trophic and protective functions
13.
CS Axon has the following features, except:
a) presents axoplasma
b) contains neurofibrile
c) conducts centripetal nerve impulses
d) is bounded by axolema
e) has distal terminal button
14.
CS Neuron has the following features, except:
a) may be star-shaped, pyramidal or round
b) it is the morphofunctional unit of the nervous system
c) may have multiple processes
d) is located inside the neurax only
e) generates and conducts nerve impulses
15.
CSMyelin sheath has the following features, except:
a) consists of the cells of neuroglia
b) insulates nerve fibers from the adjacent ones
c) it is continuous
d) provides nutrition to the cylindraxis
e) is characteristic of fibers with high speed of conduction
16.
CM The brain develops from five brain vesicles:
a) myelencephalon - diencephalon
b) metencephalon - cerebellum, pons
c) mesencephalon - midbrain
d) diencephalon - endbrain
e) telencephalon –medulla oblongata
17.
CM Rhombencephlon includes:
a) diencephalon
b) metencephalon
c) endbrain
d) myelencephalon
e) mesencephalon
18.
19.
CM Metencephalon consists of:
a) medulla oblongata
b) cerebralpeduncles
c) cerebellum
d) quadrigeminal lamina
e) pons
Spinal cord and spinal meninges
CS The boundary between the brain and spinal medulla is located at the level of:
a) superior colliculus of the quadrigeminal lamina
b) terminal lamina
c) inferior margin of the greater occipital foramen
d) orifice of the first cervical vertebra
e) pons of Varolio
20.
CS Inferiorlimit of the spinal cord is located at the levelof vertebrae:
a) CVII – CVIII
b) TXII – LI
c) LI – LII
d) LV – SI
e) SIV – SV
21.
CM Structures located in the lateral grooves of the spinal cord are:
a) anterior roots
b) lateral roots
c) dorsal roots
d) median septum of the spinal cord
e) spinalganglia
22.
CS Posteriorroots of the spinal nerves consist of:
a) dendrites of the cells of posterior horn
b) dendrites of the neurons of spinal ganglia
c) axons of the pseudounipolar neurons
d) fibers of posterior columns of the spinal cord
e) processes ofmotor neurons
23.
CS Anteriorroots of the spinal nervesleave the spinal cord through the:
a) anterior median fissure
b) lateral grooves
c) anterior median fissure
d) anterolateral groove
e) posterolateral groove
24.
CS Lateral horns of the spinal cord gray matter are pronounced better in the
following regions:
a) cervicaland thoracic
b) cervicaland lumbar
c) thoracic andlumbar
d) thoracic and sacral
e) cervical and sacral
25.
CS Bodies of somatic motorneurons of the spinal cord are located in:
a) lateral horns
b) posterior horns
c) grey commissure
d) anterior horns
e) medullary reticular substance
26.
CS Bodies of somatic sensory neurons of the spinal cord are located in:
a) lateral horns
b) grey commissure
c) anterior horns
d) posterior column
e) posterior horns
27.
CS Bodies of visceromotor neurons of the spinal cord are located in:
a) anterior horns
b) lateral column
c) posterior horns
d) posteriorpart of the lateral horn
e) anterior half of the lateral horn
28.
CS Bodies of visceral sensory neurons of the spinal cord are located in:
a) anterior halfof the lateral horn
b) anterior half of the lateralcolumn
c) gray commissure
d) posterior halfof the lateral column
e) posterior half of the lateral horn
29.
CS Those 31 pairs of the spinal nerves are classified into:
a) 8 cervical, 10thoracic, 5lumbar, 5 sacral, 1 coccygeal
b) 12 cervical, 8thoracic, 5lumbar, 5 sacral, 1 coccygeal
c) 8 cervical, 12thoracic, 5lumbar, 5 sacral, 1 coccygeal
d) 8 cervical, 12thoracic, 4lumbar, 5 sacral, 1 coccygeal
e) 8 cervical, 12thoracic, 4lumbar, 4 sacral, 1 coccygeal
30.
CS Spinal gangliaare located:
a) in posterior horn
b) on theposterior root of the spinal nerve
c) on the anteriorroot of the spinal nerve
d) inside the whitematter of the spinal cord
e) on the trunk of spinal nerve
31.
CS Anterior root of the spinal nerve consists of:
a) dendritsand axons of the neurons ofspinal ganglion
b) axonsof somatic motorneurons of the spinal cord
c) axons of visceral motor neurons of the spinal cord
d) axonsof motor somatic and vegetativeneurons of the spinal cord
e) axons of vegetativeneurons of the spinal cord
32.
CS In humans branches of spinal nerves are distributed metameric at the region of:
a) thorax and abdomen
b) abdomen
c) thorax
d) upper limb
e) lower limb
33.
CM Dorsal horn neurons are arranged:
a) diffuse in nuclei
b) laminaryfrom the apex to the baseof horn (lamelae of Rexed)
c) in laminae from medianline to exterior
d) in net
34.
CS The bottom of dural sac ends at the level of vertebrae:
a) T12
b) L1
c) L2
d) S2
e) apex of coccys
35.
CS Sacral spinal segments may be harmed in fractures of vertebrae:
a) L1
b) L3
c) L5
d) S1 –S2
e) neither one of above mentioned
36.
CS Anterior roots of the spinal nerves consist of:
a) axons of the spinal ganglion cells
b) dendrites of pseudounipolar neurons
c) axons of motor neuronsof the anterior horns
d) fibers of anterior column
e) unmyelinated nerve fibers
37.
CS Spinal nerve is formed by roots:
a) anterior
b) lateral
c) anteriorand posterior
d) posterior
e) vegetative
38.
CS White matter of the spinal cord is organized under aspects of:
a)cords of nerve fibers
b) nervous ganglia
c) nervous plexuses
d) clusters of neurons
e) motor and sensory nuclei
39.
CS White matter of the spinal cord forms:
a)ventral, lateral and dorsal columns
b) ventral nuclei
c) lateral columns
d) sensory nuclei
e) ventraland dorsal columns
40.
CS Gray matter of the spinal cord consists of:
a) neuronalaxonsand dendrites
b) nervous ganglia
c)bodiesof the neurons
d) nervous plexuses
e) vascular plexuses
41.
CS Gray matter of the anterior hornsof the spinal cord forms nuclei:
a) sensory
b) motor
c) vegetative
d) visceromotor
e) parasympathetic
42.
CS Median septum of the spinal cord is located in:
a) ventrolateral groove
b) dorsolateral groove
c) anterior median fissure
d)posterior median groove
e) terminal groove
43.
CS Cervical segment of the spinal cord is interposed between the vertebrae:
a) C1- C12
b) C1 – C9
c) C1 – C8
d) C1 – C7
e) C1 – C6
44.
a) CS Denticulate ligament is anextension of:
b) dura mater
c) arachnoid
d) pia mater
e) coccygeal ligament
f) A + D
45.
CS Internalvertebral venous plexusesfill:
a) subdural space
b) subarachnoid space
c) subpial space
d) epiduralspace
e) transverse foramen
46.
CS Statements regarding the spinal dura mater:
a) is attached to the edges of the foramen magnum
b) extends along the spinal canal not below the first sacral vertebra
c) envelops the spinal nerve roots
d) enters the spinal cord through the anterior median fissure
e) issurrounded externallybythe cerebrospinal fluid of the epiduralspace
47.
CS Spinal cord extends between the vertebrae:
a) C2-L2
b) C1-L4
c) Co I - Co II
d) C2-S1
e) C1-L2
48.
CM Spinal cord in adult:
a) usually ends at the level of lower margin of body of the first lumbar vertebra
b) is the thickest at the level of lower cervical vertebra
c) hasthe anteriormedianfissure andposteriormedianseptum
d) is the origin of all preganglionic parasympathetic nerve fibers
e) is irrigated by the vertebral arteries totally
49.
CM Spinal nerves:
a) are formed by fusion of the ventral and dorsal roots
b) a ganglion containing synapses is located along the posterior root
c) are namedandnumbered according to the vertebrae from which emerge
d) receive a gray communicating branch from the paravertebral sympathetic chain
e) all of them send thewhite communicating branch to the paravertebral sympathetic chain
50.
CMTerminal filumstretches between the vertebrae:
a) T12-S4
b) L2- Co II
c) L1 – Co II
d) L2 – S4
e) L3 - Co I
51.
CS Tail of horse (cauda equina) consists ofthe roots of the following nerves:
a) thoracicandfilum terminale
b) thoracic,lumbarandfilum terminale
c) thoracic,lumbarand sacral
d) lumbar, sacralandfilum terminale
e) thoracic, sacralandfilum terminale
52.
CS Spinal cord continues upwards with the:
a) cerebellum
b)medulla oblongata
c) pons of Varolio
d) cerebral peduncles
e) mesencephalon
53.
CSSpinal cord endsinferiorlywith the:
a) terminal lamina
b) cauda equina
c) terminalfilum
d)medullary con
e) medullary striations
54.
CM Spinal medulla presents the intumescences:
a) occipital
b) cervical
c) thoracic
d) lumbosacral
e) caudal
55.
CM Tail of horseconsists of:
a) terminal lamina
b) roots of thethoracicnerves
c) terminalfilum
d) sacral spinalnerves
e)roots of the lower lumbarand sacral nerves
56.
CM Statements regarding the external structure of the spinal cord:
a) transverse groove
b) anterior medianfissure
c)boundary groove
d) posterior median fissure
e)anterior and posterior lateral grooves
57.
CM Spinal cord has:
a) cervicalintumescence
b) medulla oblongata
c) terminalfilum
d) medullary conus
e) neural vesicle
58.
CM Spinal cord shows the columns on its external surface:
a) superior
b) lateral
c) inferior
d) anterior
e) posterior
59.
CMSpecific ascending pathways of the spinal cord consist of:
a) two neurons
b) five neurons
c) three neurons
d) four neurons
e) all above mentioned are false
60.
CM Spinal cordends at the level of the vertebrae:
a) T12
b) L1
c) L2
d) L3
e) S2
61.
CM Ventral spinal column consists of the following fascicles, except:
a)ventralspinothalamic
b) ventral spinocerebellar
c) ventralcorticospinal
d) tectospinal
e) reticulospinal
62.
CM The gray matter of the spinal cord contains:
a) somatomotor neurons
b) vegetative neurons
c) somatosensory neurons
d) neuronsforming nets (reticular system)
e) sensory neurons
63.
CM Lateral hornsof the spinal gray matter contain the neurons:
a) somatomotor
b) visceromotor
c) somatosensory
d) viscerosensory
e) interneurons
64.
CM Axons of the visceromotor neuronsleave the spinal cord through the:
a) posteriorroot of thespinal nerve
b) anterior rootof the spinal nerve
c) anterior median fissure of the spinal cord
d) anterolateralgroove
e) posterolateral groove
65.
CM White matter of the spinal cord consists of:
a) somatomotor neurons
b) myelinated nerve fibers
c) unmyelinated nerve fibers
d) glial cells
e) postganglionic fibers
66.
CSReticular formation of the spinal cord is located:
a) in the vicinity of the gray matter
b) in gray commissure
c) in white matter, between theposterior and lateral horns
d) inside the anterior horn
e) in the central canal
67.
CM White matter of the spinal cord contains the following pathways:
a) short,connecting
b) descending, motor
c) ascending, sensory
d) ascending, nonspecific
e) intersegmentary
68.
CS Dorsal medullary column contains the fascicles:
a) rubrospinal
b) spinocerebellar
c) corticospinal
d) spinobulbar
e) spinorubral
69.
CM Segment C01 of the spinal cord is located:
a) in medullary conus
b) in the terminal filum
c) at the level of the S1 vertebra
d) at the level of the second lumbarvertebra
e) in the cauda equina
70.
CM Statements regarding the spinal cord:
a) amount of the white matter is bigger on the transversesection of the cervical segment
than ofthe lumbar one.
b) anteriorhorn of the gray matter in the lumbar segmentsis larger than in the thoracic
ones.
c) fibers conducting pain and thermal sensations form a tract located in the anterior
column of the spinal cord.
d) descending fibersof motor areas of thecerebral cortexpassthrough the lateral and
anterior columns of the white matter.
e) descending fibers do not pass through the posterior column.
71.
CM Statements regarding the fibersof posterior columnof the spinal cord:
a) are particularly central extensions of neurons located in the spinal ganglia.
b) they are central apophysis of the neurons of which peripheral extensions end in
epidermis.
c) form synapses in the nucleus gracilis and cuneatus.
d) are fiberscoming from the same part of the body.
e) is a part of a neuronal chain the most of which eventually ends in the cerebellum.
72.
CM Which roots of which nerves are located in the lateral grooves of the spinal cord?
a) cranial nerves
b) vegetative
c) spinal nerves
d) sensory
e) anterior and posterior
73.
CM Structures located in longitudinal grooves of the spinal cored are:
a) superior roots
b) sensory roots
c) anterior roots
d)posterior roots
e) median posterior septum
74.
CM Spinal nerve contains the following fibers:
a) somatomotor
b) sensory
c) short associative
d) long associative
e) commissural
75.
CM Gray matter of the spinal cord forms:
a) ventral gray columns (or cords)
b) lateral white columns (or funiculi)
c) posterior gray columns(or cords)
d) posterior white columns (or funiculi)
e) ventral white columns (or funiculi)
76.
CM On the cross section of the spinal cord gray matter presents:
a)posterior horns
b) inferior horns
c) spinal ganglia
d) ventral horns
e) choroid plexus
77.
CM In a cross-section of spinal cord may be distinguished:
a)white matter
b) substantia nigra
c) central canal
d) cerebral aqueduct
e) terminal cistern
78.
CM Anterior hornsof the spinal gray matter contain nuclei:
a) thoracic
b) anterolateral and posterolateral
c) posterior cord
d) central
e) anteromedial and posteromedial
79.
CM Gray matter of theposterior cord contains:
a) gelly substance
b) thoracic nucleus
c) lumbar nucleus
d) spongy zone
e) sympathetic nucleus
80.
CM Lateral hornsof the spinal gray matter contain nuclei:
a) motor
b) sensory
c) vegetativesympathetic
d) vegetative parasympathetic
e) lateral
81
CM Lateral white column of the spinal cordconsists of:
a) the fascicleof Goll (gracilis)
b) the ventral corticospinal tract
c) the ventral spinocerebellar tract
d) the rubrospinal tract
e)the lateral spinothalamic tract
82
CM Lateral white columnof the spinal cord contains the conductive pathways:
a) commissural
b) ascending
c) efferent
d) descending
e) spinobulbar
83
CM Rootlets of the spinal nerves are located at the level of:
a) the posterior median groove
b) the transverse groove
c) the anterolateral groove
d) the lateral caudal groove
e) the laterodorsal groove
84
CM Lateral white columnof the spinal cord contains:
a)the ventralspinocerebellar tract
b) the ventral corticospinal tract
c) the ventral spinothalamic tract
d) the dorsal spinocerebellartract
e) the rubrospinal tract
85
CM Posterior white column of the spinal cord consists of:
a) the dorsalspinocerebellar tract
b)the fascicleof Goll (gracilis)
c) the corticospinal tract
d)the fascicleof Burdach (cuneatus)
e) thespinothalamictract
86
CM Thoracolumbarpart of the spinal cord consists of the segments:
a) T1 – T12
b) L1 – L4
c) T 1 – T12
d) L1 – L6
e) L1 – L5
87
CM Ventral column of the spinal cordconsists of:
a) the anterior corticospinal tract
b)the fascicleof Burdach (cuneatus)
c) thelateral corticospinal tract
d) the dorsalspinocerebellartract
e) theanterior spinothalamictract
88
CM Anterior column of the spinal cord contains the following tracts:
a) the lateral spinothalamictract
b)the ventral spinothalamictract
c)the ventral corticospinal ventral
d) the lateral corticospinal tract
e) the corticonuclear tract
89
CM Ventral column of the white matter of the spinal cord consists of the tracts:
a)the anterior corticospinal tract
b) the ventral spinocerebellar tract
c)the ventralspinothalamic tract
d) the lateral corticospinal tract
e) the rubrospinal tract
90
CM Lateral columnof the spinalcord contains thefollowing tracts:
a) the corticonuclear tract
b) the ventral corticospinal tract
c)the dorsalspinocerebellar tract
d)the ventralspinocerebellar tract
e) the rubrospinal cord
91
CM Spinal meninges are:
a)the pachimeninx
b) the Henle’s membrane
c) unmyelinatedsheath
d)the arachnoid membrane
e)the pia mater
92
CM Leptomeninx includes:
a) the dura mater
b)the arachnoid membrane
c) the fibrous tunic
d)the pia mater
e) the intima
93
CMCerebrospinal fluid is contained in:
a)the terminalcisternof the spinal cord
b) the epiduralspace
c) the subarachnoidspace
d)the centralcanal
e)the fundusof the subdural sac
94
CM Spinal cord is coveredwith the:
a) the muscular tunic
b)the dura mater
c) the fibrous tunic
d)the pia mater
e)the arachnoidmembrane
95
CM Intermeningeal spacesof the spinal cord are:
a) epicranian
b) epidural
c) subdural
d) arachnoid
e) subarachnoid
96
CM Factorsof fixation of the meningeal sac in the vertebral canal are:
a)the cellulo-adipous tissue and venous plexuses ofthe epidural space
b) anterior, lateral, posterior meningeovertebral ligaments
c) dentate ligaments
d)fusion of the dura mater with the periosteum ofthe intervertebral orifices
e) increasedpressure în the vertebral canal
97
CM Spinal cord is fixed in the meningeal sac by:
a) the denticulateligaments
b) the posterior longitudinal septum thatunites the pia mater with arachnoid membrane in
sagittal plan
c) the cellulo-adipous tissue andvenous plexus of the epidural space
d) existence of thesubarachnoid space
e) negative pressure in the spinal canal
Myelencephalonand pons
98
CS The nuclei of the myelencephalon are thefollowing, EXCEPT:
a) ambiguus
b) dorsal nucleus of X cranial nerve
c) gracilis
d) the inferior salivatory nucleus
e) the interposed nucleus
99
CS Motor nucleus of one of the following nerves is located in the medulla oblongata:
a) VI
b) IX
c) VII
d) V
e) III
100
CSOne of the sensory nuclei of the following nerves is located inside the medulla
oblongata:
a) XI
b) III
c) V
d) XII
e) VI
101
CS Acoustic radiationsconsist of the axons of neurons located inside:
a) the dorsal cochlear nucleus
b) the ventral cochlear nucleus
c) the medial geniculatebody
d) the lateral geniculate body
e) the temporal cortex
102
CS Pons is a part ofthe:
a) prosencephalon
b) myelencephalon
c) metencephalon
d) mesencephalon
e) all above mentioned are false
103
CSMotor nucleus ofone of the following cranial nerves is located inside the pons:
a) XI
b) X
c) IX
d) VI
e) XII
104
CS Sensory nuclei of one of the following cranial nerves are located inside the pons
only:
a) VII
b) X
c) IX
d) V
e) VIII
105
CS Axons from the nucleus ambiguussupply muscles:
a) of the tongue
b) extrinsic muslesof the eyeball
c) of the larynx
d) muscles of the auricle
e) muscles of mastication
106
CS Motor fibers of the following nerves start from the nucleus ambiguus:
a) V, VI, VII
b) III, VI, VII
c) O, IX, X
d) IX, X, XI
e) V, VII, IX
107
CSWhich of the following nuclei is not associated with the rhombencephalon?
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
108
nucleus fastigii
nucleus gracilis
nucleus olivaris inferior
nuclei of the vagus nerve
oculomotor accessory nucleus
CM Limits of the medulla oblongata are the following:
a) superiorcolliculusof the laminaquadrigemina
b)inferiormargin of the pons
c) interthalamic adhesion
d)greater occipital foramen
e) orifice of the vertebra CI
109
CM Structures associated with the myelencephalon:
a) the cerebral peduncles
b)the pyramids
c)the cuneate tubercles
d) the mamillary bodies
e)the olives
110
CM Statements related to the external structure of the myelencephalon:
a) lateral grooves
b) terminal groove
c) longitudinal fissure
d)cuneate colliculus
e) pyramids
111
CM Centers located inside the myelencephalon:
a) olfactory
b) visual
c) respiratory
d) acoustic
e)cardiovascular
112
CM Nuclei of the following cranial nerves are located inside the myelencephalon:
a) XI
b) V
c) X
d) IX
e) XII
113
CM Sensory nuclei of the following cranial nerves are located inside the
myelencephalon:
a) X
b) IX
c) VII
d) V
e) XII
114
CM Nuclei located on the median line of the myelencephalon are:
a) ambiguus
b) nucleus of the hypoglossalnerve
c) dorsal al vagului
d) raphe magnus
e) raphe pontis
115
CMDorsal cochlear nucleus is connected to the:
a) superior vestibular nucleus
b) thalamus
c) reticular formation
d) nuclei of trapezoid body
e) nuclei of the lateral lemniscus
116
CM Statements related to the pyramids of the myelencephalon:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
117
CM Statements on the medulla oblongata:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
118
olives are located between the pyramidsand inferior cerebellarpeduncles.
nervus vagus passes between the pyramid and olive.
pyramidaldecussation is located in the posterior median groove.
tuberculum gracilisis located posteriorly andclosely to the median line.
spinalnucleus of the trigeminal nerve is located dorsolaterally.
CM Nuclei located inside the medulla oblongata are:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
119
they are located medially to the roots of the hypoglossal nerve
they are located medially to the olives.
consist mainly of descending fibers
all their fibers form crossing inside the myelencephalon
consist of the fibersthat start from the neurons of the precentral gyrus.
salivatory inferior
salivatory superior
ambiguus
nucleus of the solitary tract
motor nucleus of the trigeminal nerve
CS Cranial nervespassing between the pyramidand olive are:
a) abducent
b)
c)
d)
e)
120
CM Pons:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
121
contains the nucleigiving processes to thecerebellum.
contains the nucleiconnecting the cerebral cortex to the cerebellarcortex.
is located on theclivus.
is located in front of the basilarartery.
is located above the exit of the facial nerve from the brain
CM Pons:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
122
trigeminal
accessory
hypoglossal
glossopharyngeal
the trigeminal nerve starts on itsupper margin
contains the proper nuclei in its ventral part
contains the corticospinal (pyramidal) tracts inside its ventral part
is connected to the cerebellumby superior cerebellarpeduncles
contains the continuation of the medial lemniscus
CM Nuclei located inside the pons are:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
motor nucleus of the facial nerve.
oculomotor
spinal nucleus of the trigeminal nerve
abducent
inferiorsalivatory.
123
CSPons contains the following nuclei, EXCEPT:
a) motor nucleus of the VI cranial nerve
b) sensorynuclei of the VIII cranial nerve
c) sensory nucleus of the V cranial nerve
d) superiorsalivatory
e) inferior salivatory
124
CM Medial lemniscus:
a) consists mainly of the fibers that start from the ipsilateral nucleus gracilis andnucleus
cuneatus
b) it is a part of the cortical proprioreceptive pathway
c) it formsa bandleof fiberslocated inside the ponsabove the trapezoid body
d) it forms a bandle of fibers located inside the anteroposterior part of the myelencephalon
e) ends in the anterior nucleus of thethalamus
125
Cerebellum, IV ventricle, rhomboid fossa, isthmus
CS Cerebellumis located:
a) in the upper floor of thecranial cavity, in front of thebrain stem
b) in the middle floor of the cranial cavity, in front of the brain stem
c) in the lower floor of the cranial cavity, in front of the brain stem
a) in the lower floor of the cranial cavity, behind the brain stem
b) in the upper floor of the cranial cavity, behind the brain stem
126
CS Cerebellumconsists of:
a) an anterior part – paleocerebellum, and posterior part– neocerebellum, unitedbythe
middle part –archicerebellum
b) an anterior part –neocerebellum, one posterior part – paleocerebellum, unitedby the
middle part –archicerebellum
c) an anterior part – one posterior part –cerebellarhemispheres – unitedby the middle part
– vermis
d) two lateral parts –cerebellarhemispheres, unitedby medianpart – floculo-nodular lobe
e) trunkandhemisphere
127
CS Floculo-nodular lobeis related to the:
a) vermis
b) cerebellarhemispheres
c) paleocerebellum
d) neocerebellum
e) archicerebellum
128
CS Cerebellumis connected with thebrain stemby means of:
a) three pairs ofthe cerebral peduncles that connect it to themedulla oblongata, ponsand
mesencephalon
b) efferentand afferent fibers grouped into threepairs of the cerebral peduncles
c) three pairs of the cerebellar peduncles that contain three layers of the cells, the mainof
them is middle layer of Purkinje cells
d) three pairs of the cerebellar peduncles containing the superficial gray matterand deep
white matter
e) those three pairs of the cerebellar peduncles containing the afferent and efferent
fibersconnecting it to themedulla oblongata, pons and mesencephalon
129
CS Cerebellumisconnected to the myelencephalon by means of the:
a) afferent fibers
b)
c)
d)
e)
efferent fibers
middle cerebellar peduncles
inferior cerebellar peduncles
superiorcerebellar peduncles
130
CSCerebellumconsists of the gray and white substances arranged such:
a) superficial white substance – cortex ofthe cerebellum;internal gray matter –cerebellar
nuclei
b) superficial gray substance – cortex of the cerebellum; internal white matter – cerebellar
nuclei
c) superficial gray matter - cortex of the cerebellum; andinternal white matter – cerebellar
nuclei
d) peripheral white matter – cortex of the cerebellum; internally – cerebellar nuclei,
andgray matter - between the cortex and nuclei
e) three intermittent layers, the most important of them being that of the Purkinje cells
131
CS Cerebellarcortexconsists of:
a) fiberswithcortical origin
b) layer of the cells of Purkinje
c) fibers with spinal origin
d) three layers of cells
e) commissural fibers
132
CS Asociative fibers of the cerebellumform connections between the:
a) cerebellumandspinal cord
b) cerebellumandbrain stem
c) cerebellumand thalamus
d) cerebellumandcerebral cortex
e) cerebellar cortexandcerebellar nuclei
CS Cerebellumgets the afferent fibers mainly:
a) tactile
b) interoceptive
c) proprioceptive
d) all types of sensitivity
e) fibers conducting thermicandpain sensitivity
133
134
CS Efferent fibers from the cerebellumare directed to the:
a) epithalamus
b) thalamus
c) hypothalamus
d) medulla oblongata
e) globus pallidus
135
CS Cerebellumisconnected with the adjacent segments of the brain bymeans of the:
a) cerebral peduncles
b)cerebellar peduncles
c) cerebellarhemispheres
d) cerebellar vermis
e) internal capsule
136
CS Superiorcerebellar peduncles connect the cerebellumto the:
a) diencephalon
b) myelencephalon
c) mesencephalon
d) prosencephalon
e) pons
137
CS Inferior cerebellar peduncles connect the cerebellumto the:
a) spinal cord
b) pons
c) myelencephalon
d) mesencephalon
e) cerebral hemispheres
138
CS Middle cerebellar peduncules connect the cerebellumto the:
a) gray matter
b) nucleus of Iacubovici
c) myelencephalon
d) pons Varolio
e) diencephalon
139
CS Consecutivity of location of the cerebellar peduncles from medial to lateral:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
140
middle – superior – inferior.
inferior – middle – superior.
superior – inferior – middle.
middle – inferior – superior.
superior – middle – inferior.
CS The fourth cerebral ventricle is a cavity of the :
a) prosencephalon
b) mesencephalon
c)rhombencephlon
d) diencephalon
e) cerebral hemispheres
141
CS The fourth cerebral ventricle communicates with the third oneby:
a) central canal
b) median aperture
c) lateral aperture
d)cerebral aqueduct
e) interventricular foramina
142
CS Cerebrospinal fluid flows from the IV-th cerebralventricle through the:
a) aqueductof Sylvius
b) foramen of Magendie
c) foramen of Monro
d) choroidplexus of the IVth ventricle
e) all above mentioned are wrong
143
CS Aqueductof Sylvius communicates the following structures:
a) the IVthventricleand ependimal canal
b) the IVthventricle andsubarachnoid space
c) lateral ventricles andthe IIIrdventricle
d) the IIIrdandIVth ventricles
e) both lateral ventricles
144
CS Nucleus of the solitary tractis commonfor the nerves:
a) V - VI – VII
b) VII - VIII - IX
c) VII - IX - X
d) IX - X - XI
e) X - XI - XII
145
CM Cerebellum contains the following structures:
a)cerebellarhemisferae
b)cerebellar peduncles
c) cerebral peduncles
d) vermis
e) basilar groove
146
CS Cerebellum sends efferent fibers to the following structures, EXCEPT:
a) thalamus
b) red nucleus
c) gray tuber (tuber cinereum)
d) reticular system
e) vestibular nuclei
147
CS Basal part of the cerebral peduncles contains:
a) medial lemniscus
b) frontopontine fibers
c) spinothalamic tracts
d) lateral lemniscus
e) rubrospinal fascicle
148
CS Superior cerebellar peduncles contain the following tracts, EXCEPT:
a) ventral spinocerebellar
b) dorsal spinocerebellar
c) cerebellorubral
d) cerebellothalamic
e) cerebelloreticular
149
CS Cerebellum includes the following lobes:
a) 2 on each side(anterior-paleocerebellum, posterior-neocerebellum) unitedby the median
part -vermis
b) 2 lateral cerebellar, unitedby the median part –floculonodular lobe
c) anterior-paleocerebellum, posterior-neocerebellumand floculonodular lobe
d) 2 lateral lobes on each side (those anterior form the paleocerebellum, those posteriorneocerebellum), unitedby 2 lobessituated between them, vermis andfloculonodular lobe
e) anterior-paleocerebellum, middle-vermis, superior – floculonodular lobe
150
CM Gray matter of the cerebellum forms:
a) cerebral cortex
b) basal nuclei
c)cerebellar cortex
d) red nucleus
e)cerebellar nuclei
151
CM Cerebellum gets fibers from the:
a) spinal cord
b) brain stem
c) cerebral cortex
d) thalamus
e) reticular system
152
CM Cerebellar nuclei are:
a) emboliform nucleus
b) red nucleus
c)dentate nucleus
d) substantia nigra
e)nucleus globosus
153
CM Cerebellum gets fibers from the:
a) thalamus
b) myelencephalon
c) basal nuclei
d) pons of Varoli
e) pyramids of the medullla oblongata
154
CM Afferent fibers to the cerebellum come from the:
a) cerebral cortex
b) diencephalon
c) brain stem
d) basal nuclei
e) olive
155
CM Cerebellum gives efferent fibers to the:
a) pons of Varoli
b) cerebral peduncles
c) quadrigeminal colliculus
d) basal nuclei
e) anterior hornsof the spinal cord
156
CM Cerebellum gives efferent fibers to the:
a) spinal cord
b) myelencephalon
c) mesencephalon
d) thalamus
e) striated body
157
CM Gray matter of thecerebellum is located:
a) superficially
b) forms a net
c) formscerebellar nuclei
d) inside the cerebellar peduncles
e) inside the vermis
158
CM Cerebellum contains:
a) cerebellarhemispheres
b)
c)
d)
e)
vermis
floculonodular lobe
cerebral peduncles
isthmus of the rhombencephalon
159
CM Cerebellum is located:
a) inside inferiorfloor of the cranial cavity
b) it continuesthe cerebral peduncles
c) behind the brain stem
d) inside of anterior floor of the cranial cavity
e) inside the intradural space
160
CM Superior cerebellar peduncles contain:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
161
contain fibers of theposterior spinocerebellar tract
fibers of theventral spinocerebellar tract.
fibers of thecerebellotegmentaltract.
fibersthat form dicussation inside themesencephalon.
fibersdirected to thethalamus.
CM Cerebellum:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
cerebellumgets fibers associated with proprioreception through the inferior peduncles
hasconnectionswith the frontal lobe by the superior cerebellar peduncle andthalamus.
does not contain other gray matter than that from thecerebellar cortex.
its cortex has uniform structure.
gets fibers from theolivarynucleus especially those ipsilateral.
162
CM The Ivthcerebral ventricle communicates with:
a) subdural space
b)subarachnoid space
c) central canal of the spinal cord
d) lateral ventricles
e)the III-rd ventricle
163
CM Communications of the IV-th cerebral ventricle are done by:
a) piriform aperture
b) lateral apertures
c) median aperture
d) interventricular orifices
e) cerebral aqueduct
164
CM The IVth cerebral ventricle communicates with subarachnoid space through
the:
a) silvian aqueduct
b)orifices of Luschka
c) orificeof Monro
d)orificeof Magendie
e) central canal
165
CM The IVth cerebral ventricle communicates with the subarachnoid space through
the:
a)median aperture
b) piriform aperture
c) interventricular orifices
d)lateral apertures
e) cerebral aqueduct
166
CM The IVth cerebral ventricle contains:
a) serous fluid
b) tissural fluid
c)choroid plexus
d) venous plexuses
e) cephalorachidian fluid
167
CM Walls of the IVth cerebral ventricle:
a) superior medullaryvelum
b) romboid fossa
c) fastigium of fourth ventricle
d) inferior medullaryvelum
e) inferior cerebellar peduncles
168
CM The roof of theIVth cerebral ventricle consists of:
a) cerebral peduncles
b)superior cerebellar peduncles
c)inferior medullary velum
d)superior medullary velum
e) pyramids of the myelencephalon
169
CM The floor of theIVth cerebral ventricle:
a) triangle of the vagus nerveis locatedin the lower angle of the rhomboid fossain close
proximity to the midline
b) facial colliculus is placednear themidline in the upper part of the rhomboid fossa.
c) vestibular areais adjacent to the lateral angle
d) triangle of the hypoglosal nerveis located laterallyto the triangle of the vagus nerve
e) nucleusof the abducent nerveislocatedat the level of the facialcolliculus
170
171
CM Rhomboid fossa consists of:
a) cerebellar vermis
b) pons of Varolio
c) cerebral peduncles
d) dorsal surface of themyelencephalon
e) anterior surface of the myelencephalon
CM Nuclei of the cranial nerves located in the superior angle of the rhomboid fossa
are:
a) III
b) V
c) VII
d) IX
e) XI
172
CM Nuclei of the cranial nerves located in the superior angle of the rhomboid fossa
are:
a) IV
b) VI
c) VII
d) VIII
e) XI
173
CM Nuclei of the cranial nerves located in the inferior angle of the rhomboid fossa
are:
a) IV
b) IX
c) VI
d) X
e) XI
174
CM Nuclei of the cranial nerves located in the inferior angle of the rhomboid fossa
are:
a) V
b) IX
c) XII
d) X
e) VIII
175
CM Nuclei of the trigeminal nerve located in the rhomboid fossa are:
a) visceromotor
b) pontine
c)of the mesencephalic tract
d) motor
e) of the solitary tract
176
CM Sensory nuclei of the trigeminal nerve are:
a) thalamic
b) nucleus of the spinal tract
c) pontine
d) nucleus ambiguus
e )nucleus of the mesencephalic tract
177
CM Nuclei of the facial nerve located at the level of rhomboid fossa:
a) visceromotor
b) superior salivatory
c) inferior salivatory
d) motor
e) pontine
178
CM Superior and inferior salivatory nuclei are related to the cranial nerves:
a) V
b) VII
c) VIII
d) IX
e) X
179
CM Vegetative nuclei of the rhomboid fossa are:
a) nucleus of the mesencephalic tract
b)superior salivatory
c) dorsal nucleus of the vagus nerve
d) ventrolateral
e) lacrimal
180
CM Nuclei of the glossopharyngeal nerve located in the rhomboid fossa are:
a) dorsal
b)ambiguus
c) nucleus of the spinal tract
d solitary
e) inferior salivatory
181
CM Nuclei of the VIII cranial nerve located in the rhomboid fossa are:
a)ventral cochlear
b)dorsal cochlear
c) medial vestibular
d) central vestibular
e) lateral vestibular
182
CM Nuclei of the vagus nerve located in the rhomboid fossa are:
a) pontine
b)nucleusof the solitary tract
c) ambiguus
d) dorsal
e) spinal
183
CS Nucleus ambiguus is related to the cranial nerves:
a) III - IV
b) VII - IX
c) IX – X - XI
d) IX – XI
e) X - XI
184
CM Nucleus of the solitary tract is related to the cranial nerves:
a) V
b) VII
c) VIII
d) IX
e) XI
185
CS What of the following nuclei is not related to the rhombencephalon ?
a) nucleus fastigii
b) nucleus gracilis
c) inferior olivary nucleus
d) red nucleus
e) nuclei of the vagus nerve
186
187
Mesencephalon. Reticular system
CS Tectum of the mesencephalon is formed by:
a) lateral geniculate bodies
b) superior colliculi
c)quadrigeminal lamina
d) mamillary bodies
e) inferior colliculi
CS Motor nucleus of one of the following cranial nerves is located in the
mesencephalon:
a) X
b) VI
c) V
d) VII
e) III
188
CS Sensory nucleus of one of the following cranial nerves is located in the
mesencephalon:
a) IX
b) VII
c) V
d) VIII
e) X
189
CS The following cranial nerves arerelated to the brain stem, except:
a) III
b) V
c) XII
d) IV
e) I
190
CS Red nucleus is located in the midbrain at the level of the:
a) inferiorcolliculus
b) superiorcolliculus
c) both colliculi
d) pontomesencephalic junction
e) c + d
191
CS What of the following structures are not located inside the cerebral peduncles?
a) nucleus oculomotor
b) substantia nigra
c) superior colliculi
d) tegmentum
e) none of the mentioned structures
192
CM Mesencephalon consists of:
a) myelencephalon
b) tectum
c) metencephalon
d)cerebral peduncles
e) superior cerebellar peduncles
193
CM Transverse section of the cerebral pedunclesshows:
a) apex of peduncle
b) tegmentum of the mesencephalon
c) base of peduncle (cerebral pillar)
d) lateral masses
e) substantia nigra
194
CM Gray matter of the mesencephalon is organized in aspect:
a) caudate nucleus
b)red nucleus
c) nucleus ambiguus
d) vegetative parasympathetic nuclei
e) nuclei of the cranial nerves III and IV
195
CM Cerebral peduncles:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
196
CM Structures located inside the mesencephalon:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
197
substantia nigra.
superiorcolliculi.
motor nucleus of the trigeminal nerve.
nucleusof the abducent nerve.
decussation of thesuperiorcerebellar peduncles of Wernekinck.
CM Structures located inside the mesencephalon:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
198
they are a part of themesencephalon.
are located medially to the trochlear nerve.
their anterior partsarecrossed by the middle cerebral artery.
they contain the descending corticospinal fibers in their basilar part.
optic nerve passes on their anterior part.
mediallemniscus.
frontopontinefibers.
lateral lemniscus.
red nucleus.
medial geniculate body.
CM Structures related to the mesencephalon:
a) nuclei of the oculomotornerve.
b) tectospinaltract.
c) medial longitudinalfascicle.
d) superior salivatory nucleus.
e) nucleusof the solitary tract.
199
CS Which of the following structures are not located in the cerebral pillars?
a) oculomotor nucleus
b) substantia nigra
c) superior colliculi
d) tegmentum
e) none of the mentioned structures
200
CM Interpeduncular fossa:
a) contains the posteriorperforated substance
b) it is place of appearance of the abducent nerve (VI)
c) laterally it is limitedbythe superiorcerebellarpeduncles
d) it is a part of the mesencephalon
e) it is a part of the diencephalon
Diencephalonul. III
201
CS Diencephalon is located:
a) above the cerebellum and under the cerebral hemispheres
b) above the brain stem and under the cerebellum
c) it continues the brain stem under the cerebral hemispheres
d) above the spinal cord and under the cerebral hemispheres
e) under the cerebral hemispheres and in front of the brain stem
202
CS Diencephalon includes:
a) thalamus, metathalamus, hypothalamus
b) thalamus, epithalamus, hypothalamus, neurohypophysis
c) thalamus, metathalamus, hypophysis, hypothalamus
d) thalamus, metathalamus, epithalamus, hypothalamus
e) thalamus, geniculate bodies, epiphysis, hypothalamus
203
CS Which of the following structures derive from the diencephalon?
a) posterior lobe of the pituitary gland
b) mamillary bodies
c) genu corporis callosi
d) a + b
e) all mentioned above
204
CS Ascending conductive pathways having thalamic relay, EXCEPT:
a) conductive pathway of tactile epicritic sensibility
b) olfactory pathway
c) conductive pathway of conscious proprioceptive sensibility
d) conductive pathway of taste
e) conductive pathway of tactile protopathic sensibility
205
206
CS Sensory conductive pathways having the thalamic relay, EXCEPT:
a) olfactory
b) auditory
c) taste
d) optic
e) conductive pathway of tactile epicritic sensibility
CS Which of the following thalamic nuclei have afferent connections with the
cerebellum?
a) ventral lateral
b) dorsomedial
c) anterior
d) reticular
e) pulvinar
207
CS Which of the following structures are parts of the epithalamus?
a) stria terminalis
b) stria medullaris thalami
c) fornix
d) posterior commissure
e) pulvinar
208
CS Functions of anterior nuclei of the hypothalamus:
a) secretion of hormones that are stored in the adenohypophysis
b) secretion of hormones that are stored in the neurohypophysis
c) sympathetic integration
d) secretion of gonadotrop hormones
e) coordination of sexual function
CS Hypothalamus is controled by:
a) thalamus
b) brain stem
c) cerebellum
d) cortex of cerebral hemispheres
e) basal nuclei
209
210
CS Functions of dorsal nuclei of the hypothalamus:
a) sympathetic integration
b) parasympathetic thermoregulatory integration
c) control of secretory activity of anterior hypophysis
d) secretion of hormones that are stored in the posterior hypophysis
e) all mentioned above are false
211
CS Posterior perforated substance
a) is located between the medial and lateral olfactory striae
b) is located in front of the infundibulum
c) is limited by the cerebral peduncles laterally
d) is covered by the lamina terminalis
e) c + b
212
CS Statines and liberines are producted by:
a) magnocellular or colinergic cells
b) parvocellular or adrenergic cells
c) nuclei of the lateral hypotalamicarea
d) mamillary bodies bodies
e) medial and lateral geniculate bodies
213
CS Which part of the diencephalon is presented by hypothalamus?
a) ventral
b) dorsal
c) antero-superior
d) postero-inferior
e) lateral
214
CS Subthalamus is located:
a) mediallyto thethalamusand dorsallyto the hypothalamus
b) ventrally to the thalamusand laterally to the hypothalamus
c) medially to the hypothalamus
d) infront of the lamina terminalis
e) laterally to theinternal capsule
215
CS Which of the following structures derive from the telencephalon?
a) Broca’s area, insula, septal nucleus
b) bulb of the posterior horn of the lateral ventricle, lamina terminalis, hypophysis
c) inferior brachium, red nucleus, gyrus cinguli
d) a + b
e) none of the mentioned above
CS Orifice of Monro communicates:
a) choroid plexuses with the IIIrd ventricle
b) lateral ventricles with the IIIrd ventricle
c) IIIrd and Vth ventricles
d) IVth ventricle with the subarachnoid space
216
e) lateral ventricles with the IV-th one
217
CS The roof of the IIIrd ventricle is formed by:
a) fornix
b) corpus callosum
c) ependima
d) tela choroidea
e) all mentioned above
218
CS Tela choroidea of the IIIrd ventricle:
a) consists of a double layer of the pia
b) forms the floor of the IIIrd ventricle
c) consists of double ependimal layer
d) is located between the callosal body and fornix
e) continues in the posterior horn of the lateral ventricle
219
CM Diencephalon consists of:
a) quadrigemnal lamina
b) thalamic region
c) IVth ventricle
d) hypothalamus
e) III rd ventricle
220
CM Associative nuclei of the thalamus have functions:
a) reley on the olfactory way
b) sympathetic and parasympathetic integration
c) reley on the specific sensibility
d) reley on the visualand auditory pathways
e) integration of impulsesfrom the thalamic nuclei
221
CM Thalamus has nuclei:
a) of reley on the specific sensibility pathway
b) of association
c) non-specific
d) of reley on the acoustic and visual pathway
e) motor
222
CM Component parts of the thalamic region:
a) hypothalamus
b) metathalamus
c) metencephalon
d) thalamus
e) epithalamus
223
CM Structures related to the thalamus:
a) wings
b) pulvinar
c) cerebral peduncles
d) anterior tubercle
e) medialand dorsal surfaces
224
CM Gray matter of the thalamus is organized under the aspect of:
a) dorso-lateral nuclei
b) anterior and posterior nuclei
c) inferior nuclei
d) ventrolateral nuclei
e) medial nuclei
225
CM Stria medullaris thalami:
a) connects amygdala with subcallosal area
b) connects habenular nucleus with septal area
c) connects myelencephalon with thalamus
d) passes together with the thalamostriate vein between the caudate nucleus and thalamus
e) connects habenular nucleus with caudate one
226
CM Thalamus:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
is separated from the lentiform nucleus by anterior limb of the internal capsule.
forms a part of the lateral wall of the IIIrd ventricle.
interventricular foramen is located behind it
is located under the body of the fornix.
its superior surface is a part of the floor of the thirdventricle
227
CM Under the functional aspect, thalamic nuclei are:
a) subcortical motor centers
b) vegetative centers
c) reley of the sensory conductive pathway
d) subcortical sensory center
e)subcortical sensory centers
228
CM Metathalamus consists of:
a) lateral geniculate bodies
b) superior colliculi
c) callosal body
d) medial geniculate bodies
e) genu of the internal capsule
229
CM Metathalamus consists of:
a) lateral geniculate body
b) epiphysis
c) medial geniculate body
d) hypophysis
e) pulvinar
230
CM Epithalamus includes:
a) epiphysis
b) hypophysis
c) nucleusof the olfactico-somatic reflexes
d) geniculate bodies
e) habenulae
231
CM Epithalamus includes the following structures
a) hypophysis
b) epiphysis
c) anterior cerebral commissure
d) habenulae
e) habenular commissure
232
CM Under the functional aspect nervous centers of the metathalamus are:
a) subcortical olfactory centers
b) subcortical visual centers
c) reley of optic conductive pathway
d) taste centers
e) vegetative centers
233
CM Endocrine structures in components of the diencephalon:
a) cromaffine bodies
b) pineal body
c) hypophysis
d) epiphysis
e) pituitary gland
234
CM Hypothalamus consists of:
a) medial, lateral and periventricular zones,
b) two pairs of the geniculate bodies
c) anterior, middle and posterior nuclei
d) rostral, dorsal, intermediate, lateral and posterior areas
e) nuclei of the association
235
CS Hypothalamus controls activity of the endocrine glands through the:
a) cerebral cortex
b) brain stem
c) connections with the thalamus
d) connections with hypophysis
e) direct connections with the endocrine glands
236
CM Structures related to the hypothalamus are:
a) decussation of pyramids
b) optic chiasma
c) geniculate bodies
d) mamillary bodies bodies
e) grey tuber with the infundibulum and hypophysis
237
CM Neurosecretory hypothalamic cells are located in:
a) paraventricular nucleus
b) supraoptic nucleus
c) ventromedial nucleus
d) infundibular nuclei
e) nuclei of the mamillary bodies
238
CM Hypothalamus is an integration center of the:
a) limbic system
b) reticular system
c) parasympathetic nervous system
d) sympathetic nervous system
e) endocrine glands
239
CM Hypothalamus contains:
a) olfactory tract
b) optic tract
c) optic chiasma
d) gray tuber and infundibulum
e) mamillary bodies
240
CM Optic tract:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
contains axons of the neurons bodies of which are located in retina
contains fibers from the medial half of both retinae
all its fibers end inside the medial geniculate body
contains fibers forming the brachium of the inferior colliculi
contains fibers that constitute afferent part of the pupillary reflex
241
CM Optic chiasma:
242
a) is located in front of the infundibulum
b) is placed laterally of the internal carotid artery
c) contains fibers originated from the bipolar neurons of the retina
d) contains fibers that end in the lateral geniculate body
e) contains a decussation of fibers associated with the nasal parts of both retinae
CM Hypothalamus:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
extends from the optic chiasma till the infundibulum
has three funcţional zones and five morfological areas
produces hormones that are stored in the posterior lobe of the hypophysis
oxitocine is produced in its supraoptic nucleus
it is a superior center of the thermoregulation
243
CM Structures related to the subthalamus:
a) subthalamic nucleus (Luys’ body)
b) lenticular fascicle
c) mamillothalamic fascicle
d) subtalamic fascicle
e) uncertain zone
244
CM Communications of the IIIrd cerebral ventricle:
a) subdural space
b) IVth ventricle
c) subarachnoid space (directly)
d) lateral ventricles
e) central canal (directly)
245
CM Ways of communications of the IIIrd cerebral ventricle:
a) central canal of the spinal cord
b) lateral apertures (Luschka’s)
c) interventricular orifices
d) Silvian aqueduct
e) median aperture (Magendie’s)
246
CM The IIIrd cerebral ventricle contains:
a) venous plexuses
b) cerebrospinal fluid
c) tissular fluid
d) choroid plexus
e) vascular miraculous nets
247
CM Walls of the IIIrd cerebral ventricle:
a) medial
b) lateral
c) sagittal
d) superior
e) inferior
248
CM The IIIrd cerebral ventricle:
a) communicates with the lateral ventricle through the interventricular orifices.
b) communicates with the IV ventricle through the Sylvian aqueduct.
c) comunicates with the subarachnoid space through the orifices of its roof.
d) does not contain the choroid plexus.
e) is located in front of the pineal body.
249
CS False statement related to the anterior cerebral commissure:
a) is located in the upper part of the lamina terminalis
b) connects mainly the temporal lobes
c) passes through the inferior part of the lentiform nucleus
d) is seen on the frontal section at the level of the mamillary bodies
e) includes fibers of the olfactory pathways
250
251
Cerebral hemispheres, reliefof the cortex, rhinencephalon
CS Inside the cerebral hemispheres mass is located:
a) IIIrd ventricle
b) IVth ventricle
c) lateral ventricle
d) subarachnoid space
e) cerebral aqueduct
CS Vascularization of the medial surface of the cerebral hemispheres:
a) middle cerebral artery
b) anterior cerebral artery
c) posterior cerebral artery
d) basilar trunk
e) middle and anterior cerebral arteries
252
CS Interhemispheric fissure sepates:
a) basal parts of the cerebral hemispheres
b) frontal lobe from the parietal one
c) frontal lobe from the temporal one
d) two cerebral hemispheres
e) only convex surfaces of the cerebral hemispheres
253
CS Cortical areas are limited by:
a) surfaces of the cerebral hemispheres
b) lobes of the cerebral hemispheres
c) interlobar groove
d) cortical giry
e) do not have clear delineation
254
CS The most voluminous part of the brain is:
a) diencephalon
b) cerebellar hemispheres
c) brain stem
d) cerebral hemispheres
e) basal ganglia
255
CS The best development of the human cerebral cortex is caused by:
a) location of the cortical centers of the sensory systems
b) it gets informations from all segments of the body
c) it gets fibers from the visual pathway
d) it is a superior integrational segment of the body functions
e) its highest degree of development
CS Correct statements related to the cerebral hemispheres, EXCEPT:
a) interlobar grooves
b) frontal groove
c) foliae
d) cortical areas
e) parietal lobe
256
257
CS Cuneus belongs to the lobe:
a) frontal
b) occipital
c) temporal
d) insular
e) parietal
258
CM Phylogenetically in the cerebral cortex are described:
a) receiving cellular layers
b) paleocortex
c) effector cellular layers
d) neocortex
e) cortical columns
259
CM Neocortex:
a) is phylogenetically new
b) is sensivo-sensorial zone
c) is motor zone
d) is not present in the occipital lobe
e) its another name is isocortex
260
CM Interlobar grooves of the cerebral hemispheres are:
a) hippocampic
b) occipital
c) precentral
d) frontal
e) insular
261
CM Cerebral hemispheres are united by:
a) epithalamus
b) anterior white commissure
c) meninges
d) callosal body
e) hypothalamus
262
CM Surfaces of the cerebral hemispheres show:
a) lateral (Sylvian) groove
b) central (Rolando) groove
c) precentralgyrus
d) calcarine groove
e) auricular gyrus
263
CM Phylogenetically, cerebral cortex is:
a) paleocortex
b) motor cortex
c) neocortex
d) sensory cortex
e) izocortex
264
CM Telencephalon consists of:
a) cerebellar hemispheres
b) cerebral hemispheres
c) callosal body
d) pons Varolio
e) cerebral peduncles
265
CS Which of the following structures derive from the telencephalon?
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Broca’s area, insula, septal nucleus.
bulb of the posterior horn of the lateral ventricle, lamina terminalis, hypophysis.
brachium inferior, red nucleus, gyrus cinguli.
a+b
none of the above mentioned.
266
CM Grooves of the cerebral hemisferae are:
a) anterior
b) central
c) lateral
d) posterior
e) parieto-occipital
267
CM Frontal lobe of the cerebral hemisphera is limited by:
a) superior frontal groove
b) longitudinal fissure
c) precentral groove
d) lateral groove
e) central groove
268
CM Lobes of the cerebral hemisphere are:
a) intraparietal
b) insular
c) temporal
d) orbital
e) occipital
269
CM Parietal lobe of the cerebral hemisphere is limited by:
a) postcentral groove
b) lateral groove
c) longitudinal fissure
d) central groove
e) intraparietal groove
270
CM Lobes of the cerebral hemisphere:
a) superior
b) lateral
c) occipital
d) parietal
e) frontal
271
CM Poles of the cerebral hemisphere:
a) superior
b) frontal
c) terminal
d) temporal
e) occipital
272
CM Cerebral hemispheres show:
a) dorsolateral surface
b) posterior surface
c) occipital pole
d) inferior pole
e) medial surface
273
CM Gyri of the medial surface of the cerebral hemisphere:
a) lateral occipitotemporal gyrus
b) precuneus
c) inferior temporal gyrus
d) gyrus rectus
e) gyrus fornicatus
274
CM Gyrus fornicatus consists of:
a) paracentral lobule
b) gyrusof the callosal body
c) lingual gyrus
d) parahippocampal lobule
e) fornix
275
CM Precentral gyrus:
a) is related to the frontal lobe.
b) is a motor area of the cerebral cortex.
c) its cortex is a bit thicker than that of the postcentral gyrus.
d) its lower part has neural connections with the lower part of the body.
e) Contains giant pyramidal cells of Betz.
276
CM Cerebral hemispheres are connected to each other in their basal parts by:
a) callosal body
b) anterior white commissure
c) posterior white commissure
d) cerebral triangle
e) all above mentioned
277
CM Cerebral hemispheres are connected to each other in their basal parts by the
following structures, except:
a) callosal body
b) cerebral triangle
c) anterior white commissure
d) interhemispheric fissure
e) posterior white commissure
278
CM Gyri of the dorsolateral surface of the cerebral hemisphere:
a) superior temporal
b) lateral occipitotemporal
c) postcentral
d) inferior frontal
e) gyrus of the callosal body
279
CM Cuneus is bounded by:
a) groove of the callosal body
b) groove of the hippocampus
c) parietooccipital groove
d) calcarine spur
e) calcarine groove
280
CM Grooves of the dorsolateral surface of the cerebral hemisphere:
a) precentral
b) parahyppocampal
c) lateral frontal
d) intraparietal
e) inferior temporal
281
CM Gyri of the inferior surface of the cerebral hemisphere:
a) gyrus rectus
b) cingular gyrus
c) medial occipitotemporal gyrus
d) orbital gyri
e) paracentral lobule
282
CM Precuneus is bounded by:
a) intraparietal groove
b) cingular groove
c) calcarine groove
d) parietooccipital groove
e) hippocampal groove
283
CM Gyri of the medial surface of the cerebral hemisphere:
a) paracentral lobule
b) inferior parietal lobule
c) cuneus
d) superior frontal gyrus
e) postcentral gyrus
284
CM Gyri of the dorsolateral surface of the cerebral hemisphere:
a) paracentral lobule
b) superior parietal lobule
c) angular gyrus
d) parahippocampal gyrus
e) superior frontal gyrus
285
CM Grooves of the dorsolateral surface of the cerebral hemisphere:
a) postcentral groove
b) supramarginal groove
c) inferior temporalgroove
d) inferior frontal groove
e) transverseoccipital groove
286
CM Gyri of the dorsolateral surface of the cerebral hemisphere:
a) inferior parietal lobule
b) supramarginal gyrus
c) fornicate gyrus
d) orbital gyri
e) rectus gyrus(or straight gyrus)
287
CM Grooves of the dorsolateral surface of the cerebral hemisphere:
a) cingular groove
b) parietooccipital groove
c) lateral groove
d) central groove
e) lateral occipitotemporal groove
288
Location of the functions in the cerebral cortex. Limbic system
CS Location of the cortical center of stereognosis:
a) paracentral lobule
b) postcentral gyrus
c) parietal superior lobule
d) parietal inferior lobule
e) angular gyrus
289
CS Cortical motor center of the written speech analyzer is located in:
a) superior frontal gyrus
b) precentralcentral
c) middle frontal central
d) paracentral lobule
e) superior parietal lobule
290
CS Cortical center of the auditory analyzer (of the oral speech) is located in:
a) postcentral gyrus posterioară
b) inferior frontal gyrus
c) superior temporal gyrus
d) inferior temporalgyrus
e) medial geniculate bodies
291
CS Cortical motor center of the oral speech is located in:
a) precentral gyrus
b) superior temporal gyrus
c) middle frontalgyrus
d) inferior frontal gyrus
e) lingual gyrus
192
CS Broca’ s center is located in:
a) superior frontal gyrus
b) middle frontal gyrus
c) inferior frontal gyrus
d) ascendending frontal gyrus
e) superior temporal gyrus
293
CS Location of the auditory areas:
a) in all somesthetic area
b) precentralgyrus
c) occipital lobe
d) superior temporal gyrus
e) hippocampicgyrus
294
CS Location of the main motor area of the cerebral cortex:
a) temporal lobe
b) limbic lobe
c) parietal lobe
d) occipital lobe
e) frontal lobe
295
CS Temporal lobe has the following functions, except:
a) is connected to the vestibular areas
b) coordinates instinctual behavior
c) is related to certain emotional reactions
d) related to control of the sexual activity
e) contains auditory areas
296
CS Motor neocortex comprises cortical areas from which the conductive pathways
start:
a) extrapyramidal
b) pyramidal and bulbothalamic
c) extrapyramidal and some axons of the pyramidal pathway
d) pyramidal and extrapyramidal
297
CS Cortical verbomotor area is located in:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
frontal lobe
temporal lobe
occipital lobe
parietal lobe
limbic lobe
298
CS To which of the following pairs of structures is gyrus dentatus associated?
a) nucleus ruber, thalamus
b) nucleus ruber, substantia nigra
c) hippocampus, supracallosal gyrus (or indusium griseum)
d) hippocampus, nucelus caudatus
e) lentiform and amygdaloid nuclei
299
CM Motor cortical center is located in:
a) superior parietal lobule
b) paracentral lobule
c) middle frontal gyrus
d) precentral gyrus
e) angular gyrus
300
CM Cortical center of general sensitivity and proprioception is located in:
a) precentral gyrus
b) superior frontal gyrus
c) superior parietal lobule
d) postcentral gyrus
e) paracentral lobule
301
CM Location of the cortical center of visual analyzer:
a) inferior frontal gyrus
b) occipital lobe
c) orbital gyri
d) zone of the calcarine groove
e) calcarine spurs (calcar avis)
CM Limbic system has the following functions, except:
a) olfactory
b) vegetative
c) sexual
d) motor extrapyramidal
e) motor pyramidal
302
303
CM Limbic system is involved in the functions:
a) olfactory
b) stereognosis
c) sexual
d) regulation of food intake
e) all above mentioned
304
CM Areas located on the medial surface of the cerebral hemisphereare:
a) auditory
b) taste
c) of balance
d) somesthetic area of the face
e) olfactory
305
CM Protopathic sensitivity is projected in:
a) primary somesthetic area (synonym: somatic sensory cortex)
b) total senso-motor area
c) total parietal lobe
d) secundarysomesthetic area
e) diffuse on cerebral cortex
306
CM Neurons of the primary motor area coordinates voluntary mobility by the
following tracts:
a) corticonuclear fascicles
b) anterior pyramidal fascicle
c) pyramidal ways
d) extrapyramidal ways
e) crossing pyramidal fascicle
307
CM Limbic system constitutes a functional unit in connection with:
a) prefrontal lobe
b) basal ganglia
c) thalamus
d) hypothalamus
e) limbic lobe
308
CM Cerebral hemisphere:
a) area associated with general sensibility is located inside the parietal lobe.
b) optic area is located on the medial surface of the occipital lobe.
c) acoustic area is located on the anterior end of the inferior temporal gyrus.
d) motor cortical center of articulate speech is located in the superior frontal gyrus.
e) olfactory area is located in the frontal lobe.
309
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
310
CM Structures associated with the auditory pathway:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
311
312
CM Which of the following structures is not related to auditory function?
Heschl's gyri (or Heschl's convolutions)
lateral geniculate body
inferior colliculus
planum temporale
anterior temporal transverse gyrus
cochlear nuclei of the rhombencephalon.
medial geniculate body.
medial lemniscus.
superior temporal gyrus.
anterior limb of the internal capsule.
White matter of the cerebral hemisphere. Basal nuclei. Lateral ventricles
CS Callosal body consists of the nerve fibers:
a) projection
b) association
c) commissural
d) sensory
e) vegetative
CS Which of the following statements on anterior brain commissure is false?
a) is located in the upper part of the lamina terminalis.
b) connects mainly with the temporal lobes.
c) passes through the inferior part of the lentiform nucleus.
d) can be seen on the frontal section through the mamillary bodies bodies.
e) includes fibers of the olfactory way.
313
CS Cerebral hemisphere are joined to each other by:
a) meninges
b) hippocampus
c) basal ganglia
d) cerebral triangle
e) commissures
314
CSFasciculus uncinatus is a part of:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
major forceps.
arcuate fascicle.
inferior occipitofrontal fascicle.
inferior longitudinal fascicle.
all above are false.
315
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
CS Which of the following structures does not contain commissural fibers?
tapetum.
interthalamic adherence.
lyre of David (hippocampal commissure).
minor forceps.
splenium of the callosal body.
316
CS Striated body:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
317
contains bidirectional connections with amygdala.
has diencephalic origin.
includes amygdala and nucleus accumbens.
includes caudate and lentiform nuclei.
a+d
CS External and internal capsules:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
are separated by claustrum.
are separated by lentiform nucleus.
a part of their fibers derive from posterior commissure.
a+b
none mentioned above
318
CS Caudate nucleus is separated from the globus pallidus by:
a) extreme capsule
b) external capsule
c) internal capsule
d) great cerebral commissure (callosal body)
e) anterior commissure
319
CS Lentiform nucleus is separated from the thalamus and caudate nucleus by:
a) semioval center
b) callosal body
c) internal capsule
d) external capsule
e) fornix
320
CS Which of the following statements on the internal capsule is correct?
a) consists of bidirectional projectional fibers
b) corticorubral tract passes through the knee of internal capsule
c) consists of unidirectional fibers only
d) corticospinal fibers (pyramidal) pass through its anterior limb (crus)
e) separates thalamus from the external capsule
321
CS Internal capsule is located:
a) betweenthe caudate nucleus, thalamus and lentiform nucleus
b) between the caudate and lentiform nuclei
c) between the thalamus and putamen
d) between the thalamus and lentiform nucleus
e) between the thalamus and globus pallidus
322
CS Striated body:
a) contains bidirectional connections with amygdala
b) is derivative of the diencephalon
c) includes amygdaloid and accumbens nuclei
d) includes the caudat and lentiform nuclei
e) a + d
323
CS The lateral cerebral ventricle communicates with:
a) subarachnoid space
b) subdural space
c) IIIrd ventricle
d) IVth ventricle
e) Silvian aqueduct
324\
CS The lateral cerebral ventricle communicates with the third one through the:
a) cerebral aqueduct
b) interventricular orifices
c) median aperture
d) lateral apertures
e) central canal
325
CM White matter of the cerebral hemisphere forms:
a) cerebral cortex
b) pyramidal commissure
c) callosal body
d) anterior commissure
e) external capsule
326
CM White matter of the cerebral hemisphere contains the following types of fibers:
a) of association
b) cerebellar
c) commissural
d) reticular
e) projectional
327
CM White matter of the cerebral hemispheres consists of:
a) semioval center
b) commissural nerve fibers
c) vegetative nerve fibers
d) dendritesof the neurons of the spinal ganglia
e) projectional nerve fibers
328
CM Which of the following structures does not contain commissural fibers ?
a) tapetum
b) interthalamic adherence
c) thalamus
d) minor forceps
e) optic radiation
329
CM Gray matter of the cerebral hemispheres is organized under aspect of:
a) vegetative ganglia
b) basal nuclei
c) subcortical nuclei
d) cerebellar nuclei
e) cortex cerebral
330
CM Callosal body:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
has body located under the anterior cerebral artery.
forms the roof of the IIIrd cerebral ventricle.
is located under the fornix.
is located above the greater cerebral vein.
is separated from the fornix by the terminal lamina.
331
CM Fornix of the brain consists of the following structures:
a) vault
b) body
c) anterior arm
d) anterior columns
e) peduncles (posterior pillars)
332
CM Commissural nerve fibers of the cerebral hemispheres are located in:
a) internal capsule
b) callosal body
c) lateral column
d) external capsule
e) white commissure
333
CM Transverse fibers of the cerebral white matter form:
a) semioval center
b) callosal body
c) internal capsule
d) anterior commissure
e) commissure of the fornix
334
CM Parts of the callosal body:
a) rostrum
b) anterior crus (limb or arm)
c) body
d) lateral branches
e) terminal lamina
335
CM Callosal body consists of:
a) nerve fibers of association
b) commissural fibers
c) basal nuclei
d) white matter covered by the indusium griseum
e) projectional fibers
336
CM Which of the following structures do not contain projectional fibers?
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
fornix.
crus cerebri.
internal capsule.
stria terminalis.
corona radiata.
337
CM Basal nuclei of the cerebral hemispheres are:
a) nucleus ambiguus
b) amygdaloid body
c) pulvinar of thalamus
d) caudate nucleus
e) lentiform nucleus
338
CM Lentiform nucleus:
a) has a lateral part (globus pallidus) and medial darker part (putamen).
b) is separated from the caudate nucleus completly.
c) is a part of the extrapyramidal system.
d) sends fibers to the substantia nigra and red nucleus
e) is located laterally to the internal capsule.
339
CM Striated body consists of:
a) thalamus opticus
b) nucleus caudatus
c) globus pallidus
d) claustrum
e) putamen
340
CM Striated body consists of:
a) lentiform nucleus
b) medullary striae
c) caudate nucleus
d) striated muscles
e) olfactory striae
341
CM Striated body:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
342
contains the claustrum and lentiform nucleus.
is located laterally and medially to the anterior crus of the internal capsule.
receives dopaminergic fibers from substantia nigra.
has sensory functions.
consists of striated (neostriated) and palid (paleostriated) parts.
CM Gray matter of the striated body is:
a) claustrum
b) amygdaloid nucleus
c) semioval center
d) caudate nucleus
e) lentiform nucleus
343
CM Parts of the nucleus caudatus:
a) base
b) body
c) apex
d) tail
e) head
344
CM Lentiform nucleus consists of:
a) external capsule
b) putamen
c) amygdaloid body
d) medial globus pallidus
e) lateral globus pallidus
345
CM Internal capsule contains the following nerve fibers:
a) corticospinal tract
b) corticonuclear tract
c) acoustic radiation
d) optic radiation
e) rubrospinal tract
346
CM Internal capsule:
a) the knee is distinguished in its components
b) its anterior part contains the corticopontine fibers
c) its anterior part contains the corticospinal fibers
d) contains the optic radiation in its posterior part
e) its anterior part is located between caudate nucleus and thalamus
347
CM Fibers passing through the internal capsule:
a) corticothalamic
b) corticospinal
c) frontopontine
d) corticonuclear
e) commissural
348
CM Internal capsule consists of the following fibers:
a) associative
b) projectional
c) of descending pathways
d) commissural
e) of ascending pathways
349
CM Internal capsule has the following parts:
a) knee
b) elbow
c) anterior limb
d) body
e) posterior limb
350
CM Divisions of the lateral cerebral ventricle:
a) body
b) anterior horn
c) inferior horn
d) superior horn
e) central horn
351
CM Contents of the lateral cerebral ventricles:
a) tissulat fluid
b) cerebrospinal (or cephalorachidian) fluid
c) choroid plexus
d) nervous plexuses
e) miraculous vascular nets
352
CM Structures forming the walls of the anterior horn of the lateral cerebral ventricle
a) thalamus
b) head of the caudate nucleus
c) lentiform nucleus
d) septum pellucidum
e) median septum
353
CM Walls of the inferior horn of the lateral cerebral ventricle consist of:
a) white matter of the callosal body
b) head of the caudate nucleus
c) hippocampus
d) parahippocampal gyrus
e) collateral eminence
354
CM Walls of the posterior horn of the lateral cerebral ventricle are formed by:
a) fibers of the callosal body
b) fibers of theexternal capsule
c) calcarine spur (calcar avis)
d) pes anserinus
e) crista galli
355
CM Lateral cerebral ventricle:
a) contains fine choroid plexus
b) has a central part (body), the roof of which is formed by the callosal body
c) the amygdaloid body is placed on the floor of its inferior horn
d) has the posterior horn which extends into the occipital lobe
e) is located under the head of the caudate nucleus
356
357
CM Which of the following structures does not contain the choroid plexus?
a) anterior horn of the lateral ventricle
b) central part of the lateral ventricle
c) inferior horn of the lateral ventricle
d) lateral aperture of the IVth ventricle
e) all above mentioned structures contain the choroid plexus
Cerebral meninges. Blood vessels of the the brain.Cerebrospinal fluid.
CS Cerebrospinal fluid is located:
a) under the pia mater
b) outside the dura mater
c) between the pia mater and dura mater
d) between the arachnoid and dura mater
e) between pia mater and arachnoid
358
CS Statements on the arachnoid:
a) is located outside the pachymeninx
b) bounds the epidural space
c) takes part in formation of the vascular plexuses
d) forms the arachnoid granulations
e) all statements are wrong
359
CS Choroid fissure:
360
a) is located near the lateral margin of the fornix.
b) extends into the posterior (occipital) horn of the lateral ventricle.
c) extends into the roof of the IIIrd ventricle.
d) is not extended into the temporal lobe.
e) all statements are wrong
CS All statements on the choroid fissure are correct, except:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
its superior part continues with the transverse fissure.
passes along the medial wall of the lateral ventricle.
is a line along the invagination of the choroid plexus in the lateral ventricle.
is a median structure which can be seen on the mediosagittal section only.
its superior margin is formed by the fornix.
361
CS Which of the following arteries are not part of the arterial circle of the brain?
362
a) internal carotid.
b) anterior cerebral.
c) posterior communicating.
d) anteriorchoroid
e) anterior communicating
CS Nevraxis is surrounded by the following structures, EXCEPT:
a) pia mater
b) arachnoid
c) dura mater
d) neurolemma (Schwann's sheath)
e) cerebrospinal fluid
363
364
CM Correct statements on the cerebral pachymeninx:
a) tenaciously adheres to the inner surface of the skull bones over the entire surface
b) closely adheres only to the base of the skull
c) in newborn is well welded in the region of the skull sutures
d) in adults is easily removable in the region of calvarea
e) epidural space exists between the pachymeninx and cranial bones
CM Tentorium cerebelli:
a) derives from the cerebral pachymeninx.
b) contains inferior sagittal sinus that passes through it sfree margin.
c) contains the sigmoid sinus that passes trough its margin attached to the bone.
d) is attached to the posterior part of the falx cerebri.
e) is attached to the posterior clinoid process
365
CM Falx cerebri:
a) is a double fold of the cerebral dura mater.
b) sigmoid sinus passes on its inferior margin.
c) is attached to the tentorium cerebelli.
d) is attached to the crista galli of the frontal bone.
e) straight sinus passes at one its edge.
366
CM Statements on the pachymeningeal sinuses
a) usually they have triunghiular shape on the transverse section
b) their walls collaps
c) their walls containthe smooth muscular fibers
d) their lumen may have septa and trabeculae which regulate the direction of blood flow
e) communicate with the lateral lacunae
367
CM Vascularization of the cerebral pia mater has the following specific features:
a) enters the grooves and fissures of the brain
b) it delimits perivascular and pericellular spaces (Virchow-Robin) in the nervous tissue
c) participates in formation of the choroid plexus together with blood vessels
d) delimits subdural space
e) all above mentioned statements are right
368
CMSpinal pia mater:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
is separated from the spinal cord by a space.
contains many blood vessels.
is surrounded by the cerebrospinal fluid.
extends in the region of the brain.
forms denticulate ligament.
369
CM Statements on the cerebrospinal fluid:
a) drains into the pachymeningeal sinuses
b) fills cerebebral ventricles and subarachnoid space
c) normally is produced in the amount of 500-550 ml daily
d) circulation is caused by the hydrostatic pressure
e) flows from thesubarachnoid space through the orifices of Magendie and Luschka into
the IVth ventricle
370
CM Cerebrospinal fluid:
a) is produced mainly in the lateral ventricle.
b) flows into the subarachnoid space through the orifices of the roof the IVth ventricle.
c) returns back into circulation mainly through the sigmoid sinus.
d) contains protein in the same concentration as in blood plasma.
e) flows from the IIIrd into the IVth ventricle through the interventricular orifice.
371
CS Which of the following pairs of the structures is not covered by ependyma?
a) hipocampus, calcar avis.
b) caudate nucleus, thalamus.
c) hypothalamus, fornix.
d) septum pellucidum, corpus callosum.
e) lentiform and accumbens nuclei.
372
CM Middle cerebral artery:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
373
is a branch of the basilar artery
supplies the main part of the superolateral surface of the cerebral hemisphere
supplies the precentral gyrus completly
passes in the lateral cerebral groove
supplies the internal capsule
Efferent pathways of the central nervous system
CS Deutoneuron of the sensory pathway of the pain is located in the:
a) anterior horn of the spinal cord
b) lateral horn of the spinal cord
c) anterior gray commissue
d) posterior horn of the spinal cord
e) posterior column of the spinal cord
374
CS The second neuron of conductive pathway of the sense of touch is located in:
a) anterior horn of the spinal cord
b) anterior white column of the spinal cord
c) posterior white column of the spinal cord
d) medullla oblongata (myelencephalon)
e) posterior horn of the spinal cord
375
CS The third neuron of the exteroceptive sensibility is located in:
a) spinal cord
b) medulla oblongata (myelencephalon)
c) cerebellum
d) basal nuclei
e) thalamus
376
CS Protoneuron of the spinothalamic pathways is placed in the:
a) anterior horn of the spinal cord
b) spinal ganglion
c) posterior horn of the spinal cord
d) lateral horn of the spinal cord
e) medulla oblongata (myelencephalon)
377
CM Cerebellum gets information from the receptors located in the:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
circulatory system
osteoarticular system
respiratory system
muscular system
abdominal viscera
378
CM Cerebellum gets impulses from the following receptors:
a) tendinous organs of Golgi
b) neuro-muscular fissures
c) otolitic maculae
d) free nerve endings
e) Vater-Pacini corpuscles
379
CS Protoneuron of the exteroreceptive sensitivity is located in the:
a) spinal cord
b) cutaneous receptors
c) spinal ganglion
d) myelencephalon
e) pons
380
CS Deutoneuron of the proprioceptive unconscious pathway is located in the:
a) anterior horn of the spinal cord
b) posterior white column of the spinal cord
c) medulla oblongata (myelencephalon)
d) lateral horn of the spinal cord
e) posterior horn of the spinal cord
381
CS Corticospinal pathway conducts:
a) the tactile, thermal and painfulsensitivity
b) unconscious proprioceptive sensibility
c) involuntary motility
d) voluntary motility
e) epicritic sensibility
382
CM Pyramidal pathway includes the following bundles (fascicles):
a) direct pyramidal
b) corticobulbar
c) crossing pyramidal
d) reticulospinal
e) corticonuclear
383
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
384
CM Structures related to the proprioceptive pathway to the cerebral cortex:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
CM Extrapyramidal pathway includes the following bundles (fascicles):
olivospinal
vestibulospinal
rubro-nigro-spinal
corticobulbar
reticulospinal
spinal ganglia
lamellar corpuscles of Pacini
parietal lobe of the cerebral hemisphere
knee of the internal capsule
medial lemniscus